题目内容

Dust storms are violent and mostly unpredictable. They can cause property damage, injuries, and deaths, so it’s necessary to know what to do when you come across them.

     Watch out for dust storm warnings. Dust storms are most likely to occur on hot summer days, so listen to the local TV or radio broadcasts before traveling in hot, dry conditions, and consider changing or giving up your trip if dust storms are predicted. Roadside signs may also be able to warn you of dust storm danger.

     Be prepared. If you are in a storm-prone area, carry a mask(口罩) to keep out small dust particles (颗粒), and take eye protection to protect your eyes. A supply of water is also necessary.

     Go beyond the storm. If you see a dust storm from some distance, and you are in a vehicle, you should try to escape from it. Some dust storms can travel at more than 75 miles per hour, but they frequently travel much slower. However, it is not advisable to put yourself at risk by driving at high speed.

     Stay inside. Do not move about in a storm, as you will not be able to see hidden risks in your path. So if you’re in a house, stay inside.

     Protect yourself from flying objects. Cover as much of your body as possible. A dust storm’s high wind can carry heavy objects. If you find yourself without shelter, try to stay low, close to the ground, and protect your head with your arms, a backpack or a pillow.

1.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?

A.Dust storms usually travel much slower than vehicles.               B.Don’t be so worried about dust storms in the distance.                    C.You shouldn’t drive at a risky speed to escape from dust storms.   D.Driving faster than the dust storm is the most important thing.

2.We can learn from the passage that __________

A.it is dangerous to travel on hot summer days   B.dust storms usually come from far away   C.people should stay indoors when a dust storm comes      D.small objects blown by a storm’s wind cannot harm people

3.Which of the following may NOT really be needed when you come across a storm?

A.A pair of glasses.    B.A blanket.         C.A bottle of milk.     D.A travel guide.

4.A weatherman may give you all of the following advice EXCEPT that "_____________".

A.do not enter a dust storm                 B.mind the warnings on the roadside signs   C.close all the doors and windows of your house           D.cover your body with as many things as possible

5.Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?

a. the violence of dust storms

b. the speed of dust storms

c. the worst dust storm ever

d. the likely time for dust storms

A.a. b. c            B.b. c. d            C.a. b. d            D.a. c. d

 

【答案】

1.C

2.C

3.D

4.D

5.C

【解析】

试题分析:本文主要讲述了沙尘暴的有关信息以及在沙尘暴中如何保护自己不受伤害的具体措施。

1.C 推理题。根据本句However, it is not advisable to put yourself at risk by driving at high speed.说明在这种情况下迅速驾驶是不被建议的,故C项内容正确。

2.C 细节题。根据文章倒数第二段Stay inside. Do not move about in a storm, as you will not be able to see hidden risks in your path. So if you’re in a house, stay inside.说明当sand storm来临的时候,尽量待在家里。故C正确。

3.D 细节题。我们需要眼镜来保护眼镜,需要牛奶给我们提供水分;需要毯子来保护自己。并没有提及要使用旅游指导手册。故D项符合要求。

4.D 细节题,ABC三个选项都是文章中提及在沙尘暴中保护自己的行为措施,D项内容用尽可能多的东西盖住自己,不符合文章的中心思想。

5.C 细节题。根据文章第二段告诉我们沙尘暴最可能是在夏天来临,也告诉了我们沙尘暴的危害,在第四段中也告诉了我们沙尘暴的速度,唯独没有告诉我们历史上最恶劣的沙尘暴是什么。故C项正确。

考点:考查自然知识类短文

点评:本文主要讲述了沙尘暴的有关信息以及在沙尘暴中如何保护自己不受伤害的具体措施。本文细节题居多,答题时在文章找到对应的地方,用笔进行标记,这有利于后期有时间检查时可以立刻找到答案的位置。仔细理解作者所讲的意思,再结合选项,通过排除法和自己对全文的把握,选出正确答案。

 

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相关题目

May : Happenings from the Past

May 5 , 1884

Isaac Murphy , son of a slave and perhaps the greatest horse rider in American history, rides Buchanan to win his first Kentucky Derby. He becomes the first rider ever to win the race three times.

May 9 , 1754

Benjamin Franklin’s Pennsylvania Gazette produces perhaps the first American political cartoon , showing a snake cut in pieces , with the words “Join or Die” printed under the picture.

May 11 , 1934

The first great dust storm of the Great Plains Dust Bowl, the result of years of drought (干旱) , blows topsoil all the way to New York City and Washington , D. C.

May 19, 1994

Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, former first lady and one of the most famous people of the 1960s, died of cancer in New York City at the age of 64.

May 24, 1844

Samuel F. B. Morse taps (轻敲) out the first message, “What hath God wrought,” over the experimental long-distance telegraph line which runs from Washington, D. C, to Baltimore, Md.

We know from the text that Buchanan is _______________.

   A. Isaac’s father

   B. a winning horse

   C. a slave taking care of horses

   D. the first racing horse in Kentucky

What is the title of the first American political cartoon?

   A. Join or Die

   B. Pennsylvania Gazette

   C. What Hath God Wrought

   D. Kentucky Derby

In which year did the former first lady Jacqueline die?

   A. 1934            B. 1960           C. 1964           D. 1994

Which of the following places has to do with (与...有关)the first telegram in history?

   A. Washington, D. C.

   B. New York City

   C. Kentucky

   D. Pennsylvania


第二部分 阅读理解 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
A
Residents along Australia’s east coast awoke in the morning to an orange sky as winds swept millions of tons of red dust from the country’s inland and dumped it on Sydney.
Tanya Ferguson,living in Sydney,saw that the room was completely orange.She thought there was a bush fire.But when she went outside,the entire city was covered in a film of orange dust.
“It was like being in the outback(澳大利亚内陆),but it was right here in the city,”she said On that day,a big dust storm swept through Sydney.It covered the city in orange dust for about eight hours,making landmarks such as the Sydney Opera House and Harbor Bridge invisible.
The storm affected the transportation system.Flights were delayed.Roads were busy as drivers struggled in the difficult conditions.Children and the elderly were told to stay indoors until the dust had cleared.Later strong winds blew it out to the sea and up the coast.
No one was hurt in the storm,though health officials answered hundreds of calls from
people with breathing difficulties.Emergency services responded to hundreds of calls about
tree branches brought down by strong winds.
Dust storms are common in the Australian outback,where the land is arid(贫瘠的).But the storms rarely reach the coastal regions.
Officials said it was the worst dust storm of the past 70 years.Air pollution levels were
15,500 micrograms of pollutants per cubic meter.
“On a clear day the pollutants are around 10—20 micrograms per cubic meter,”said Chris
Eiser of the NSW department of the environment.
Experts said that dry conditions in the outback and strong winds caused the sandstorm.
“Ten very dry years over inland southern Australia and very strong winds have combined to produce the storm,”said Nigel Tapper,an environmental scientist at Monash University, Australia.
56.The article is about            
A.the causes of the major dust storm in Australian cities
B.different reactions to a dust storm in Australia
C.the damage caused by the big dust storm in Australia
D.the worst dust storm in Australia in the past 70 years
57.Which of the following is TRUE?
A.The dust storm didn’t blow up to the coastal regions of Australia.
B.The level of air pollution was very high due to the dust storm.
C.People called the emergency service because they had got lost.
D.Children stayed indoors for the schooling had been cancelled.
58.From the passage we can see that              
A.Tanya Ferguson lives in the Australian outback at the moment
B.a bush fire may have brought the orange dust along the coast
C.this terrible sandstorm lasted about 24 hours after it hit the city
D.Sydney’s landmarks were out of sight when the storm happened
59.The tone of the article is               
A.worried              B.sympathetic                C.objective         D.Angry


C
An oasis (绿洲) is an island of life in an ocean of temperature extremes.Any oasis always contains one or more springs Oases make it possible to survive through the desert.In large deserts such as the Sahara.towns are located around sources of water such as oases and rivers.
What causes an oasis? An oasis is actually a spot in the desert where the altitude is low enough that the water table is fight below the surface,resulting in the presence of springs.Even in a desert, it rains occasionally,and this produces a water table just above the bedrock,usually several hundred feet below the surface.Sand is very porous (可渗透的),so most water runs right
through it and down to the bedrock.
Deserts consist of many millions of tons of sand.There is only one natural force capable of moving it in noticeable amounts:the wind.Although,in an average dust storm,ten cubic feet of air only holds about an ounce of sand,a cubic mile of air can move about 4,600 tons of it,leading to erosion (侵蚀).A severe storm is capable of moving as much as 100 million tons of sand and dust.
In certain areas where large quantities of sand are moved by storms,erosion digs all the way down to the water table,putting it just beneath the surface Seeds planted in the ground there are capable of extending roots into the moist land,producing an oasis.
Sometimes.the oasis produced by the wind can be very large when vast tracts of desert are wiped clean by storms.The great Kharga oasis in the Sahara,for example,is over 100 miles long and 12 to 50 miles in width. The oasis was produced when erosion caused the edges of the hollow places to sink down to the water table.    
63.What does “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to_______.
A.erosion        B.water table          C.sand                      D.storm
64.How many conditions of the oasis formation are mentioned in the passage without considering
The wind and seeds?
A.3                B.4                        C.5                           D.6
65.We can infer from the passage ________.
A.there is at least one spring on an oasis
B.the bedrock is usually just right below the surface
C.the great Kharga oasis is the biggest oasis in the world
D.the great Kharga oasis is at a low altitude
66.In the last paragraph,the author mentions the great Kharga oasis as an example to_______.
A.introduce the great oasis to the readers
B.tell how the oasis was produced by rain
C.show the oasis produced by the wind can be very large
D.tell it’s easy to form oases in the desert after storms

May : Happenings from the Past
May 5 , 1884
Isaac Murphy , son of a slave and perhaps the greatest horse rider in American history, rides Buchanan to win his first Kentucky Derby. He becomes the first rider ever to win the race three times.
May 9 , 1754
Benjamin Franklin’s Pennsylvania Gazette produces perhaps the first American political cartoon , showing a snake cut in pieces , with the words “Join or Die” printed under the picture.
May 11 , 1934
The first great dust storm of the Great Plains Dust Bowl, the result of years of drought (干旱) , blows topsoil all the way to New York City and Washington , D. C.
May 19, 1994
Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, former first lady and one of the most famous people of the 1960s, died of cancer in New York City at the age of 64.
May 24, 1844
Samuel F. B. Morse taps (轻敲) out the first message, “What hath God wrought,” over the experimental long-distance telegraph line which runs from Washington, D. C, to Baltimore, Md.
【小题1】We know from the text that Buchanan is _______________.

A.Isaac’s father
B.a winning horse
C.a slave taking care of horses
D.the first racing horse in Kentucky
【小题2】What is the title of the first American political cartoon?
A.Join or Die
B.Pennsylvania Gazette
C.What Hath God Wrought
D.Kentucky Derby
【小题3】In which year did the former first lady Jacqueline die?
A.1934B.1960 C.1964D.1994
【小题4】Which of the following places has to do with (与...有关)the first telegram in history?
A. Washington, D. C.
B. New York City
C. Kentucky
D. Pennsylvania

A vast dust storm that blew in from the deserts of Australia’s red centre has blanketed the country’s largest city and eastern coast in a red fog,causing widespread traffic chaos and severe flight delays.

      Residents from Sydney in New South Wales to Canberra inland and towns in southern Queensland awoke to a red sky and greatly reduced visibility after the country’s worst dust storm in 70 years blew in overnight. The Sydney Harbor Bridge and Opera House were covered in the red fog and hundreds of people were reported to have breathing problems. Children,the elderly and those suffering from asthma (哮喘) or heart or lung diseases were advised to stay indoors ,as even healthy adults reported "itchy throats" and a metallic aftertaste in their mouths after walking through the thick fog.

 Commuters used face masks,originally intended to protect them from the spread of swine flu, to hurry across the blocked streets on their way to work. Some schools were closed and sports activities were called off as the conditions pushed air pollution levels to 1500 times their normal levels – the highest on record.

 Passengers at the busy Sydney Airport faced delays of up to six hours for international flights and three hours for domestic trips,and even some international flights were cancelled as visibility was reduced to just a few feet.

 Locals,phoning radio stations to express their shock at the red dawn.” It’s like a nuclear winter morning," tourist Peter Wilson told Daily Telegraph, "It is so terrible." adding that when he awoke the sky was "bright red" and "all the cars were covered in dirt".

The dust hanging over Sydney had largely cleared by midafternoon, although national carrier Qantas said severe delays would last all day because of direction-changed and late-running flights.

The sand storm,which measured more than 310 miles wide and 620 miles long, was caused by dust clouds blowing east from Australia’s dry places,which has been attacked by the worst drought on record. It covered dozens of towns and cities in two states as strong winds swept away tons of topsoil threw it high into the sky and carried it hundreds of miles.

1.What was the face mask originally intended for? (No more than 10 words) (2 marks)[

2.When did most residents of Sydney discover the vast storm ? (No more than 3 words) (3 marks)

3.What do you think the underlined word Qantas is? (No more than 3 words)(2 marks)

4.What is the main idea of the last paragraph ? (No more than 10 words) (3 marks)

 

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