题目内容

Strictly Ban smoking

       If you smoke and you still don’t believe that there’s a definite(一定的)link between smoking and bronchial(支气管的)troubles, heart disease and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you of hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of wishful thinking. This needn’t make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised, the governments of most countries hear no evil, see no evil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governments have taken timid measures. In Britain for instance, cigarette advertising has been banned on television. The conscience of the nation is appeased, while the population continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerous death.

       You don’t have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been so lukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. It’s almost like a tax on our daily bread. In tax revenue alone, the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for its entire educational facilities. So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivable, be harmful, it doesn’t do to shout too loudly about it.

       This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine. While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other. Enormous amounts are spent on cancer research and on efforts to cure people suffering from the disease. Countless valuable lives are lost. In the long run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether.

       Of course, we are not ready for such a drastic action. But if the governments of the world were honestly concerned about the welfare of their peoples, you’d think they’d conduct aggressive anti-smoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising. Its advertising is as insidious as it is dishonest. We are never shown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early in the morning. That would never do. The advertisement always depict virile, clean-shaven young men. They suggest it is manly to smoke, even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life, with beautiful girls, true love and togetherness. What utter nonsense!

       For a start, governments could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco advertising and should then conduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should be banned in all public places like theatres, cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the dire consequences of taking up the habit. A horrific warning – say, a picture of a death’s head – should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold. As individuals, we are certainly weak, but if governments acted honestly and courageously, they could protect us from ourselves.

Why do a few governments take timid measures toward smoking?

A because they are afraid of people.  B Because diseases cost a lot.

C Because they are afraid of the cutting down of their revenue.

D Because they are afraid of manufacturers.

The tone of this passage is________________.

A critical.  B ironical(讽刺的用反语的).  C distaste(不喜欢).    D amusing.

What does the sentence “because you are in good company” mean?

A you are backed by the government. B You are not alone.

C You have good colleagues.       D Governments are blind to evils of smoking too.

What is the best title of this passage?

A World Governments should conduct serious campaigns against smoking.

B World governments take timid measures against smoking.

C smoking is the most important source of income to many countries.

D tobacco industry spends a large sum of money on medical research.

【小题1】C

【小题2】B

【小题3】D

【小题4】A


解析:

       这是一篇“要求政府禁烟”的论说文,采用因果对比手法。先以讽刺口吻指出政府对禁烟的态度――软弱无力。然后点明软弱的原因――大量税收。再以抽烟大严重后果,机器所花去的钱说明得不偿失。而烟草工业广告泛滥,毒化人们。从而提出政府应从禁止烟广告作起。

答案详解

【小题1】 因为他们害怕收入减少。答案见第二段。“你不用看得很远就能发现为什么官方对医学成果的反应如此冷淡,答案就是钱。烟草是征税的最奇妙的商品,几乎就像日用面包的税收。光烟草税收一项,英国政府就从抽烟人身上征到足以支付整个教育措施的费用。所以在当局那么谨慎地指出吸烟有害时,可以想象,喊叫得太响时不行的。”

A.他们害怕人民。D.他们害怕厂商。文中没有。B.疾病花费很大和软弱无力的禁烟措施有关。不是花费大而采取弱政策。

【小题2】讽刺语气。特别表现在第一段、第四段。

A.批评语气,整篇文章都在批评,这不是什么语气问题。这里时以讽刺的口吻加以批评政府软弱的禁烟政策。C.厌恶。D.有趣。

【小题3】政府对吸烟的恶果也是视而不见。

A.政府支持。太明朗化。B.你不是单独一人。和C.你有好同事,都是似是而非的答案。这可以上下文说明,第一段:“假如你吸烟,依然认为吸烟和支气管炎、心脏病、肺癌等毫无关系,那你是自欺欺人。可没有人会说你虚伪。我们可以说你是患有一厢情愿病。这你无需太难受,因为你有好伙伴。每当提出吸烟和健康有关的问题时,大多数国家的政府对其恶果视而不见、听而不闻、嗅而不觉。”

【小题4】世界各国政府应该开展眼里的禁烟运动。因为前面四段都是现象:⑴政策软弱。如英国政府只在电视上禁止烟草广告以高位人们的良知。另一方面人民继续一路吞云吐雾走到癌症死亡。⑵讲烟草的税收高,所以不严禁。⑶这项政策的后果是疾病花费大于烟草税收。⑷烟草广告泛滥毒害人。唯一解救的办法就是禁烟。最后一段是结论,也是画龙点睛的主题和标题。“作为起步,政府可以从禁止烟草广告开始,然后应开展抵制吸烟的广告运动。一切公共场合,如戏院、电影院、返点等应禁止吸烟。应竭尽全力告诫青年,尤其是告诫他们染上恶习的严重后果。在零卖的每包烟盒上应有一令人胆战心惊的警告:例如,一幅骷髅头画像。作为个人,我们力量薄弱,可是如果政府真诚地鼓舞人心的行动起来,他们可以保护我们。”B.世界各国政府采取禁烟政策软弱无力。C.吸烟是许多国家重要收入。这两项是不分具体内容。D.烟草工厂在医疗研究上花了大笔费用。

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相关题目

阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从36—55 各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

One windy spring day, I observed young people having fun using the wind to fly their kites. Multicolored creations of varying shapes and sizes   36   the skies like beautiful birds dancing. As the strong winds blew against the kites, a string kept them under   37  .

Instead of blowing away with the wind, they arose against it to achieve great   38  . They __39   and pulled, but the restraining string and the clumsy tail kept them in tow (拖着), facing upward and against the   40  . As the kites struggled and trembled against the string, they seemed to say, “Let me go! Let me go! I want to be   41  !” They flew beautifully even   42   they fought the restraint of the string. Finally, one of the kites succeeded in getting   43  . “Free at last,” it seemed to say. “Free to fly   44   the wind.”

Yet freedom from restraint simply put it at the   45   of an unsympathetic wind. It flew up and down to the ground and   46   in a mass of weeds and string against a dead bush. “Free at last”, free to lie powerless in the dirt, to be blown   47   along the ground.

How much like   48   we sometimes are. The heaven gives us adversity (逆境) and restrictions,   49   to follow from which we can grow and   50   strength. Some of us resist the rules so hard that we never fly to reach the heights we might have   51  . We keep part of the rules and never   52   high enough to get our tails off the ground.

Let us each rise to the great heights,   53   that some of the restraints that we may be annoyed at are   54   the powerful force that helps us climb and   55   our goal.

36. A. surrounded           B. covered             C. emptied                    D. filled

37. A. construction         B. discussion         C. control                       D. pressure

38. A. heights                 B. lengths              C. widths                         D. weights

39. A. crashed                B. shook                C. floated                       D. landed

40. A. rain                      B. sun                   C. wind                         D. storm

41. A. energetic              B. lonely                C. safe                          D. free

42. A. before                  B. as                      C. since                        D. after

43. A. crazy                   B. upset                 C. loose                         D. happy

44. A. with                    B. against               C. beneath                   D. over

45. A. edge                    B. expense             C. mercy                      D. bottom

46. A. fled                     B. hid                     C. existed                       D. landed

47. A. deliberately          B. helplessly           C. actively                    D. hopefully

48. A. strings                 B. kites                   C. bushes                       D. weeds

49.A. rules                    B. customs             C. wishes                      D. instructions

50. A. convey                B. consume            C. lose                        D. gain

51. A. contained             B. lowered              C. indicated                 D. obtained

52. A. rise                      B. rank                   C. kick                         D. jump

53. A. hoping                 B. supposing          C. recognizing              D. dreaming

54. A. strictly                 B. actually             C. hardly                     D. consequently

55. A. achieve                B. score                 C. miss                       D. set


第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。
Education is not only the teaching and learning of   36 ,  but also the developing of a person's   37  .
Now liberal(开明) education has a great   38   on the world.  Much work has been done to   39   better ways of teaching. Students are   40   to have their own thoughts and their own ideas when they have lessons which are often held in the form of group discussions. They are  41  guided to use the knowledge   42  .  In liberal education punishment  43  exists. Teachers and students are just like   44  . The idea is of course a perfect one if it can really be carried out. However, it only   45   in the imagination and will never be   46 . We must admit that children should   47   be guided properly. Just close your eyes and think how many students  48   in every hundred   49   will carry out the duties of a student if they are not   50  ? What is the use of advice only if it is not supported by a   51  degree of control and punishment?  It is   52   for us to judge the success and failure of this kind of education now, but from the bad behavior of children that is actually the   53  of   54  ,  we can see that something must be done to   55   these children.
36. A. schools       B. knowledge      C. books        D. teachers
37. A. politeness     B. habit           C. interests      D. character
38. A. effect        B. interest         C. power        D. strength
39. A. master        B. find           C. make         D. hold
40. A. ordered       B. encouraged     C. used         D. driven
41. A. strictly       B. wrongly        C. properly      D. carefully
42. A. seen          B. noticed        C. learned       D. met
43. A. still          B. no longer       C. always       D. forever
44. A. enemies       B. quarrelers      C. players       D. friends
45. A. goes          B. lives          C. comes        D. exists
46. A. realized       B. supported      C. understood    D. produced
47. A. at last         B. in the end      C. ever         D. in life
48. A. it is           B. it seems       C. there are      D. are
49. A. which         B. that           C. he           D. they
50. A. pulled        B. pushed         C. permitted     D. protected
51. A. reasonable    B. remarkable       C. strict        D. small
52. A. easy         B. hard            C. possible      D. proper
53. A. effect        B. result           C. power        D. end
54. A. liberal education  B. group discussion  C. education    D. teaching
55. A. punish        B. excuse         C. help          D. trust

Mr. Glen is a millionaire. Five years ago, after returning from abroad to his motherland, he  41   his small company. Speaking of success, Glen often tells us a story about his extra expensive “school” fee. He always _42__ his success to it.

At that time, Glen, who already got a Ph.D. degree,  43    to return to the homeland, starting a company. Before leaving, he bought a Rolex watch with the   44  made through years of work after school and the scholarships. At the airport he had to accept the  45 customs check. The watch on his wrist was also demanded to be  taken down for   46 . Glen knew that carrying the specific goods out had to pay the tax, and he worried about paying  47  for his watch. So when he was checked, he told a lie that his watch was a  48  fake(假货). When he was  49  of his “smarts”, immediately, in the presence of Glen, the officers hit the watch, 50  cost nearly 100,000, into pieces  51  hearing Glen’s words. Glen was  52 . Before he understood why, he was taken to the office to be examined 53  . For many times of entry-exit  54  he knew that only those people in the “blacklist” would “enjoy” this special treatment. The officers looked over everything carefully in the box, and  55  him no matter what time of entry and exit he must accept the check and if  56  reusing and carrying fake and shoddy goods, he would be  57  according to law! Suddenly, his face turned red, and he had nothing in mind after boarding the plane for long.

     After returning to the homeland, he often told the story to his family, and his employees, too. He said that this made a deep  58  on him, because the additional high “school” fee that he had ever paid made him realize the value of  59  , which he would remember as the  60  of his success forever.

1. A. set up         B. took up       C. went up       D. picked up

2. A. honors         B. mentions          C. brings            D. owes

3.A. decided         B. refused       C. objected          D. asked

4. A. books              B. things        C. savings           D. pounds

5.A. ordinary       B. routine       C. regular      D. common

6.A. look            B. inspection     C. test            D. experiment

7.A. one             B. it            C. them              D. these

8.A priceless        B. useful        C. worthless         D. valuable

9. A. afraid             B. proud             C. ashamed       D. hard

10.A. that           B. what          C. as            D.  which

11. A. on           B. at            C. who          D. in

12. A disappointed       B. delighted         C. amazed        D. satisfied

13.A. strictly         B. quietly         C. quickly        D. curiously

14.A. conditions      B. experiences     C. experiments     D. chances

15. A. stopped        B. hoped         C. warned         D. urged

16.A. came out       B. found out      C. sent out         D. set out

17.A. hit           B. blamed        C. praised         D. charged

18.A. expression     B. idea           C. thought         D. impression

19.A. honesty       B. lies            C. goods          D. bravery

20.A. secret         B. lesson         C. choice          D. belief

 

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