Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it’s easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:

﹡Schedule yearly exams. 1. Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.

﹡Protect against UV rays (紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses. 2.

﹡Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.  3.  Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.

4.  As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.

﹡Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隐形眼镜). Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.  5. Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.

A. Eat your greens.

B. Eye care should begin early in life.

C. They can properly protect your eyes.

D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.

E. Parents usually don’t care about their own eyesight.

F. Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear.

G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.

Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel’s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.

The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the catbegan to look ragged (蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.

The cat’s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin’s cousins, Mr.Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings (版画)by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. In 1747,when Benjamin was nine years old,Mr.Pennington returned for another visit .He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin’s parents if he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit.

In the city, Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape (风景) painting.Wiliams ,a well-known painter,came to see him work . Wiliams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home .The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little,having been a poor student. But he later said,”Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.”While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.

1.What is the text mainly about?

A. Benjamin’s visit to Philadelphia.

B. Williams’ influence on Benjamin.

C. The beginning of Benjamin’s life as an artist.

D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.

2.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?

A. The cat would be closely watched.

B. The cat would get some medical care.

C. Benjamin would leave his home shortly.

D. Benjamin would have real brushes soon.

3.What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?

A. He took him to see painting exhibitions.

B. He provided him with painting materials.

C. He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.

D. He taught him how to make engravings.

4.Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to ________.

A. master the use of paints

B. appreciate landscape paintings

C. get to know other painters

D. make up his mind to be a painter

With more than 100,000 people aged 100 or over, Spain is the country with the greatest life expectancy after Japan. How do you live to 100? Here 4 of the country’s centenarians (百岁老人) give their advice on staying youthful.

Francisco Nunez, 112

He is from Bienvenida, Badajoz, southern Spain. Nunez lives with his daughter. He says he doesn’t like the pensioners’ (领养老金的人) daycare center because it’s full of old people, whose negative attitude towards life affects him deeply sometimes. Despite his old age. he has always maintained (保持) a youthful outlook, and that is what has kept him going on.

Pedro Rodriguez, 106

He lives in Cangas de Onis, Asturias, northern Spain. Rodriguez plays the piano every day in the living room of the flat where he lives with his wife who is nearly 20 years younger than him. Their daughters visit them often. His hobby is something that he feels has kept him young. “The nuns (修女) taught me how to play the piano as a child,” he says.

Maximino San Miguel, 102

He lives in Leon, northern Spain. San Miguel discovered his passion (酷爱) for amateur dramatics at the age of 80 and has participated in many local productions. He didn’t go to school as a child because he was sent to work as a shepherd (牧羊人). He prefers reading books about drawing and travelling. Now this hobby, he said, has kept him full of energy.

Pilar Fernandez, 101

She lives with her daughter Pili, granddaughters Flori and Ana in Ambas, Asturias, northern Spain. Fernandez suffered hunger and hardship during the war years alongside her nine brothers and sisters. To avoid history repeating itself, she limited herself to just one child. “From pure fear, I didn’t have anymore,” says Fernandez. One of the best things for her health, she says, is tending livestock (家畜) and a vegetable garden.

1.Why does Francisco Nunez dislike living with other old people?

A. They may depend on his help.

B. He is sensitive to his old age.

C. They may affect his attitude to life.

D. He has more kids to look after at home.

2.What does Maximino San Miguel want to do most in his life now?

A. Working as a shepherd. B. Reading books.

C. Taking up painting. D. Going travelling.

3.What benefits her health according to Pilar Fernandez?

A. Doing gardening. B. Learning history.

C. Living with kids. D. Having more children.

4.What can we infer about the four old people from the text?

A. They are fond of exercising regularly.

B. They led a hard life when they were young.

C. They have the same hobbies in their free time.

D. They have their own method of staying youthful.

Hip hop or rap (说唱 ) music as it is also called, started on the street and in the clubs of the New York City in the 1970s . But today many countries have their own kind of hip hop music . This kind of music comes from reggae, disco and funk music . Rapping means speaking to the rhythm of the music, and it is an important part of the music . People rap to express how they feel about their lives and problems.

Rapping in class.

Would you like to rap in class? Well actually, hip pop music is played in more than 10,000 schools in the USA .Why ? There is a new school program called “Flocabulary ”in which teachers use texts and hip hop CDs to help teach different school subjects . The words of the songs are just what students are studying . This makes learning easy and fun . Students and teachers are excited about the positive results it has had on exam marks. One teacher said, “ I’ve used hip hop songs in class, and I have never seen my students so crazy about history ! You can't imagine how well they imagine how well they remember what I teach ! We even try to write our own songs . ”

Whose idea was Flocabulary?

Blake Harrison, a high school student, was the first person to come up with the idea of Flocabulary . The word “ Flocabulary ” comes from the word “ flow ” and “ vocabulary ” . “ Flow ” is a rap word for “ style ”,or the way a rapper says the words of a song . “ Vocabulary ” means the words you have to learn in a language . How did he get the idea ? Well, he realized he could remember the words of a hip hop song very easily . So, why not make lessons into songs? Today together with Alex Rappaport, a song writer, Blake produces hip hop songs for maths, science and literature (文学 ). They are now used in schools with great success.

1.Rap music started ________ in New York city .

A. in the 1970s B. In a high school

C. in the 19 th century . D. In a music class .

2.From the passage, we can learn “Flocabulary ” is a program to ________.

A. Write rap music B. Sing a song by talking

C. Remember the words of a song D. help teach some school subjects

3.The underlined word “positive” in paragraph 2 most probably means ________.

A. bad B. good

C. final D. direct

4.Blake Harrison has produced hip hop songs for school subject EXCEPT ________.

A. maths B. science

C. history D. literature

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