题目内容

The Mayan Indians lived in Mexico for thousands of years. The Maya were so bright that they achieved a lot. They had farms, temples and cities with many buildings. They knew much about nature and the world around them. This knowledge helped them to live a better life than most people of that time.
In ancient Mexico there were many small clearings in the forest. In each clearing was a village with fields of crops around it. The Maya planted seeds after they cleared the land. A farmer was able to grow crops that produced for several people. But not every Maya had to be a farmer. Some were builders or priests (祭司).
The Maya believed in many gods. They built large temples to honor them. Skillful workers built cities around these temples. It was difficult because they had to carry all of the building materials themselves. Today, many of these ancient Mayan cities and temples are still standing.
Although the Maya worked hard to build the beautiful cities, very few of them lived in them. Usually, only the priests lived in the cities. The other people lived in small villages in the forests. Their houses were much simpler. Most Maya lived a simple life close to nature.
Measuring time correctly was important to the Maya, so Mayan priests made a system to keep track of time. They wrote numbers as dots ( … ) and bars ( — ). They also made a calendar (日历). The year was divided into 18 months of 20 days each with five days left over.
Around the year 800, the Maya left their villages and beautiful cities, never to return. No one knows why this happened. They may have died from a deadly disease. They may have left because the soil could no longer grow crops. The lost secrets of the Maya are still beyond the reach of modern people. They are still one of our greatest mysteries (神秘).
【小题1】The Maya lived better than most people of their times because _____.

A.they had skillful workers
B.they believed in many gods
C.they knew better about nature
D.they could measure time correctly
【小题2】It can be inferred from the passage that _____.
A.the calendar was first invented by the ancient Maya
B.the ancient Mayan cities and temples were well built
C.the ancient Mayan people led a happy life in the cities
D.the priests were not highly respected by the ancient Maya
【小题3】The underlined word “they” in the passage refers to _____.
A.the Mayan peopleB.the Mayan villages
C.the Mayan citiesD.the lost secrets of the Maya
【小题4】Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A.The Life of the MayaB.The Cities of the Maya
C.The Mystery of the MayaD.The Belief of the Maya


【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】D
【小题4】C

解析试题分析:本文主要介绍神秘的玛雅人的生活,信仰等,从而说明神秘的玛雅人。
【小题1】 从第一段 They knew much about nature and the world around them. This knowledge helped them to live a better life than most people of that time可知与C答案一致。
【小题2】从第三段最后一行Today, many of these ancient Mayan cities and temples are still standing说明古玛雅的城市和寺庙很坚固,建筑的非常好。
【小题3】承前指代,they 指的是前一句提到的玛雅人的失踪之谜,故选D
【小题4】纵观全文,分别介绍了玛雅人的生活,城市,信仰等都是为了说明玛雅人的神秘,故C答案是正确的,ABD都只是说明玛雅人的神秘的例子而已。
考点:说明文。
点评:本文主要介绍神秘的玛雅人。文章所设试题主要考察细节查找,做题关键是找出原文的根据,认真核查题支和原文的异同,常犯错误有:绝对化语言,范围扩大或缩小,以偏概全,张冠李戴等。

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December 21, 2012 marks the completion of the 5,125 year Great Cycle of the Ancient Maya Long Count Calendar.

Rather than being an end-point, this cycle that is closing is naturally I followed by the start of a new cycle. What this new cycle has in store for humanity is a mystery that has yet to unfold...

The recent 2012 movie serves to alert a targeted 140 million people, in case they too haven't already heard the news. Unfortunately, however, the movie does a disservice because it distorts the message of this ancient prophecy (预言) by associating it with fear and destruction, as described by the movie's global disaster scenario (场景), rather than the themes of transformation and renewal the prophecy is actually based on.

In other words, the global scenario of the 2012 movie is not based on any facts. As Emmerich clarifies,“We only used the fact that the Mayan calendar ends. That gave us the year.” Emmerich said after checking out the range of 2012 books on Amazon, he realized, “...there are so many (theories) that, in a way, you can just create your own.” He shares that “2012” was tacked on as a title to his disaster movie because it is something “people believe” and it made the movie seem more “real.”

Interestingly, Emmerich's underlying motivation for the movie seems to be genuine concern about the course we are all on as modern society. As he states, “I hope we are not ruining our planet. I really believe that, if we keep going and doing what we are doing, we will not be leaving the planet how it should be, for our kids. That has been going on for generations. It just very sad to see and read the news, every day, and see what these people are fighting over. It's like they don't  understand that the clock is ticking.”

6. According to the Ancient Maya Long Count Calendar, December 21,2012 is the day on which ________.

A. the world will end with many disasters

B. the old age will end and a new one will begin

C. there will be a world flood

D. the world can survive many disasters

7. Which of the following is TRUE about the movie 2012?

A. It is intended to explore what is in store in the new cycle.

B. It tells us about the Ancient Maya Long Count Calendar as it is.

C. It is just based on the director's ideas.

D. It describes the ancient prophecy vividly.

8. What Emmerich says suggests that ________.

A. he is quite concerned about the present situation on the earth

B. he is regretful that people have misunderstood his movie

C. he himself believes what is described in the movie

D. he just wants to attract viewers by the disaster scenario

9. By this passage, the author intends to ________.

A. tell us about what the movie 2012 is all about

B. help the director to promote his film

C. tell us what we should learn from the movie 2012

D. explain whether we can trust the ancient prophecy

10. The underlined word “distort” in the third paragraph probably means ________.

A. change something in a wrong way

B. convey the original meaning

C. describe something clearly

D. give more proof to something


B
The world is not coming to an end on December 21, 2012, the US space agency insisted Monday in a rare campaign to dispel widespread rumors fueled by the Internet and a new Hollywood movie.
The latest big screen offering from Sony Picture, 2012, arrives in theaters on Friday, with a 200-million-dollar production about the end of the world supposedly based on myths backed by the Mayan calendar.It is claimed that the end of time will come as a Planet X---or Nibiru---heads toward or collides with the Earth.
Some websites accuse NASA of hiding the truth on the planet’s existence, but the US space agency condemned such stories as an “Internet hoax”.“There is no factual basis for these claims,” NASA said in a question-and-anwser posting on this website.“If such a collision were real, astronomers would have been tracking it for at least the past decade, and it would be visible by now to the naked eye.Obviously, it does not exist.Credible scientists worldwide know of no threat associated with 2012,” it insisted.“After all, our planet has been getting along just well for more than four billion years,” added NASA.
There is another planet, Eris, floating in space.But the small planet similar to Pluto will remain safely fixed in the outer solar system and it can come no closer than four billion miles to the Earth, according to NASA.
Earlier theories set the disaster for May 2003, but when nothing happened the date was moved forward to the winter in 2012 to coincide with the end of a cycle of the ancient Mayan calendar.
NASA insisted the Mayan calendar in fact does not end on December 21, 2012, as another period begins immediately afterward.
And even if the planets were to line up as some have forecast, the effect on our planet would be “negligible(unimportant)”, NASA said.
“And while comets and asteroids (小行星) have always hit the Earth, big hits are very rare,” NASA noted.The last major impact was believed to be 65 million years ago, resulting in the end of dinosaurs.
“We have already determined that there are no threatening asteroids as large as the one that killed the dinosaurs,” the space agency said.
49.______ played a key role in the spread of the rumors.
A.A new book               B.The Internet and a new Hollywood movie
C.NASA                   D.An Indian calendar
50.We can infer that ______.
A.people didn’t take the rumor seriously
B.Planet X --- or Nibiru does exist
C.astronomers have been tracking Planet X for over ten years
D.the rumor caused a panic among some people
51.NASA thinks that Eris ______.
A.might have a threat to the Earth     B.doesn’t have any threat to the Earth
C.is too far away to be visible       D.is similar to our planet, where life might exist
52.Which of the following is the best title?
A.New Hollywood movie 2012
B.December 21, 2012, Not the end of the world
C.End of the ancient Mayan calendar
D.How rumors came into being

The world is not coming to an end on December 21st, 2012, the US space agency announced to dispel (消除)widespread rumors fueled by the Internet and a new Hollywood movie.
The latest big screen 2012 was based on stories according to the Mayan calendar.It showed that by the end of 2012, a Planet X will collide (碰撞) with the earth.
Some websites accuse NASA of hiding the truth on the planet's existence, but the US space agency considered such stories as tricks."There is no basis in fact for these claims," NASA said in its website."If such a collision were real, scientists would have been tracking it for at least the last decade, and we would see it with our eyes now.Obviously, it doesn't exist and there will be no threat to the earth in 2012," it insisted."After all, our planet has been getting along just well for more than four billion years," added NASA.
There is another planet, Eris, floating in space.But the small planet will remain safely fixed in the outer solar system and it can come no closer than four billion miles to the earth, according to NASA.
And even if the planets were to line up as some have forecast, the effect on our plant would be very little."And while comets and asteroids (小行星) have always hit the earth, big hits are very rare," NASA noted.The last major collision was believed to be 65 million years ago, resulting the end of dinosaurs (恐龙).
"We are sure that there are no threatening asteroids as large as the one that killed the dinosaurs," the space agency said.
【小题1】What played a key role in the spread of the rumors?

A.The Internet and the film 2012.B.The Mayan calendar.
C.The US space agency.D.The television screen.
【小题2】The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 probably refers to _________.
A.the collisionB.the threatC.the Planet XD.the NASA website
【小题3】We can conclude from the passage that __________.
A.the film 2012 is well accepted in the science field
B.scientists have been tracking Planet X for over ten years
C.the earth will exist for more than four billion years
D.the rumors caused a panic among some people
【小题4】What do we know about Eris according to the passage?
A.It doesn't exist in the universe.
B.It won't threaten the earth.
C.It is too far to be seen.
D.It is similar to the earth.

 

The announcements by the NASA,in the form of several Web site postings and a video posted on YouTube,were in response to worries that the world will end on Dec.21,2012.

The doomsday(末日) rumour reached a high point with the release of the new movie “2012”,directed by Roland Emmerich.In the movie,Yellowstone blows up, showering the continent with black ash.Tidal waves wash over the Himalayas,where the governments of the planet have secretly built a ship which a select 400,000 people can ride out the storm.There are hundreds of hooks devoted to 2012,and millions of Web sites,depending on what combination of“2012”and“doomsday”you type into Google.All of it,astronomers say, is nonsense.“Most of what's claimed for 2012 relies on wishful thinking and ignorance of astronomy.”Ed Krupp, an expert on ancient astronomy,wrote in an article in the November issue of Sky&Telescope.

“I get angry at the way people are being influenced and frightened to make money,” Morrison said.“There is no right to frighten children to make a buck.”suggested David Morrison,an astronomer at the NASA Ames Research Center in Moffett Field,Calif.He said he had been getting about 20 letters and e—mail messages a day from people as far away as India scared out of their wits.Morrison said he did not blame the movie for all this,as much as many other supporters of the Mayan prediction.But then,he said,“my doctorate is in astronomy,not psychology.”

In an e—mail exchange, Krupp said:“We are always uncertain about the future,and we always consume representations of it.We are always attracted by the romance of the ancient past.”A NASA spokesman,Dwayne Brown,said the agency did not comment on movies,leaving that to movie critics.But when it comes to science, Brown said, “we felt it was careful to provide a resource.”

If you want to worry,most scientists say,you should think about global climate change or nuclear war.But if ancient prophecies(预言)get you going,here are some things Morrison and the others think you should know.

64.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Dr.Morrison blamed the Movie“2011”for the panic it aroused in the public around the world.

B.People who watched the movie were seared and firmly believed that the end of the world was coming.

C.In terms of science it was better to provide evidence and theory at the same time.

D.Dr.Morrison thought it was not right to make money by frightening people.

65.It can be inferred from the text that         .

A.astronomers think that doomsday is likely to happen in the near future

B.the reason why the NASA posted web site postings was to make people interested in astronomy

C.scientists think we shouldn't worry about doomsday but show concern about environment protection

D.most astronomers agree that the world is not ending—at least anytime soon

66.Which of the following would be the best title?

A.A New Movie“2012”             B.Is Doomsday Coming?

C.End-of-the-World Stories          D.Astronomers Comment on Movies

67.What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A.Evidence that the Mayans thought something special would happen in 2012.

B.What will really happen in 2012.

C.The reason why there is no need to worry about doomsday.

D.Ancient stories about the end of the world.

 

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