[题目] the adventure film will be shown in the cinema depends on the manager. A. What B. Whether C. If D. Where 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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【题目】 __________ the adventure film will be shown in the cinema depends on the manager.

A. What

B. Whether

C. If

D. Where

【答案】B

【解析】句意：这部冒险片是否在电影院上映取决于经理。whether可以引导主语从句且位于句首，if不可以。

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【题目】B

A new study, led by scientists at the American Museum of Natural History, shows that living sharks are actually quite advanced in evolutionary terms, despite having retained their basic "sharkiness" over millions of years. The research is published today in the journal Nature.

"Sharks are traditionally thought to be one of the most primitive surviving jawed vertebrates（脊椎动物）. And most textbooks in schools today say that the internal jaw structures of modern sharks should look very similar to those in primitive shark-like fishes," said Alan Pradel, a postdoctoral researcher at the Museum and the lead author of the study. "But we've found that is not the case. "

The new study is based on an extremely well-preserved shark fossil collected by Ohio University professors Royal Mapes and Gene Mapes in Arkansas, where an ocean basin once was home to a diverse marine ecosystem. The fossilized skull of the new species, named Ozarcus mapesae. The heads of all fishes -- sharks included -- are segmented into the jaws and a series of arches that support the jaw and the gills（鳃）. These arches are thought to have given rise to jaws early in the tree of life.

Because shark skeletons are made of cartilage（软骨）, not bone, their fossils are very fragile and are usually found in flattened parts, making it impossible to study the shape of these internal structures. But the Ozarcus mapesae specimen（标本）was preserved in a nearly three-dimensional state, giving researchers a rare glimpse at the organization of the arches in a prehistoric animal.

"This beautiful fossil offers one of the first complete looks at all of the gill arches and associated structures in an early shark. There are other shark fossils like this in existence, but this is the oldest one in which you can see everything," said John Maisey, a curator in the Museum's Division of Paleontology and one of the authors on the study. "There's enough depth in this fossil to allow us to scan it and digitally dissect out the cartilage skeleton."

Working with scientists at the European Synchrotron, the ESRF, Pradel imaged the specimen with high-resolution x-rays to get a detailed view of each individual arch shape and organization. "We discovered that the arrangement of the arches is not like anything you'd see in a modern shark or shark-like fish," said Pradel. "Instead, the arrangement is fundamentally the same as bony fishes."

The authors say it's not unexpected that sharks -- which have existed for about 420 million years -- would undergo evolution of these structures. But the new work, especially when considered alongside other recent developments about early jawed vertebrates, has significant implications for the future of evolutionary studies of this group. "Bony fishes might have more to tell us about our first jawed ancestors than do living sharks," Maisey said.

【1】What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A. Living sharks are quite advanced in evolutionary terms.

B. Sharks have kept their basic “sharkiness” over millions of years.

C. The jaw structures of modern sharks are similar to those in fishes.

D. Shark’s jaws have remained almost the same over millions of years.

【2】It is hard to study the internal jaw structures of ancient sharks because .

A. there are only a few shark fossils

B. shark skeletons are made of bones

C. their fossils are often in poor condition

D. their fossils are found in a nearly three-dimensional state

【3】According to Paragraph 4, the shark fossil used in the study is .

A. the only complete shark fossil

B. the oldest complete shark fossil

C. the only Ozarcus mapesae specimen

D. the biggest Ozarcus mapesae specimen

【题目】The leading actress is __________ speaking highly of her role in the movie, which, of course, made the others unhappy.

A. often

B. usually

C. seldom

D. always

【题目】The island is ___________ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.

A. partly

B. merely

C. nearly

D. equally

【题目】Gunpowder,__________ we all know, was invented in ancient China.

A. it

B. which

C. as

D. that

【题目】根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为1~15的相应位置上。

【1】Asimov had _____ extraordinary imagination that gave him ability to explore future worlds.

【2】The website is (benefit) to the disabled people.

【3】He has never been (absence) from school this term.

【4】______ was then that Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains of the front window.

【5】Just accept the disabled，and give them _______(encourage) to live as rich and full a life as you.

【6】When you go to a new country，you must adapt ___ new manners and customs.

【7】I try to set _____a few minutes each day to read English aloud.

【8】As we drew closer，I could see a whale __________(attack) by a pack of about six other killers.

【9】The robot ______(rebuild)next week by the expert is named Tony.

【10】Please don’t feel sorry for the disabled or make fun ____ them.

【11】A large wise-looking turtle was passing so close to me ______ I could have touched it.

【12】It was a time _____ the killer whales helped the whalers catch the baleen whales.

【13】The whale _______ (drag)swiftly by the killers down into the depths of the sea yesterday.

【14】I hope my suggestions will meet ________ your approval.

【15】_____________(unfortunate)，the doctors don’t know how to make me better.

【题目】–Jane, where is the chocolate? Did you eat it all?

--Yes, I did. It was so yummy, I couldn’t _____ it.

A. abandon B. control C. stop D. help

【题目】A quantity of new books written by Liu Yong，a famous writer in Taiwan，are __________ in a month.

A. coming out

B. coming up

C. coming across

D. coming about

【题目】Scientists are learning new things about Antarctica, the coldest place on Earth. For example, the Antarctic ice sheet is shrinking. A new study found that summer ice loss in parts of Antarctica was at its highest level in 1,000 years. The study showed that Antarctic ice was melting mostly from below ice shelves, where the water is warmer than the ice.

Eric Rignot is an earth system expert at the University of California, Irvine. He also works for the American space agency, NASA. There he serves as senior research scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, also in California. He says ice melting from below is responsible for 55 percent of the shelf loss from 2003 to 2008. That is a much higher rate than scientists thought earlier.

Professor Rignot and his team used satellite observations, radar and computer models to measure features above the ice to learn what was going on below.

The measurements show differences from one area to the next around the continent. The major ice shelves are called Ross, Filchner and Ronne. They make up two-thirds of Antarctica’s ice shelves. But they are responsible for only 15 percent of the melting ice.

The professor says even small changes, like changes in ocean flow driven by wind, can make a huge difference in the melting of the ice shelf.

Sixty percent of the Earth’s fresh water is held in the huge Antarctic ice sheet. Professor Rignot says the study will help experts predict how the continent reacts to warmer ocean waters and helps to cause rising sea levels around the world. The study was published in the journal Science.

【1】What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. the Antarctic ice sheet is shrinking

B. the coldest place on earth

C. the major Antarctica’s ice shelves

D. the Atlantic Ocean are changing

【2】How did Eric Rignot and his team do the research?

A. He serves as senior research scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

B. They used satellite observations, radar and computer models to know the things happening below the ice.

C. Small changes, like changes in ocean flow driven by wind, can make a huge difference in the melting of the ice shelf.

D. They melted 55% of the Antarctica’s ice to prove their theory is right.

【3】Which is true of the following statements?

A. Ice melting from below is responsible for 35 percent of the shelf loss from 2003 to 2008.

B. The major ice shelves are called Ross, Filchner and Ronne, which make up one-third of Antarctica’s ice shelves.

C. Sixty percent of the Earth’s fresh water is contained in the huge Antarctic ice sheet.

D. Summer ice loss in Antarctica was at its highest level in 1,000 years.

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