题目内容

The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay.

 

The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay.

　　　　　 working

 

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Scientists have transformed men’s minds into a virtual（虚拟的）woman’s body in an experiment that could throw light upon how humans distinguish themselves form others.
In a study at Barcelona University, men wore a virtual reality headset that allowed them to see and hear the world as a female character. When they looked down, they could even see their new body and clothes.
The “body－swapping” effect was so convincing that the men’s sense of self was transferred into the virtual woman, causing them to react to events in the virtual world they were immersed（沉浸）. “This work opens up another avenue for virtual reality, which is not just to transform your sense of place, but also your sense of self,” said Mel Slater, “If you can temporarily give people the illusion that their bodies are different, then the evidence suggests it also affects their behavior and the way they think. They can have new experiences: a person who is thin can know what it is like to be fat. A man can have an experience of what it’s like to be a woman.”
During the experiment, a “female” approached and hit the face of the character another man was playing. “Their reaction was immediate,” said Slate. “They would take in a quick breath and maybe flinch（退缩）. The more people reported being in the girl’s body, the stronger physical reaction they had.” But in all cases, the feeling was temporary and lasted only as long as the study.
The study shows that our minds have a very fluid picture of our bodies. The research is expected to shed light on the puzzle of how our brain tells the difference between a part of our own body and something else in the wider world. Thus the work might improve the conditions for those who have experienced strokes by placing them in a world that helps them to use their bodies to the full again.
【小题1】How can a man’s mind get into a woman’s body?

A．by distinguishing themselves from women
B．by taking part in an activity actively
C．by wearing a special device（设备）
D．by transforming his sense of place
【小题2】Of the following statements, which we can’t infer from the passage?
A．Men in the experiment can temporarily have the wrong feeling that they are women.
B．When hit, the men in the virtual world will react angrily to it.
C．As soon as the experiment is finished, the men will return to the normal state
D．Probably, this study can be applied to medical fields and benefit humans.
【小题3】What is the author’s intention of writing this passage?
A．to introduce an interesting and advanced study
B．to inform us of the latest development of virtual reality
C．to illustrate the importance of virtual reality
D．to build up our confidence to fight stroke

Florence Nightingale was born in a rich family. When she was young she took lessons in music and drawing, and read great books. She also traveled a great deal with her mother and father. 
As a child she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure. She enjoyed helping them. 
At last mind was made up. “I’m going to be a nurse,” she decided. 
“Nursing isn’t the right work for a lady,” her father told her. 
“Then I will make it so,” she smiled. And she went to learn nursing in Germany and France. When she returned to England, Florence started a nursing home for home. During the Crimean War in 1854 she went with a group of thirty eight nurses to the front hospitals. What they saw there was terrible. Dirt and death were everywhere to be seen — and smelled. The officer there did not want any woman to tell him how to run a hospital, either. But the brave nurse went to work. 
Florence used her own money and some from friends to buy clothes, beds, medicine and food for the men. Her only pay was in smiles from the lips of dying soldiers. But they were more than enough for this kind woman. 
After she returned to England, she was honored for her services by Queen Victoria. But Florence said that her work had just begun. She raised money to build the Nightingale Home for Nurses in London. She also wrote a book on public health, which was printed in several countries. 
Florence Nightingale died at the age of ninety, still trying to serve others through her work as a nurse. Indeed, it is because of her that we honor nurses today. 
【小题1】When she was a child, Florence ____ .

A．loved to travel very much
B．knew what her duty in life was
C．loved to help the sick people
D．was most interested in music and drawing
【小题2】What made Florence make up her mind to become a nurse？
A．Her father’s support.
B．Her desire to help the sick.
C．Her education in Germany and France.
D．Her knowledge from reading great books.
【小题3】During the Crimean War in 1854, Florence served in the front hospital where ____ . 
A．she earned a little money
B．work was very difficult
C．few soldiers died because of her work
D．she didn’t have enough food or clothes
【小题4】The passage can best be described as ____ .
A．the life story of a famous woman
B．a description of the nursing work
C．an example of successful education
D．the history of nursing in England

请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。 
首先，请阅读下列英语电影的名称及内容简介：
A. Birth of a Nation  Birth of a Nation was the most popular film of the silent era. The message in the film was that African Americans could never be integrated into the white society as equals. Race violence directed against African Americans took place in many cities. In the South, African Americans were only allowed to go to separate schools, hotels, and restaurants.
B. Gone with the Wind  Gone with the Wind was the costliest and most popular film of Hollywood’s Golden Era. Producer David Selznick had promised that the film would be free of any anti-Negro ideas. Although it did not use white actors in blackface, like Birth of a Nation, its picture of enslaved African Americans as loyal but scatter-brained house servants and clumsy field hands was what the white thought the black ought to be then.
C. Glory  Glory offers a powerful retelling of the story of the first black regiment (团) during the American Civil War. Half the regiment’s men were killed or wounded in the war, but it dramatically demonstrated the courage of African American troops in battle. However, the film failed to describe the larger historical context of the Civil War.
D. Amistad  The Steven Spielberg film is about a historical event. In 1839, a group of Africans were captured and shipped to the Spanish colony of Cuba. During trans-shipment to nearby sugar plantations, 53 slaves overpowered the crew. The captives then ordered the two men who had purchased them to navigate the ship toward Africa. At night, however, the men sailed the ship northward and westward. The case ultimately went to the Supreme Court. In 1841, the Court freed the captives.
E. Beloved  The film is based on Margaret Garner’s story of killing her own two-year-old daughter Mary. Margaret Garner said that she had intended to kill her other children rather than see them returned to slavery. She later explained that she wanted to “end their sufferings” rather than see them returned to bondage and “murdered by piecemeal”. No other work has so powerfully examined the interior life of a former slave.
F. Schindler’s List  The film concerns the lives of a thousand Jews during World War II. The film shows, unforgettably, how one man does make a difference. Schindler proves that man’s morality and humanity are always alive. “Save one life, save the world entire.” The heavy tone and fearful atmosphere of the film are heightened by black-and-white cinematography.
以下是与电影相关的评论文章标题，请匹配标题与它们所对应的电影：
【小题1】Inner Hurt
【小题2】International Slave Trade
【小题3】Civil Rights
【小题4】Blacks with Low Abilities
【小题5】Brave Blacks

From a plane we can see the fields, cities, mountains or seas below. If we go into space, we see more and more of the earth. People and man-made satellites have been sent out into space to look at the earth carefully and people have learnt more about the earth in the last few years.

The sea looks very beautiful when the sun is shining on it. But it can be very terrible when there is a strong wind.

The sea is very big. It nearly covers three quarters of the earth. The sea is also very deep in some places. There is one place and at that place the sea is about 11 kilometers deep. The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high. If that mountain was put into the sea at that place, there would be still 2 kilometers of water above it!

In most parts of the sea, there are many kinds of fishes and plants. Some live near the top of the sea. Others live deep down. There are also a lot of small living things, and lots of fishes live by eating them.

The sea can be very cold. When people go down, the sea becomes colder and colder. Only some men can go down into the deep sea. But, in 1970, five women scientists (科学家) lived in the deep sea for fourteen days.

1.This passage is_________.

A．a short story                           B．for science reading

C．a piece of news                         D．a report

2.The sea covers about _______of the earth.

A One third         B. One fourth

C. Two quarters    D. Three fourths

3. Which of the following is NOT true?

A．The sea is usually beautiful when the sun is shining.

B．The sea is always very terrible when the wind blows hard.

C．The highest mountain is in the deepest place of the sea.

D．The deeper the people go into the sea, the colder they will feel.

4. The last sentence “But, in 1970, five women scientists lived in the deep sea for fourteen days.” means that________.

A．women wanted to live in the deep sea for a long time

B．women could go deeper into the sea than men

C．women liked living in the deep sea better than men

D．women could do the same work as men

 

Baekeland and Hartmann report that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.

　　 In general, these “short sleeps” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist(不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their friends and associates.

　　When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.

　　The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic(疯人).

　　The “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally robbed of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers.”

　　Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.

1. According to the report,______.

　　A. many short sleepers need less sleep by nature

　　B. many short sleepers are forced to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy

        with their work

　　C. long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day

　　D. many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood

2. Many “short sleepers” are likely to hold the view that _____.

　　A. sleep is a withdrawal from the reality

　　B. sleep interferes with their sound judgment

　　C. sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program

　　D. sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles

3.It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers _____.

　　A. are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life

　　B. often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleep

　　C. do not know how to relax properly

　　D. are more unlikely to run into mental problems

4. When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might ____.

　　A. appear disturbed                     B. become energetic

　　C. feel dissatisfied                        D. be extremely depressed

 

 

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