题目内容

Electricity bills can be highly expensive and the power we consume comes at an even greater cost to the environment when you consider that over 85% of the electricity produced in the United States comes from fuels. Whether you’re concerned about cleaning up the environment or you simply want to reduce your electricity bill，residential wind power generators（发电机）could be a solution.

Producing wind power at home will not work for everyone. If you live in a over-populated residential area，there may be certain laws and zoning requirements that prohibit the use of windmills（风车）.If you live on 1 acre of land or more,you probably won’t have any issues but you should investigate carefully to make sure that wind power generators are both legal and practical where you live. Even if there are no laws or regulations prohibiting wind power generators you still need to be in a location that gets enough wind on a regular basis.

Some producers of wind generators recommend that you live in an area with wind speeds that average at least 10 mph. Newer models have been developed recently that can operate with wind speeds as low as 4 mph but maximum efficiency is achieved at higher wind speeds. Before you fix a wind powered system,you will have to determine your power requirements. Will you be using it to charge a small battery for a boat or vehicle or will you need enough power to run your entire household and be completely off the grid（电网）？Once you know what your power requirements are，you can start shopping around for a system that can meet those needs.

Wind power generators are a great solution for a lot of people.They’re an ideal solution for remote locations where it would be impractical or simply too expensive to tap into the grid.They are quiet and totally clean，producing no pollution. They require no fuel and very little maintenance. Residential wind power offers a lot of benefits but it’s not for everyone. You’ll have to have some money up front to pay for the system and equipment;however,you could save quite a bit of money if you’re able to do much of the work yourself. You’ll also need to live in an area that gets enough wind to make the equipment worthwhile. You’ll need to do your homework before you make a purchase,but wind power generators could be a great solution for producing clean, low-cost energy.

1.What is the main idea of the first paragraph？

A. Electricity bills can be highly expensive.

B. Most of the electricity in the US comes from fuels.

C. Generating electricity does harm to the environment.

D. Residential wind power generators are useful and necessary.

2.What can we infer from the passage？

A. wind power generators enjoy a lot of benefits.

B. you can place wind power generators wherever you want.

C. wind power generators are affordable to most families.

D. wind power generators are an ideal solution for everyone.

3. What attitude might the writer hold towards residential wind power generators？

A. Negative B. Supportive

C. Skeptical D. Cautious

4.What is the best title for the passage？

A. Ways of Fully Using Wind Power

B. How to Reduce Your Electricity Bill

C. Alternative Solution-Wind Power

D. Function of Wind Power Generators

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So seriously ____ in the accident that the driver was sent to hospital at once.

A. was he injured B. he was injured

C. did he injure D. he did injure

Want to live longer? Win an Oscar.

A new study says that actors who received the award earn more than larger paychecks.

So when 94-year-old Katharine Hepburn once remarked that she was respected internationally “like an old building”, she had no idea that her four Oscars directly influenced her longevity(长寿).

The study says winning actors will live 3.9 years longer than their losing counterparts (对手). Actors who have won more than once, like Hepburn, live up to six years longer than those who were nominated (提名) but never won.

“We found that they died from the same things we all die from—cancer, heart disease, but they fought them a bit longer and diseases came a bit later,” says Dr. Donald Redelmeier, the leading author of the study. Redelmeier says the sense of success and satisfaction makes one’s soul become more full of life.

“We are not saying that you will live longer if you win an Oscar,” explains Redelmeier, “or that people should go out and take acting courses. Our main conclusion is simply that social factors are important.” The study’s implied conclusion, he says, is that doctors should ask about their patients’ personal feelings because mental well-being is related to physical health.

Redelmeier says he got the idea for the study when he watched a glowing Gwyneth Paltrow win an Oscar in 1999 for her role in Shakespeare in Love. Redelmeier says, “She looked more full of life than anyone I had seen.”

“We found, too, those that had multi-nominations and no win had the same life expectancy as those with just a single nomination and no win,” Redelmeier adds.

1.The longevity of Oscar winners mainly has something to do with___________.

A. the big money that was awarded

B. mental factors

C. rich and colorful lives

D. respect from others and better treatment

2.Tom had five Oscar nominations but win no Oscar and Peter had only one nomination and won no Oscar either. We can tell__________.

A. Tom probably will have a longer life than Peter.

B. Peter probably will have a longer life than Tom

C. Both Tom and Peter probably will have the same life expectancy

D. Both Tom and Peter probably will have a long life.

3.According to the passage, we know __________.

A. When Katharine Hepburn was 94, she knew her long life had something to do with her 4 Oscar prizes

B. In general the number of Oscar prizes has nothing to do with a person’s life expectancy.

C. That Gwyneth Paltrow’s full of life made Redelmeier decide to do the study.

D. If you want to live a happy and long life, you should take acting courses and win Oscars.

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Most Oscar Winners Live Longer Lives

B. How to Get a Long Life

C. A New Study about Long Lives

D. An Amazing Finding

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

1000 Hours a Year

Like you, all my email goes into my Sent Mailbox, just sitting there if I want to check back at what I said to whom years ago. So what a surprise to see that I send approximately 18, 250 emails each year (roughly 50 a day). Assuming 3 minutes per email, that’s about 1000 hours a year on email alone. I’ve been on email since the early 90s. ___1.___

The answer is both yes and no. Yes, I have been able to keep in touch with family, friends, and colleagues in far-away corners of the planet with ease. _2.__ But while these undoubted benefits are the reasons why I continue to email, it is not without its own cost. Most importantly, as the above analysis shows, email eats my time just as it likely eats yours.

__3._ Each time a message arrives there’s just the chance that it might contain something exciting, something new, something special, a new opportunity. __4.___ That’s just enough to keep me checking my Inbox. But that means perhaps only 10 of the 1000 hours I spent on emails this year were actually wanted.

Frequent email messages will certainly affect our real work. ___5.___ Like other potential addictions we should perhaps attempt to check the email box at certain times of the day, or by creating email-free zones by turning off Wi-Fi. Now I need to think whether I really want to be spending 1000 hours a year on email, at the expense of more valuable activities.

A. Was that time well spent?

B. All this feeds my continued use of email.

C. Do you spend 1000 hours on emails every year?

D. And we all recognize that email has its addictive side.

E. Email uses technology to communicate a digital message over the Internet.

F. Maybe one in 100 emails contain something I really want to know or hear about.

G. Becoming aware of what email is doing to our allocation of time is the first step to re-gaining control.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

A tough new smoking ban has been introduced China’s capital city Beijing. The World Health Organization (WHO)___ 1.___ (welcome) it . The ban came into effect on June the 1st and is the toughest anti-smoking law. The law bans__2.___ (smoke)in all indoor public places, on public transport and in workplaces. Anyone__3.___ smokes in these places will get a big fine. Restaurants will have a big part to play in___4.___ (make) sure the ban works. Restaurant__5.__ (own) will get a heavy fine if people smoke in their restaurants. The public is also being asked ___6.___ (report) anyone who breaks the law and smokes in public.

A WHO spokesperson said: “We applauded Beijing for its strong and determined leadership in protecting the health of its people__7.__ making public places smoke-free. We are delighted to be___8.__ ( formal) recognizing the Beijing Municipal Government with a WHO World No Tobacco Day Award." There are still hundreds of millions of smokers in China. The country is the world’s __9.___ (big) tobacco producer and has the most smokers. There are around 300 million smokers in China, ___10.__ is almost the same size as the population of the USA. More than one million Chinese die each year from smoking-related diseases.

完型填空

阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It was unusually quiet in the emergency room on December 25. I didn’t think there would be any , sighing about having to work on Christmas. Just then five bodies at my desk, a pale woman and four children.

“Are you all ?” I asked. “Yes,” she said weakly and lowered her head.

But when it came to of their problems, things got a little strange. They all claimed to have headaches, but the headaches weren’t by the normal body language of holding the head or trying to keep it still.

Something was wrong. Our hospital policy, , was not to turn away any patient. I explained it might be a little while a doctor saw her. She responded immediately, even a bit “Take your time,” and then added, “It’s warm in here.”

Then, I checked their registration form out of curiosity. No address—they were .The waiting room was warm. I went back to the nurses’ station and mentioned we had a homeless in the waiting room. The nurses, complaining of on Christmas, turned to sympathy for a family just trying to get on Christmas. The team went into action, much as we do when there’s a emergency. But this was a Christmas emergency.

We were all a free meal on Christmas Day, so we took back that meal and prepared a big dinner for our .We needed presents. We from different departments candies, fruits and other things that could be presents. As seriously as we the physical needs of the patients, our team worked to meet the needs of a family who just wanted to be warm on Christmas.

, as the family walked to the door to , the mother came running back, gave me a hug and whispered, “Thanks for being our angels today.”

1.A. customers B. patients C. workers D. doctors

2.A. showed up B. took in C. came out D. looked on

3.A. tired B. hungry C. sick D. warm

4.A.descriptions B. comments C. instructions D. results

5.A. accompanied B. adjusted C. acknowledged D. affected

6.A. therefore B. otherwise C. however D. moreover

7.A. after B. since C. before D. when

8.A. shyly B. happily C. calmly D. politely

9.A. lonely B. greedy C. clever D. homeless

10.A. family B. holiday C. woman D. Christmas

11.A. operating B. interrupting C. managing D. working

12.A. present B. warm C. relief D. approval

13.A. beneficial B. friendly C. medical D. different

14.A. rewarded B. offered C. allowed D. ordered

15.A. neighbors B. relations C. brothers D. guests

16.A. borrowed B. received C. collected D. bought

17.A. expensive B. useful C. convenient D. available

18.A. Understood B. satisfied C. rejected D. found

19.A. Soon B. Later C. Next D. Gradually

20.A. leave B. cry C. eat D. greet

短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧) ，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2. 只允许修改10处，多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。

I was from Detroit in the United States. During his senior year in high school I win a scholarship to study singing in London. I went there in summer, and I stayed with someone’s home. People there were very sweetly, and it was a really fun summer. I got the inside view of that it’s like to live there. I loved it but one thing that surprising me was that people had to go to such many different stores to do their shopping. There was also a lot of differences in language. They said things like “ring you up” instead of “give you a call.” It took me a little while figure out these differences. So it was fun.

Specialists say that it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. “Culture shock” is the term these specialists use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. There are three stages of culture shock, say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to (适应) their surroundings and, as a result, enjoy their life more.

There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems—the telephone, post office, or transportation—may be difficult to work out. The simplest things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult.

Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same established positions. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self-image.

Culture shock gives rise to a feeling of disorientation. This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick(想家), people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the strange environment, and create an escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience—these are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock.

1.According to the passage, factors that give rise to culture shock include all of the following except _____.

A. language communication

B. weather conditions and customs

C. public service systems

D. homesickness

2.According to the passage, the more successful you are at home, __________.

A, the fewer difficulties you may have abroad

B. the more difficulties you may have abroad

C. the more money you will earn abroad

D. the less homesick you will feel abroad

3.The underlined word in the last paragraph mostly probably means ________.

A. being homesick B. being lost

C. protecting oneself D. gaining experience

4.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. Escape unfamiliar environment

B. The feeling of homesickness.

C. Homesickness can solve the problem of culture shock.

D. The best way to overcome culture shock: get familiar with the new culture.

What will higher education look like in 2050? That was the question addressed Tuesday night by Michael Crow, president of Arizona State University.

“We’re at the end of the fourth wave of change in higher education,” Crow began, arguing that research universities followed the initial establishment of higher education, public colleges, and land-grant schools in the timeline of America.

In less than a half-century, he said, global market competition will be at its fastest rates of change ever, with several multitrillion-dollar economies worldwide. According to a recent projection, the nation’s population could reach 435 million, with a large percentage of those residents economically disadvantaged. In addition, climate change will be “meaningfully uncontrollable” in many parts of the world.

The everyday trends seen today, such as declining performance of students at all levels, particularly in math and science, and declining wages and employment among the less educated, will only continue, Crow maintained, and are, to say the least, not contributing to fulfilling the dream of climbing the social ladder mobility, quality of life, sustainable environment, and longer life spans that most Americans share.

“How is it that we can have these great research universities and have negative-trending outcomes?” Crow said in a talk “I hold the universities accountable. … We are part of the problem.”

Among the “things that we do that make the things that we teach less learnable,” Crow said, are the strict separation of disciplines, academic rigidity, and conservatism, the desire of universities to imitate schools at the top of the social ranks, and the lack of the computer system ability that would allow a large number of students to be educated for a small amount of money.

Since 2002, when Crow started being in charge at Arizona State — which he calls the “new American university” — he has led more than three dozen initiatives that aim to make the school “inclusive, scalable, fast, adaptive, challenge-focused, and willing to take risks.”

Among those initiatives were a restructuring of the engineering and life sciences schools to create more linkages between disciplines; the launch of the School of Earth and Space Exploration and the School of Sustainability; the start of a Teachers College to address K-12 performance and increase the status of the Education Department at the university; and broadened access, increasing the freshman class size by 42 percent and the enrollment of students living below the poverty line by 500 percent.

Universities must start, Crow noted, “by becoming self-reflective architects, figuring out what we have and what we actually need instead of what legend tells us we have to be.” Research universities today have “run their course,” he added. “Now is the time for variety.”

During a discussion afterward, Crow clarified and expanded on some of his points. He discussed, for example, the school’s distance-learning program. “Nearly 40 percent of undergraduates are taking at least one course online,” he said, which helps the school to keep costs down while advancing interactive learning technologies.

He said that Arizona State is working to increase the transfer and completion rates of community-college students, of whom only about 15 percent, historically, complete their later degrees. “We’ve built a system that will allow them to track into universities,” particularly where “culturally complex barriers” beyond finances limit even the most gifted students.

1.The fourth wave of change in America’s higher education refers to _______.

A. public colleges

B. land-grant schools

C. research universities

D. initial higher education

2.Which is NOT part of the American dream most people share?

A. People enjoy a quality life.

B. People live longer and longer.

C. The freedom to move around.

D. An environment that is sustainable.

3.Which is an initiative adopted by Crow at Arizona State University?

A. Restructuring the teachers College.

B. Launching the School of Life Sciences.

C. Ignoring the linkages between disciplines.

D. Enrolling more students from poor families.

4.Which one is similar to the underlined word “architect” in meaning?

A. The author of the guidebook is an architect by profession.

B. If you want to refurnish the house, consult the architect.

C. Deng Xiaoping is one of the architects of the PRC.

D. Tom is considered one of the best landscape architect here.

5.With the distance-learning program, Arizona State University is able to ______.

A. enroll 40% of its students online

B. keep costs down without a loss of quality

C. provide an even greater number of courses

D. attract the most gifted students all over the world

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