Question

       Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.

       Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.

       Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far

more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don’t want to hear.

       It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有疗效的) In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy(心理疗法), before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.

66.  The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in paragraph 2 probably means _______.

       A. preparing a topic list first                              B. focusing on one’s own mind

       C. directing the talk to the desired results              D. experiencing the speaker’s inside world

67.  What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2 ?

       A. How to listen well.                                          B. What to listen to.

       C. Benefits of listening.                                     D. Problems in listening

68.  According to the author , in communication people tend to ________.

       A. listen actively                                           B. listen purposefully                    

       C. set aside their prejudices                             D. open up their inner mind

69.  According to the author , the patients improved mainly because _______.

       A. they were taken good care of.                            B. they knew they were truly listened to.

       C. they had partners to talk to.                          D. they knew the roots of problems.

70.  What type of writing the article likely to be ?

       A. Science fiction            B. A news report.            C. A medical report.              D. Popular science

Answer 1

【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普文，题材是关于聆听。许多人对于聆听的理解可能就是一种被动的接受，但本文向我们阐释了聆听和我们所理解的恰恰相反，聆听是一种极其主动的思维活动，真正的聆听意味着我们摒弃个人的偏见和喜好，站在他人的位置去感受他人的内心世界，只有当说话者感受到被接受后，真正的交流才得以实现，才可以使我们的交流更加高效和愉悦，同时也指出聆听在病人心理疗方面的意义。

段落	关键词 句	大意推测
第一段（para.1）	Passive, an active exercise, attention and hard work, realize, willing	聆听不是我们所理解的被动的接受，而是需要付出专注和努力的积极活动。
第二段（para.2--3）	Concentration, Bracketing, stepping into his or her shoes, acceptance, Sensing, open up the inner part , True communication, lack this energy, listening selectively, desired results, satisfactory, more interested	聆听需要专注说话者，让说话者感觉到被接受，融入到说话者的内心世界，通常聆听者总是倾向于选择性的聆听，以期待交流按照我们的意愿达到令人满意的结果。
第三段（para.4）	Being truly listened to, frequently, therapeutic, surprising improvement, the roots, the patient’s sense, for the first time	当病人感知到被真正聆听时，在没有暴露出任何问题根源之前，居然很多人病情居然都有了很大的改善，这种现象应该主要是病人感受到了他们被真正的聆听的原因。

【解析】

66 D。细节理解题。难度: 中等。由第二段Bracketing includes …, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside可知：这个短语其实就是对此句的转化表述，上下文都在围绕专注于聆听着要专注于说话者，让说话者感觉到被接受，融入到说话者的内心世界。

67 A。判断推理题。难度：中等。第二段第一句“Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else.”是本段的key sentence，真正的聆听要求专注于说话者，本段下文均围绕，解释如何做才是真正的聆听，因此答案为A选项。

68 B。细节理解题。难度：难。根据题意，可以定位到第三段第二句“Even though … what we are usually doing is listening selectively.”即使我们感觉我们在认真听，而事实是在交流中我们通常是在加以选择性聆听，所以本题答案B为正确。

69 B。细节理解题。难度：中等。由路标词可以定位到最后一段最后一句“…but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to ..”众多原因中，作者认为最主要的原因就是病人知道他们被真正的聆听，故而答案B正确。

70 D。判断分析题。难度: 中等。本文主要是向人们说明作为一个真正的聆听者，我们不可以作为一个被动的接受者，而是要成为和如何做我们才能成为积极的真正聆听者，最后一段则通过实例说明真正的聆听在心理治疗上的重要性。因此，本文是在向我们宣讲大众科学，所以D选项为正确答案。

【难句学习】

1. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.

翻译：这样，真正意义的交流也就开始了；而真正的聆听所需的这种精神是如此重要以至于它只有靠竭尽全力以达共同成长的意志力才能实现。

分析：be under way是固定短语，意思是正在进行中；required短语在句中作energy的后置定语；so…that…结构表示如此以至于。。。。。。

2. It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有疗效的).

翻译：直到我的医生生涯就要结束的之时，我才发现原来一个人被真正的聆听对治疗心理疾病是有疗效的。

分析：此句是一个强调not until的典型的强调句，此句是把not until放在强调句中加以强调，要注意此句的翻译。强调句也是考试中一个重要考点，尤其要注意一下几点：1强调结构的构成：It is/was +被强调的成分(主语、宾语或状语)+that/who(强调主语且主语指人) +其它成分，2.强调句的典型强调句，比如not until，not A but B等，3.强调句的部分省略，也就是that/who的省略，4.强调句和定语从句的区别。