Question

【题目】阅读理解
How to deal with waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal (处理) problem becomes increasingly difficult.
During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site. Residents or trash haulers (垃圾拖运者) would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically (定期的) some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.
Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of (处理). Those located on rivers often just dumped (倾倒) the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys (烟囱) to deal with the problem.
Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modem society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or too close to residential (住宅区的) neighborhoods. Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent (不存在).
Awareness (意识) of pollution dangers has led to more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.
Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 per cent of a city's reusable waste.
（1）The most suitable title for this passage would be .
A.Places for Disposing Waste
B.Waste Disposal Problem
C.Ways of Getting Rid of Waste
D.Waste Pollution Dangers
（2）During the 18th century, people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT for .
A.recycling it
B.burying it
C.burning it
D.throwing it into rivers
（3）What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?
A.Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society.
B.There is cheap land to bury waste in modem society.
C.Ways to deal with waste in modem society stay the same.
D.It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modern society.
（4）The main purpose of writing this article is to .
A.tell people a better way to get rid of the waste.
B.warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing.
C.call on people to take part in recycling programs.
D.draw people's attention to waste management.

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了废物处理的问题。
（1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段”How to deal with waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal (处理) problem becomes increasingly difficult.“可知这篇文章主要讲了废物处理的问题，选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段”During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site. Residents or trash haulers (垃圾拖运者) would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically (定期的) some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.“这一段落主要介绍了十八世纪，人们处理垃圾的方法，并没有提到回收废物，故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段”Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modem society.“可推断出现代社会处理废物的方法仍然保持不变，选C。
（4）考查写作意图。这篇文章主要讲了废物处理的问题，在现代社会处理废物的方法仍然保持不变，各种原因使得人们无法接受，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是引起人们对废物管理的注意，选D。