D

                                 ★

     “One thing I enjoy about my job is that I can i work on something that is actually active,” says Game McGimsey,an American volcanologist ( 火山学家) .Part of his job includes keeping an eye ; on Alaska's many active volcanoes and giving  people a heads-up when a volcano might erupt(喷发) . 

     Like most jobs in the sciences,volcanology 1requires a lot of education. McGimsey received an undergraduate degree in geology at the University of North Carolina,then landed an zw 纪(实习 期) with a geologist at the (美国地质勘探 局) whose area of expertise was volcanoes. After earning a graduate degree at the University of Colorado,McGimsey accepted a job with the USGS and has been with the Alaska Volcano Observatory for 25 years. 

       Volcanoes can influence the world in ways we might not think about. For example,on Dec. 15,1989,a 747 jetliner (a large airplane) flew through a thick ash (灰) cloud、produced by Mount Redoubt,an Alaskan volcano that hadn,t erupted in 25 years. The ash caused all four   engines to die,and the plane5 s electronics went dead.a  The plane was within several thousand feet of flying into the mountains below when the pilots gpt 教 couple of the engines restarted and landed safely in Anchorage,” McGimsey says. It cost nearly $80 million to repair the damage to the plane.

       Such situations show just how dangerous volcanoes can be. However,volcanologists know the risks and are prepared to protect themselves.

    “There is certainly a higher danger level in volcanology than some other jobs”’ McGimsey admits. aWe understand how serious the danger is,and we don't like taking unnecessary chances. We avoid getting too close to an erupting volcano,because it's not worth injury or death simply to get a rock or photograph."

32. Before working for the USGS,McGimsey

   A. had been a pilot for 25 years

   B. knewnothing about the organization

   C. had taught at the University of North Carolina

   D. had studied at the University of Colorado

33. On Dec. 15,1989,a 747 jetliner

   A. had all its engines restarted

   B. flew into a volcano in Europe

   C. survived an air accident luckily

   D. disappeared in a huge ash cloud

34. What McGimsey says in the last paragraplv

shows his .

   A. pride           B. carefulness

   C. loneliness          D. doubt

35. What would be the best title for the text?

   A. Game McGimsey: a man of his word

   B. Game McGimsey: a volcano watcher

   C. The eruption of Mount Redoubt

   D. Lost land of the volcano

                         B

                      ★★★★★

      Anna Schiferl hadn,t even got out of bed when she reached for her cell phone and typed text to her mom,one recent Saturday. Mom was right downstairs in the kitchen. The text? Anna wanted an egg for breakfast. Soon after,Joanna Schiferl called,rtIf you want to talk to me,Anna,come downstairs and see me!Anna laughs about it now. “I was kind of being lazy,” she admits.

    These days,many people with cell phones prefer texting to a phone call. And that's creating a communication divide,of sorts — the talkers vs. the texters. Some would argue that' s no big deal. But many experts say the most success-fill communicators will,of course,have the competence to do both. And they fear that more of us are unable to have 一 or at least are avoiding 一 the traditional face-to-face conversations.

     Many pra/ewoa (教授) say it is not common to see students outside of class. UI sit in my office hours lonely now because if my students have a When this program started six years ago,question,they email me,often late at night,says Renee Houston,a professor at the University of Puget Sound in Washington state. "And they never call." ,

     As Anna sees it: “There are people you’ 11 text,but won’ t call. It's just a way to stay in touch with each other.Some believe that scores of texts each day keep people more comiected.

   “The problein is that the conversation isn,t  very deep,says Joseph Grenny,co-author of the book Crucial Conversations: Tools for Talking When Stakes are High. 

    The problem has been there since wc ve had telephones — probably since the time of a tegrflp(电报) ,” Grenny says. Texting is just the latest way to do that. Though they may not always ’ be so good at deep conversations themselves, Grenny suggests that parents model the behavior for their children and put down their own cell phones. He says that they also should set limits,as  yXnna,smom did when she ttiade the no texting to people in the same housew rule.

6. According to Paragraph 1 ,Joanna.

   A. was very strict with her daughter

   B. did not know how to use a cell phone

   C. was angry that her daughter got up late

   D. did not have any breakfast that morning

7. The underlined word  competencein Paragraph 2 probably means “ ”.

   A. chance   B. ability

   C. courage   D. patience

8. What do we know about Renee’students?

     A. They often work late at night.

     B. They often ask strange questions.

     C. Few ask her questions face to face.

     D . Many email her if she feels lonely.

9. In Joseph Grenny’s opinion, .

   A. cell phones make people lonelier

   B. telephones help people communicate clearly

   C. texting helps people have deeper conversations

   D. talking should be encouraged instead of texting

10. What would be the best title for the text?

   A. Why is communication important?

   B. How does texting affect kids at school?

   C. Is texting ruining the art of conversation?

   D. How can we avoid one-sided conversations?

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