题目内容

【题目】New research shows that the healthy brain may hold memories which we don’t even remember. In The Journal of Neuroscience, experts report that the brain might hold more memories than people realize, but that restoring those memories can be tricky.

Memory Check

First, participants saw a list of 120 real words mixed with 80 nonsense words. Next, they saw another word list and tried to remember which words had been on the first list. Meanwhile, their brains were scanned with functional magnetic resonance(核磁共振) imaging.

While participants reviewed the second word list, their brain scans showed more activity in a certain brain area -- the posterior(后部的) median temporal lobe(脑叶) -- when they saw words that had been on the first word list.

But participants didn’t always remember that they’d seen those words before. Sometimes, theygoofedand said they hadn’t seen those words before. In other words, the posterior median temporal lobe was more sensitive to memory than participants’ consciousness, the researchers note.

“Album”of Memories

Another part of the median temporal lobe also attracted the scientists’ attention. The anterior(前面的)median temporal lobe showed more activity when participants thought they were seeing a new word, the study shows.

So, why did participants sometimes mess up their memory recall? It might be that two parts of their brain -- the posterior and anterior median temporal lobes -- might be dueling(决斗) for the upper hand in deciding what actually happened in the past, the study notes.

In other words, memories might have a photo album in the brain, but sometimes we forget what’s on all of the photo album’s pages.

1A person sometimes has difficulty recalling because .

A. he is unconscious when he gets his memories

B. he forgets what is on the pages of the photo album

C. there are two parts in his brain dueling for the upper advantage

D. the anterior median temporal lobe is more active than the posterior

2According to the passage the researchers are .

A. studying how a person remembers things

B. studying a magazine The Journal of Neuroscience

C. examining posterior and anterior median temporal lobes

D. doing experiments to find out what disturbs a person’s memory

3What did the experts discover when the participants saw the words on the first word list appear on the second word list?

A. The instrument worked faster.

B. The participants were more conscious.

C. The posterior median temporal lobe was more active.

D. The anterior median temporal lobe was more active.

4The underlined wordgoofedin the fourth paragraph means .

A. made a mess of B. made an answer for

C. made out of D. made the best of

【答案】

1C

2D

3C

4A

【解析】试题分析:文章讲了科学家们做的实验,研究什么影响人类的记忆。

1C细节理解题。由While participants reviewed the second word list, their brain scans showed more activity in a certain brain area -- the posterior(后部的) median temporal lobe(脑叶) -- when they saw words that had been on the first word list.可知大脑记忆分为两个部分,所以选C

2D推理判断题。由 experts report that the brain might hold more memories than people realize可知专家们正在做研究,由科学家们后来做的实验,可推理出科学家想知道什么影响人们记忆,所以选D

3C细节理解题。由The anterior(前面的)median temporal lobe showed more activity when participants thought they were seeing a new word可知前面的比后叶活跃,所以后叶比前面的安静,所以C正确。

4A词意猜测题。由第四段可知把词汇整理成一个专辑,所以应该是大量的词汇,所以选A

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【题目】Researchers are now using 3D printing to create models of the human heart to help heart specialists. The heart doctors can use the models to better help patients before an operation.

Dr. Bramlet, a children’s heart expert at the University of Illinois College of Medicine, says the 3-D models show information he cannot get any other way.

And so what we’ve done with the printed models? Weve pulled it out of the screen so that you can actually hold it in your hand and evaluate the anatomy(解剖).”

A 3-D printer uses images from a digital display to create a physical model of a human heart. Matthew Bramlet says doctors can use the model to understand the anatomy.

Pictures from medical tests like CAT scan or MRI are sent to a 3-D printer to create a heart in a plaster(石膏)form. The printer then constructs the heart, thin layer by thin layer. Dr. Bramlet says the model matches the real heart in every detail. “When we’re done with the model and made our decision, we want to be able to go back to the source image and confirm those findings,” he says.

Dr. Bramlet has built model hearts for different kinds of heart operations. All of the operations were successful. In his first case, digital images showed only one tiny hole in a baby’s heart. But, the 3-D printed model showed several defects or problems that the baby was born with. Dr. Bramlet says those defects could not be seen easily in the images. The heart surgeon was able to change the type of surgery for the patient based on the 3-D model. He added that 3-D heart models saves time during heart operations.

Kathy Magliato is a heart surgeon at Saint John’s Health Center in Los Angeles. She welcomes the new technology. She says it could help her make better decisions before she operates on the hearts of her patients.

“I can then take this very complicated structure before the operation and I can hold it in my hand and plan an operation around what I’m seeing, touching and feeling. That to me is what can potentially change the game in an operation and save lives.”

Dr Bramlet continues to research the technology. He is working with the National Institutes of Health to build a 3-D library that includes heart models and images that others can use.

【1】Whats the main idea of the passage?

A. The application of 3-D printing in heart operations

B. The development of 3-D technology.

C. The difficulties of heart operations.

D. Heart operations with the help 3-D models.

【2】What is the biggest advantage of 3-D models in the diagnose of heart problems?

A. Surgeons can see, touch and feel the 3-D models.

B. They can help surgeons save time.

C. They can be made exactly like the hearts.

D. They can help discover the otherwise hidden heart problems.

【3】Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The 3-D model can be taken out of a screen.

B. CAT scan and MRI are no longer needed.

C. The 3-D model is an exact copy ofspan> the heart.

D. Digital images are not reliable in heart operations.

【4】What can we infer from the passage?

A. Digital images will mislead heart surgeons.

B. More patients will benefit from the 3-D technology.

C. Heart operations will never fail with 3-D models.

D. Surgeons cannot operate on hearts without 3-D models.

【题目】It was raining as I ran out of the church, eager to get home and play with the gifts Father Christmas sent me. Across the street was a gas station, which was closed for Christmas, but I noticed a family standing under the narrow overhang to keep dry. I wondered briefly why they were there but then forgot about them as I couldn’t wait to see my gifts.

Once I got home, there was hardly any time to enjoy my gifts. My grandparents were still waiting for us to have Christmas dinner together at their house. As we drove down the highway, I noticed that the family was still there.

The closer we got to my grandparents’ house, the slower the car went. Suddenly, my father U-turned and said, “I can’t stand it!” “What?” asked my mother. “It’s those people back there at the gas station, standing in the rain.”

When my father pulled into the station, I saw there were five of them: the parents and three children—two girls and a small boy. Then we learned that the family was waiting for the bus to Birmingham, where the man planned to find a job.

“Well, that bus won’t come along for several hours. Winborn’s just a few miles away, and there is a shed(棚) with a cover there,” my father advised. “I will run you up there.”

Then they climbed into our car,. My father looked back and asked the children if Father Christmas had found them. Three sad faces gave him his answer.

“Well, Father Christmas said he was having trouble finding you, so he just left your toys at my house this morning. Let’s go to get them first,” my father said. All at once, the three children’s faces lit up.

When we arrived at our house, one girl spied a lovely doll, that little boy took a ball, and the other girl picked up something else. That was the Christmas when I learned the joy of making others happy.

【1】At the gas station the family might feel______.

A. anxious B. disappointed

C. frightened D. ashamed

【2】The three children received Christmas gifts thanks to_______.

A. the author B. the author’s father

C. their parents D. their grandparents

【3】We can learn from the text that the author’s father_____.

A. knew that family very well

B. got lost on the way to Winborn

C. sent that family to Birmingham

D. was happy to help those in trouble

【4】What would be the best title for the text?

A. Father Christmas saved us

B. My father never gives up.

C. Special Christmas gifts

D. A hard-working family

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