If U．S．software companies don't pay more attention to quality, they could kiss their business good-bye．Both India and Brazil are developing a world-class software industry．Their weapon is quality 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

If U．S．software companies don't pay more attention to quality, they could kiss their business good-bye．Both India and Brazil are developing a world-class software industry．Their weapon is quality and one of their jobs is to attract the top U．S．quality specialists whose voices are not listened to in their country．

Already, of the world's 12 software houses that have earned the highest rating in the world, seven are in India．That's largely because they have used new methods rejected by American software specialists．For example, for decades, quality specialists, W．Edwards Deming and J．M．Juran had urged U．S．software companies to change their attitudes to quality．But their quality call mainly fell on deaf ears in the U．S -- but not in Japan．By the 1970s and 1980s, Japan was grabbing market share with better, cheaper products．They used Deming's and Juran's ideas to bring down the cost of good quality to as little as 5% of total production costs．In U．S．factories, the cost of quality then was 10 times as high: 50%．In software, it still is．

Watts S．Humphrey spent 27 years at IBM heading up software production and then quality assurance．But his advice was seldom paid attention to．He retired from IBM in 1986．In 1987, he worked out a system for assessing(evaluating) and improving software quality．It has proved its value time and again．For example, in 1990 the cost of quality at Raytheon Electronics Systems was almost 60% of total software production costs．It fell to 15% in 1996 and has since further dropped to below 10%．

Like Deming and Juran, Humphrey seems to be winning more praises overseas than at home．The Indian government and several companies have just founded the Watts Humphrey Software Quality Institute at the Software Technology Park in Chennai, India．Let's hope that U．S．lead in software will not be eaten up by its quality problems．

72．What country has more highest-rating companies in the world than any other country has?

A．India． B．The US． C．Brazil． D．Germany．

73．Which of the following statements about Humphrey is true?

A．He is now still an IBM employer．B．He has worked for IBM for 37 years．

C．India honors him highly．

D．The US pays much attention to his quality advice．

74．By what means did Japan grab its large market share by the 1970s and the 1980s?

A．Its advertising was most successful．

B．Its products were cheaper in price and better in quality．

C．The US hardware industry was lagging behind

D．Japan hired a lot of Indian software specialists．

75． What is the writer worrying about?

A．Many US software specialists are working for Japan．

B．The quality problem has become a worldwide problem．

C．India and Japan are joining hands to compete with the US．

D．The US will no longer be the first software player in the world

【小题1】A

【小题2】C

【小题3】B

【小题4】D

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第二部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

In today’s world, almost everyone knows that air pollution and water pollution are harmful to people’s health. However, not all the persons know that noise is also a kind of pollution, and that is harmful to human health, too.

People who work and live under noisy conditions usually become deaf. Today, however, scientists believe that 10 percent of workers in Britain are being deafened by the noise where they work. Many of the workers who print newspapers and books, and who weave（织） cloth become deaf. Quite a few people living near airports also become deaf. Recently it was discovered that many teenagers in America could hear no better than 65-year-old persons, for these young people like to listen to pop music and most of pop music is a kind of noise. Besides, noise produced by jet planes or machines will make people’s life difficult and unpleasant, or even make people ill or even drive them mad.

It is said that a continuous noise of over 85 decibels（分贝） can cause deafness. Now the governments in many countries have made laws to control noise and make it less than 85 decibels.

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A. less than 85 B. less than 65 C. about 65 D. more than 85

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A. they are working in noisy places

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C. they live near airports

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A. only the air pollution

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