题目内容
A blocked airway(呼吸道) can kill someone in three to four minutes, but it can take more than eight minutes for an ambulance to arrive. So a simple procedure such as opening someone's airway can save their life while they're waiting for emergency medical help. This means you're more likely to give first aid to someone you know than a stranger.
There are many misconceptions(误解) surrounding first aid. Below are the ‘most popular’ ones with details of what you should do.
You should put butter or cream on a burn. The only thing you should put on a burn is cold water - keep the butter for cooking. Put the affected area under cold running water for at least ten minutes.
The best way to treat bleeding is to put the wound under a tap. If you put a bleeding wound under a tap you wash away the body's clotting agents(凝血剂) and make it bleed more. Instead put pressure on the wound with whatever is available to stop or slow down the flow of blood. As soon as possible call 999. Keep pressure on the wound until help arrives.
Nosebleeds are best treated by putting the head back. If you put the head back during a nosebleed, all the blood goes down the back of the airway. Instead advise them to tilt(倾斜) their head forwards and ask the person to pinch(捏) the end of their nose and breathe through their mouth.
You need lots of training to do first aid. You don’t - what you mostly need is common sense. You can learn enough first aid in a few minutes to save someone's life – whether it’s from a book, attending a course or watching videos online.
Remember: anyone can save a life
【小题1】The most important point to save a person’s life is to ensure _____.
| A．his smooth breath |
| B．ambulances’ arriving time |
| C．the quiet surroundings |
| D．emergency medical help |
| A．put some cream on the burn area |
| B．cook some butter for the burn |
| C．place the burn under cold running water |
| D．wash the affected area for a long time |
| A．It will help the bleeding stop at once. |
| B．It will help produce more clotting agents. |
| C．It will produce more pressure on the wound |
| D．It will bleed more and hard to stop |
| A．When a person’s nose bleed, please put the head back. |
| B．You can learn first aid in quickly in different ways. |
| C．When a person is burnt, crap the burn until help arrives. |
| D．Not everyone can do first aid to save a life. |
| A．how to learn first aid by yourself |
| B．some misunderstanding about first aid |
| C．the importance of first aid |
| D．how to help medical team save a life |
【小题1】A
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】B
【小题5】B
解析
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
My father and I were standing at the top of a church tower. He 36 me to this place in a small Italian town not far from our home in Rome. I 37 why he did so.
“Look down, Elsa,” Father said to me. I looked down and 38 the square in the centre of the village and I saw many turning streets 39 to the square.
“ See, my dear. There is more than one 40 to the square. Life is like that. If you can’t get to the place 41 you want to go by one road, 42 another,” he said to me.
Now I 43 why I was there. My father wanted to tell me how to 44 and deal with the difficulties.
In the years that 45 I often remembered the lesson Fathere taught me. I knew where I wanted to go in 46 . I wanted to be a fashion 47 . And on the way to my first small success I found the road 48 . What could I do ? Accept the failure? Or use my imagination and wisdom to find another road to my 49 ?
I had come to Paris, the 50 of the world of fashion , with some clothes I 51 . But none of the famous fashion designers seemed 52 in them. Then one day I met a friend who was wearig a very beautiful sweater. It had a lovely and 53 stitch (针法).
“Did you knit that sweater ?” I asked her.
“No,”she answered. “ It was done by a woman here in Paris.”
“ What an interesting stitch !” I continued.
My friend had an 54 . “The woman’s name is Mrs Vidian she learned the stitch in Armenia, her motherland.”
Suddenly a good idea 55 me. why not open my own house of fashion? Why not design, make and sell clothes? I would do it, and I would begin with a sweater.
| A . carried | B. got | C. took | D. brought |
| A. doubted | B. guessed | C. wondered | D. knew |
| A. saw | B. realized | C. noticed | D. observed |
| A. going | B. leading | C. turning | D. directing |
| A. path | B. method | C. road | D. way |
| A. why | B. which | C. where | D. when |
| A. attempt | B. experiment | C. manage | D. try |
| A. imagined | B. supposed | C. witnessed | D. understood |
| A. face | B. handle | C. settle | D. solve |
| A. approached | B. caught | C. followed | D. wasted |
| A. life | B. class | C. work | D. heart |
| A. seller | B. worker | C. teacher | D. designer |
| A. blocked | B. approved | C. passed | D. smoothed |
| A. comfort | B. intelligence | C. failure | D. success |
| A. country | B. attraction | C. centre | D. capital |
| A. designed | B. performed | C. recommended | D. chose |
| A. buried | B. occupied | C. absorbed | D. interested |
| A. unusual | B. perfect | C. ordinary | D. rough |
| A. reason | B. explanation | C. description | D. cause |
| A. thought | B. entered | C. came | D. struck |
An allergy (过敏反应) is a strong reaction to a substance. Many things can cause allergies. The most common cause is pollen (花粉), which is usually produced by trees in the spring, grasses in the summer and weeds in the fall, as part of their reproductive process.
Other causes include organisms, chemicals, plants and dead skin particles (微粒) from dogs and cats can also cause allergic reactions. So can insect stings and some food.
The most common kind of allergic reactions is itchy (痒的), watery eyes and a blocked or watery nose. Allergies can also cause red, itchy skin. Some reactions can be life-threatening, for example, when breathing passages become blocked.
It is not always easy to avoid allergies. Drugs may offer an effective treatment. Another treatment used in some cases is called immunotherapy (免疫疗法). A patient is injected with small amounts of the allergy-causing substance. The idea is that larger and larger amounts are given over time until the patient develops a resistance in his body.
In the United States, experts estimate that up to 8% of young children have food allergies. Every year these allergies cause about 30,000 cases with severe reactions that require immediate treatment. It can result in breathing trouble and in some cases death. It is said that about 100 to 200 people will die. It says most of the reactions are caused by peanuts and tree nuts like walnuts.
People can also be allergic to medicines. The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology says about 10% of bad reactions to commonly used medicines are allergic. In other words, a person’s immune system overreacts and produces an allergic reaction. The most common reactions include skin rashes (皮疹), itching, breathing problems and swelling in areas such as the face.
【小题1】 Allergies seldom occur in winter because ______.
| A．plants don’t flower in cold weather | B．people usually wear thick clothes |
| C．pollen is active below freezing point | D．the weather is not too cold for viruses |
| A．It is nothing serious. | B．One’s life is at risk. |
| C．One has to be sent to hospital. | D．One is sure to breathe easily. |
| A．take some medicines to produce antibodies |
| B．have immediate operations |
| C．be given the allergy-causing substance until he develops a resistance |
| D．be exposed to enough allergy-causing substances |
| A．The ABCs of Allergies | B．The Cause of Allergies |
| C．The Treatment of Allergies | D．The Prevention of Allergies |