题目内容

It will ________ a lot of courage to tell the truth．

A.
take
B.
spend
C.
pay
D.
cost

A
句意为“讲真话需要很大的勇气”。it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to tell the truth。

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相关题目

I hope they will finish the project in time, but they themselves are very_____ that it will.

A. certain B. confident C. doubtful D. suspicious

Flight Distance
Any observant people have noticed that a wild animal will allow a man or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it escapes. “Flight distance” is the terms used for this interspecies spacing. As a general rule, there is a positive relationship between the size of an animal and its flight distance --- the larger the animal, the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy. An antelope will escape when the enemy is as much as five hundred yards away. The wall lizard’s flight distance, on the other hand, is about six feet. Flight is the basic means of survival for mobile creatures.
Critical Distance
Critical distance apparently is present wherever and whenever there is a flight reaction. “Critical distance” includes the narrow zone separating flight distance from attack distance. A lion in a zoo will flee from an approaching man until it meets a barrier that it cannot overcome. If the man continues the approach, he soon penetrates（穿过，透过）the lion’s critical distance, at which point the cornered lion turns back and begins slowly stalk（逼近）the man.
Social Distance
Social animals need to stay in touch with each other. Loss of contact with the group can be fatal （致命的）for a variety of reasons including exposure to enemies. Social distance is not simply the distance at which an animal will lose contact with his group --- that is, the distance at which it can no longer see, hear, or smell the group --- it is rather a psychological distance, one at which the animal apparently begins to feel anxious when it goes beyond its limits. We can think of it as a hidden band that contains the group.
Social distance varies from species to species. It is quite short --- apparently only a few yards --- among some animals, and quite long among others.
Social distance is not always rigidly（刻板的）fixed but is determined in part by the situation. When the young of apes and humans are mobile but not yet under control of the mother’s voice, social distance may be the length of her reach. This is readily observed among baboons（狒狒）in a zoo. When the baby approaches a certain point, the mother reaches out to seize the end of its tail and pull it back to her. When added control is needed because of danger, social distance shortens. To show this in man, one has only to watch a family with a number of small children holding hands as they cross a busy street.
【小题1】Which of the following is the most suitable explanation to “Flight distance”?

A．Distance between animals of the same species before escaping.

B．Distance between large and small animals before escaping.

C．Distance between an animal and its enemy before escaping

D．Distance between certain animal species before escaping.

【小题2】If a lion’s critical distance is penetrated, it will ________

【小题3】The example of the children holding hands when crossing the street in the last paragraph shows that ________.

A．social distance is not always needed

B．there is no social distance among children

C．humans are different from animals in social distance

D．social distance is sometimes determined by outside factors

【小题4】Which of the following one can be the best title of the passage?

A．Critical Distance	B．Spacing in Animals
C．Relationship Between Animals	D．Psychological Distance

Flight Distance

Any observant people have noticed that a wild animal will allow a man or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it escapes. “Flight distance” is the terms used for this interspecies spacing. As a general rule, there is a positive relationship between the size of an animal and its flight distance --- the larger the animal, the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy. An antelope will escape when the enemy is as much as five hundred yards away. The wall lizard’s flight distance, on the other hand, is about six feet. Flight is the basic means of survival for mobile creatures.

Critical Distance

Critical distance apparently is present wherever and whenever there is a flight reaction. “Critical distance” includes the narrow zone separating flight distance from attack distance. A lion in a zoo will flee from an approaching man until it meets a barrier that it cannot overcome. If the man continues the approach, he soon penetrates（穿过，透过）the lion’s critical distance, at which point the cornered lion turns back and begins slowly stalk（逼近）the man.

Social Distance

Social animals need to stay in touch with each other. Loss of contact with the group can be fatal （致命的）for a variety of reasons including exposure to enemies. Social distance is not simply the distance at which an animal will lose contact with his group --- that is, the distance at which it can no longer see, hear, or smell the group --- it is rather a psychological distance, one at which the animal apparently begins to feel anxious when it goes beyond its limits. We can think of it as a hidden band that contains the group.

Social distance varies from species to species. It is quite short --- apparently only a few yards --- among some animals, and quite long among others.

Social distance is not always rigidly（刻板的）fixed but is determined in part by the situation. When the young of apes and humans are mobile but not yet under control of the mother’s voice, social distance may be the length of her reach. This is readily observed among baboons（狒狒）in a zoo. When the baby approaches a certain point, the mother reaches out to seize the end of its tail and pull it back to her. When added control is needed because of danger, social distance shortens. To show this in man, one has only to watch a family with a number of small children holding hands as they cross a busy street.

1.Which of the following is the most suitable explanation to “Flight distance”?

A．Distance between animals of the same species before escaping.

B．Distance between large and small animals before escaping.

C．Distance between an animal and its enemy before escaping

D．Distance between certain animal species before escaping.

2.If a lion’s critical distance is penetrated, it will ________

A．begin to attack

B．try to hide

C．begin to jump

D．run away

3.The example of the children holding hands when crossing the street in the last paragraph

shows that ________.

A．social distance is not always needed

B．there is no social distance among children

C．humans are different from animals in social distance

D．social distance is sometimes determined by outside factors

4.Which of the following one can be the best title of the passage?

A．Critical Distance	B．Spacing in Animals
C．Relationship Between Animals	D．Psychological Distance

Any observant person has noticed that a wild animal will allow a man or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it flees. “Flight distance” is the term used for this interspecies spacing. As a general rule, there is a positive relationship between the size of an animal and its flight distance—the larger the animal, the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy. An antelope will flee when the enemy is as much as five hundred yards away. The wall lizard’s(壁虎) flight distance, on the other hand, is about six feet. Flight is the basic means of survival for mobile creatures.

　 Critical distance apparently is present wherever and whenever there is a flight reaction. “Critical distance” includes the narrow zone separating flight distance from attack distance. A lion in a zoo will flee from an approaching man until it meets a barrier that it cannot overcome. If the man continues the approach, he soon penetrates(进入) the lion's critical distance, at which point the cornered lion turns back and begins slowly to stalk (逼近) the man.

　 Social animals need to stay in touch with each other. Loss of contact with the group can be fatal(致命的) for a variety of reasons including exposure to enemies. Social distance is not simply the distance at which an animal will lose contact with his group—that is, the distance at which it can no longer see, hear, or smell the group—it is rather a psychological distance, one at which the animal apparently begins to feel anxious when it goes beyond its limits.

Social distance is not always rigidly(刻板的) fixed but is determined in part by the situation. When the young of apes and humans are mobile but not yet under control of the mother's voice, social distance may be the length of her reach. When added control is needed because of danger, social distance shortens. To show this in man, one has only to watch a family with a number of small children holding hands as they cross a busy street.

1..

Which of the following is the correct explanation of “Flight Distance” in paragraph 1?

A. Distance between animals of the same species before fleeing.

B. Distance between large and small animals before fleeing.

C. Distance between an animal and its enemy before fleeing.

D. Distance between certain animal species before fleeing.

2..

If a lion’s critical distance is penetrated, it will __________.

A. begin to attack.

B. try to hide.

C. begin to jump.

D. run away.

3..

. The example of “children holding hands when crossing the street” in the last paragraph shows that ________.

A. social distance is not always needed.

B. there is no social distance among small children.

C. humans are different from animals in social distance.

D. social distance is sometimes determined by outside factors.

4..

. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A. Critical Distance

B. Social Distance

C. Relationship Between Animals

D. Spacing in Animals

Temperature is measured by means of a thermometer (温度计). One general form of thermometer depends upon the fact that most solids and liquids expand as their temperature rises. There are one or two exceptions. There is, for instance, a kind of steel called invar (from “invariable”) which does not change its dimensions as temperature changes; it is valuable for making pendulums (钟摆), since, if the length of a pendulum changes, its time of vibration changes. It is also used for making very accurate measuring scales. In both cases, then, changes of atmospheric temperature have no effect if invar is used.

Another exception is that very odd liquid, water, which has many strange properties (特性). As water gets colder it contracts (收缩), which is ordinary behavior, until it reaches the temperature of 30℃. above freezing point. After that, as it gets colder, it expands. This is fortunate---for considering the freezing of a pond. As the water on top gets colder, it shrinks; and so, volume for volume, it becomes heavier and sinks. This goes on until all the pond is at 30℃, but after that, as the water becomes colder it expands. Therefore the colder water stays on top and freezes, covering the pond with ice. If the water went on contracting down to the freezing point, the pond would become a solid block of ice in the end. This would not worry people who live in hot climates, but it would be very serious for those who live in cold climates, especially for those who want to break the ice and catch fish which live in the cold water beneath.

1. Invar is valuable for making pendulums because _______.

A. it can hardly change its shape or size as temperature changes.

B. it will change its dimensions without the change of temperature.

C. its time of vibration doesn’t change if its length changes.

D. its time of vibration does not change if its length changes.

2. As water gets colder after reaching the temperature of 30℃. it will _______.

A. contract B. shrink C. expand D. freeze

3. Which of the following statements is true, according to this passage?

A. Only invar can be used to make a thermometer.

B. Only water can be used to make a thermometer.

C. Both invar and water can be used to make a thermometer.

D. Neither invar nor water can be used to make a thermometer.

4.The best title of this passage is most likely to be _____.

A. Temperature Measurement B. Two Exceptions

C. Uses of Invar D. Properties of Water

It will ________ a lot of courage to tell the truth．

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