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     An old problem is getting new attention in the United States-bullying.Recent cases included the tragic
ease of a 15yearold girl whose family moved from Ireland.She hanged herself in Massachusetts following months of bullying.Her parents criticized her school for failing to protect her.Officials have brought criminal
charges against several teenagers.
     Judy Kuczynski is president of an antibullying group called Bully PoliceUSA.Her daughter Tina was
also the victim of severe bullying starting in middle school in the state of Minnesota.He said,"Our daughter
was a very outgoing child.She was involved in all kinds of things and had lots of friends.And over a period
of time her grades fell completely.She started having health issues.She couldn't sleep.She wasn't eating.She
had terrible stomach pains.She didn't want to go to school."
     Bullying is defined as negative behavior repeated over time against the same person.It can involve
physical violence,or it can be verbal-for example,insults or threats.Spreading lies about someone or
excluding a person from a group is known as social or relational bullying.
     And now there is cyberbullying,which uses the Internet,email or text messages.It has easy appeal for the
bully because it does not involve facetoface contact and it can be done at any time.
     The first serious research studies into bullying were done in Norway in the late 1970s.The latest
government study in the United States was released last year.It found that about onethird of students
aged 12 to 18 were bullied at school.
     Susan Swearer is a psychologist at the University of Nebraska Lincoln and codirector of the Bullying
Research Network.She says schools should treat bullying as a mental health problem to get bullies and
victims the help they need.She says bullying is connected to depression,anxiety and antisocial behavior and
bullies are often victims themselves.
1. From the case of Tina,we can know that _____.
A. bullying is rare
B. victims suffered a lot
C. schools are to blame
D. personalities are related
2. Which of the following is NOT bullying?
A. To beat someone repeatedly.
B. To call someone names.
C. To isolate someone from friends.
D. To refuse to help someone in need.
3. Why is cyberbullying appealing to the bully?
A. Because it can involve more people.
B. Because it can create worse effects.
C. Because it is more convenient.
D. Because it can avoid cheating.
4. According to Susan Swearer _____.
A. bullies are antisocial
B. bullies should give victims help
C. students are not equally treated
D. bullies themselves also need help
5. Which of the following can be the BEST title of the text?
A. Bullying-Old Problem Getting New Attention
B. 15YearOld Irish Girl Committed Suicide
C. Cyberbullying-Taking off in Schools
D. ow to Find Bullying among Teens
6. 用30个词左右概括文章大意
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
1-5: BDCDA
6: Bullying,an old problem at school,has caused depression,anxiety and even death to students,which is getting new attention in the United States.
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An allowance is an important tool for teaching kids how to budget, save and make their own decisions. Children remember and learn from mistakes when their own dollars are lost or spent foolishly.

　　How large an allowance is appropriate? Experts say there is not fight amount. Actual amounts differ from region to region, and from family to family.

　　To set an appropriate allowance for your child, work up a weekly budget. Allow for entertainment expenditures such as movies and snacks. Next, include everyday expenses such as lunch money, bus fare, school supplies. “If you make the child responsible for these bills' ,” says Josephine Swanson, a consumer specialist, “he or she will learn to budget for necessary expenditures.”

　　Finally, add some extra money to make saving possible. If you can, keep your child's allowance in line with that of his friends. A child whose purchasing power falls away below his peers' can feel left out.

　　It can be tough, but avoid excusing your children when they make a mistake with their allowance. When Brooke Stephens was ten and growing up in Jacksonville, her mother gave her $ 5 a week, $ 1.75 of which was for bus fare and lunch. “If you lose your money,” Brook's mother told her, “you walk home.”

　　One week the girl spent all her allowance in a candy store; then she called home for a fide. “Mom made me walk home, ” recalls Stephens, now a financial planner in Brooklyn. “At first I was angry. But I finally realized that she was trying to teach me an important lesson.”

　　Experts advise that an allowance should not be tied directly to a child's daily chores. Kids should help around the house not because they get paid for it but because they share responsibilities as members of a family. You might, however, pay a child for doing extra jobs at home, that can develop his or her initiative.

(1)What does the passage mainly discuss?

[　　]

A．How to develop a child's initiative.

B．How to work up an amount of pocket money.

C．How to teach a child to save money.

D．How to teach a child about money.

(2)It can be inferred from the passage that if a child is given an allowance, he or she may ________.

[　　]

A．spend all the money very soon

B．be spoiled and finally mined

C．feel responsible and care about money

D．lose the money and can not return home

(3)In Paragraph 4, the words “his peers” refer to ________.

[　　]

A．his parents

B．his teachers

C．his financial experts

D．his friends

(4)Why does the author mention Brooke Stephens?

[　　]

A．To question the opinion about pocket money.

B．To compare Stephens with other financial experts.

C．To explain that parents should be strict when children are developing good habits about money.

D．To suggest that pocket money is useless in developing a child' s sense of responsibility.

(5)The author implies in the passage that ________.

[　　]

A．paying children for their housework is no good

B．a child's initiative can be developed if he or she is paid for all the housework

C．children may feel lost and lonely if they have no pocket money

D．children may learn to put aside some money if they are given a great amount of pocket money

阅读理解

An advertisement

(1)

Who might buy the house after reading the above advertisement?

[　　]

A．

Some young students．

B．

A couple with little money

C．

A big rich family

D．

A big poor family

(2)

What room has several possible uses?

[　　]

A．

The living room．

B．

The bedroom．

C．

The dining room．

D．

The kitchen．

(3)

What is emphasized(强调)in the description of each room?

[　　]

A．

Floor．

B．

Entrance．

C．

Size．

D．

Windows．
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     An evergreen tree is a Christmas tradition in many American homes. The tree is usually a pine or fir
dressed with lights and other colorful decorations.
     Families might buy a cut tree or go to a tree farm and cut one down themselves. Some people bring a
live tree in a pot into their home for the holidays and then put it back outdoors. Some people rent a
Christmas tree. Companies might bring the same live tree to the same family year after year. Or the tree
might get planted in a park or someplace else where it could help the environment.
     There are some trees that can be reused year after year because they are made of plastic or metal. Or,
instead of a tree, some people have a small, sweet-smelling rosemary (迷迭香) plant, cut to look like a
little Christmas tree.
     Another plant that many people connect with Christmas is the poinsettia (一品红). Poinsettias are
native to Mexico. They can be white or pink, but most are bright red. They are named after the first
American ambassador to Mexico. Joel Poinsett liked them enough to send some back to the United
States. Babies or pets that chew on poinsettias might get sick. But experts say the plant is not as poisonous as some people think.
     Like millions of other houses, the home of America's first president is decorated for Christmas. George Washington's Mount Vernon Estate is in Virginia. Visitors can hear stories about what Christmas was like at Mount Vernon in the eighteenth century. The museum where visitors begin their tour is decorated with
Christmas trees.
1. What is the text mainly about?
A. The customs of Christmas in America.
B. The decoration of Christmas trees.  
C. The tradition of Christmas trees in America.  
D. The history of Christmas in America.
2. It can be inferred from the passage that       .
A. Americans are not allowed to cut a tree for Christmas
B. Americans have various ways to get a Christmas tree
C. a Christmas tree must be planted after it is used
D. every family will change their Christmas trees every year
3. People plant their Christmas trees somewhere after Christmas to       .
A. use it again next year
B. save money on Christmas trees
C. help protect the environment
D. hope for the best in the coming year
4. Joel Poinsett sent some poinsettias back to the United States because       .
A. he wanted to give his people another kind of Christmas trees
B. he wanted his people to remember him
C. he wanted to plant them in his home  
D. he was very fond of them
5. Which of the following is TRUE about poinsettias?
A. American people like them.
B. They are considered to be very poisonous by experts.
C. They are not widely used as Christmas trees.
D. They can only make the old and pets sick.
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      An argument is appearing in Los Angeles over whether a newspaper should publish teachers' names
along with an analysis of how well they do in raising their students' standardized test scores.
Some people argue that transparency(透明) should exist at all costs, but others hold that it's unfair to
label individual teachers using possibly flawed(有瑕疵的) statistics. Some worry that anger over the
forthcoming Los Angeles Times article will make people oppose so-called "value added" analysis of
teacher performance, which is the method the Times uses.
      "This incident with the L.A. Times is where the advocates(提倡者) for value-added are getting a bit
ahead of themselves," says Douglas Harris, an education professor. "Teachers are already feeling
under the gun on this kind of thing."
     "Value-added data" is the latest trend in teacher responsibility: the idea that a student's gain from the
previous year's test ? as opposed to his or her overall performance ? can be measured and tied to the
latest teacher.
     "There are too many variables(变量) in the testing process," says A.J. Duffy. But he says he opposes
using value-added data in evaluations at all, although he acknowledges it could be a useful tool to give
teachers feedback. "I believe in a system that emphasizes the whole student, not just standardized tests,"
he says.
     Proponents(支持者) of value-added say that's a valid criticism, agreeing that no one should expect
that student gains on a standardized test could capture the creativity or broader enrichment that goes on
in many teachers' classrooms. The District of Columbia which attracted argument for its decision to fire
teachers based in part on value-added data, uses that data for 50 percent of the evaluation, relying on
other measures such as classroom observation for the rest. "No one is suggesting using it as a single
measure of performance," says Paige Kowalski.
     Barnett Berry, a professor, is even more critical of it. Value-added data can be useful, he and others
say, but it's important to acknowledge its limitations. It doesn't take into account, for instance, constant
student absence and learning gains due to summer school, after-school programs, or supplemental
teachers, such as reading specialists.

1. The tone of the underlined sentence is that of _______.

A. praise      
B. warning    
C. anger  
D. threat

2. In the opinion of Mr. Duffy, teachers should be judged by _______.

A. the value-added data of the times
B. students' scores of standardized tests
C. the whole development of a student
D. the feedback of students and parents

3. The underlined word "it" in Para. 6 refers to _______.

A. the creativity or broader enrichment
B. a standardized test
C. classroom observation
D. value-added data

4. What's the passage mainly about?

A. How well teachers can do in raising students' scores
B. Whether teachers should be linked to student's scores
C. Who opposes value-added analysis of teacher performance.
D. Why the Los Angeles Times plans to publish names of teachers.

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