题目内容

Switzerland is the best place to be born in the world in 2013,and the US is just 16th. A new study made by the Economist Intelligence Unit says American babies will have a dimmer(暗淡)future than those born in Hong Kong,Ireland and even Canada. The EIU,a sister company of The Economist,tried to measure how well countries will provide the best opportunities for a healthy,safe and prosperous life in years to come.

People born in Switzerland will tend to be the happiest and have the best quality of life in terms of wealth,health and trust in public institutions,according to the analysis. The Scandinavian countries of Norway,Sweden and Denmark also all make the top five in a‘quality-of-lif e’index(指数)where it is best to be born next year.

One of the most important factors is being rich,but other factors come into play including crime,trust in public institutions and the health of family life. In total,the index takes into account 11 factors. These include fixed factors such as geography,others that change slowly over time such as demography (人口学) social and cultural characteristics, and the state of the world economy. The index also looks at income per head in 2030,which is roughly when children born in 2013 will reach adulthood. Small economies take up the top 10 countries,with Australia coming second and New Zealand and the Netherlands not too far behind.

Half of the top 10 countries are European,but only one,the Netherlands,is from the eurozone. The crisis-ridden south of Europe,including Greece,Portugal and Spain,falls behind despite the advantage of a favourable climate. Interestingly,the largest European economies-Germany,France and Britain-do not do particularly well. Nigeria has the unenviable(不值得羡慕的)title of being the worst country for a baby to enter the world in 2013.

1.According to the passage,the happiest people live in      ·

A.Denmark          B.Switzerland        C.Germany          D.Nigeria

2.The factors of telling the best place to be born don’t include      

A.economy                             B.geography

C.trust in public institutions                 D.pollution

3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A.The Economist Intelligence Unit is a company.

B.The Economist attempted to measure the best place to live.

C.The Scandinavian countries are hardly at the top of the list.

D.Half of the top 10 countries are from the eurozone.

4.The purpose of the text is to show people      

A.the best place to be born in 2013

B.a new study made by the EIU

C.the worst country to be born in 2013

D.the factors of measuring the best place to be born

 

【答案】

1.B

2.D

3.A

4.B

【解析】

试题分析:本文是一篇说明文,说明了在2013年瑞士在世界上是最好的出生地,在瑞士出生的人往往是最幸福的,在财富、健康、对公共机构的信任方面有最好的生活质量。美国排名第16位,由经济学家研究表明,出生在美国的孩子比起香港、爱尔兰、加拿大有个暗淡的未来,EIU公司试图衡量国家将提供一个健康的最好机会、安全和繁荣的未来生活

1.细节题。由第二段第一句People born in Switzerland will tend to be the happiest and have the best quality of life in terms of wealth,health and trust in public institutions,可以知道答案,所以选B

2.细节题。由第三段trust in public institutions and the health of family life. In total,the index takes into account 11 factors. These include fixed factors such as geography,others that change slowly over time such as demography (人口学) social and cultural characteristics, and the state of the world economy.可以知道答案,故选D。

3.细节题,由第一段第四行The EIU,a sister company of The Economist可以知道答案,故选A。

4.推理题,由第一段最后一句The EIU,a sister company of The Economist,tried to measure how well countries will provide the best opportunities for a healthy,safe and prosperous life in years to come可以推出答案,所以选B。

考点:这是一篇记叙文。

点评:本文主要考查细节题,答题前一定要读懂全文,由EIU发明的一项新研究是贯穿全文的一条重要线索,一定要注意体会。然后带着问题,再读全文,找出答题所需要的依据,完成阅读。

 

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Successful people in international business understand the cultures of other countries and learn to change their practices in different cultures. They understand the importance of avoiding business decisions based on misconceptions—mistaken ideas. 
One cause of misconceptions is ethnocentrism, the belief that one’s own culture’s way of doing things is better than the way of other cultures. It’s ethnocentrism that leads to failure in international business. To avoid ethnocentrism, it’s necessary to study the different elements(组成部分)of culture: language, values and attitudes, and customs and manners. 
Language
A knowledge of the local language can help international business people in four ways. First, people can communicate directly. Second, people are usually more open in their communication with someone who speaks their language. Third, an understanding of the language allows people to infer meanings that are not said directly. Finally, knowing the language helps people to understand the culture better. 
Values are people’s basic beliefs about the difference between right and wrong, good and bad . An attitude is a way of thinking or acting. Values and attitudes influence international business. For example, many people in the United States believe that chocolate from Switzerland is better than chocolate from other countries, and they buy a lot of it. 
Customs and manners
Customs are common social practices. Manners are ways of acting that the society believes are polite. For example, in the United States, it is the custom to have salad (色拉) before the main course at dinner, not after. It’s not acceptable to talk with food in mouth at table. Failure to understand the customs and manners of other countries will bring difficulty selling their products. Orange juice as a breakfast drink of an American company in France doesn’t sell well because the French don’t usually drink juice with breakfast.  
1. A knowledge of the local language allows international business people _________. 
A. to communicate without outside help
B. to be more open with their customers
C. to express their thoughts indirectly
D. to have a better idea of their own culture
2. The act of many people buying chocolate of Switzerland shows the role of ________. 
A. attitudes        B. values           C. manners          D. customs
3. What would be the best title for the text?                    
A. Misconceptions in Business               B. Basic Beliefs in Business
C. International Business Culture             D. Successful International Business
4. The author’s purpose of writing this article is to tell people ___________.       
A. how to take a right attitude in business
B. how to act politely and properly in business
C. how to use a local language in business
D. how to avoid misunderstandings in business

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