Disease puts extra on the family. 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Disease puts extra （压力）on the family.

pressure

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Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.

On November 2nd San Francisco became the first major US city to pass a law on controlling give-away toys with unhealthy restaurant meals marketed at kids.

______law will take effect on December 1， 2011. It is required that kids’ meals

meet certain nutritional standards they can be sold with free toys.

McDonald’s officials were angry with the decision， effectively bans their popular Happy Meals.

But supporters say aims to promote healthy habits while combating child obesity(肥胖). “This is a challenge to the restaurant industry to think about children’s health first，” said San Francisco Supervisor Eric Mar.

About 15 percent of American are overweight or obese， which puts them risk of developing heart disease， cancer， etc. In some states， the childhood obesity rate is over 30 percent.

McDonald’s started to sell the Happy Meals in 1979 with toys. In 2006， fast-food companies spent more than $520 million on advertising and toys to promote meals children， according to the US government.

Why do parents deny their kids’ weight?
Experts in childhood nutrition aren’t surprised by an investigation this summer that shows 50％of parents who have overweight children don’t realize their children Weigh too much．Many parents deny their children’s weight because they don’t want to have to change their own eating and exercise habits，says Keith Ayoob, a doctor who works with overweight children and their families in New York City．
Parents frequently ask him whether their children have a thyroid(甲状腺) problem, but that’s rarely the case．“1t’s usually a dietary(有关饮食的) and lifestyle issue．It’s very difficult for parents to deal with their own food issues，”Ayoob says．An estimated 25 million children in the USA are overweight, which puts them at risk of developing diabetes(糖尿病), high blood Pressure and other health problems．A Consumer Reports magazine investigation released on July 25，2009 of 3．048 parents who have children aged 5 to 17 found that 91% say childhood obesity (肥胖) is a problem in the USA．
Only 36％of the parents with heavy children say their family doctors have suggested their children lose weight；the other 64％say the doctors didn’t mention it．“Many parents simply don’t realize their children are overweight．”says Keith Ayoob．“The doctors never told them．Other kids in the class look like their children．and their kids seem pretty healthy．”he says．
He has parents go to the calculator on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website to figure out whether their children are too heavy．
【小题1】Why do many parents fail to admit their children are overweight?

A．Because they think it a shame to be overweight.

B．Because they want to keep their own eating and exercise habits.

C．Bec

ause they want to change their own eating and exercise habits．

D．Because they want their children to have more nutrition．

【小题2】What is the probable cause of childhood obesity?

A．Thyroid problem．	B．High blood pressure．
C．Dietary and lifestyle habit．	D．Diabetes．

【小题3】It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that the family doctors’ advice ．

A．has no influence on many parents

B．has much influence on many parents

C．has little influence on many parents

D．is totally accepted by many parents

【小题4】What advice does Keith Ayoob give to parents?

A．He advises that parents should go and ask their family doctors in person．

B．He advises that the children should have a medical examination regularly．

C．He advises that school should force the children to eat less and exercise more．

D．He advises parents to go to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for the information．

Dan Bebber is a senior research fellow at the University of Exeter in Britain. He says research has shown that wild plants and animals are moving toward Earth's North and South poles as the planet warms.

Mr Bebber wanted to know if the same thing was happening with organisms that attack agricultural crops. He examined reports of first sightings of new insects and diseases around the world. The records came from CABI - the Centre for Agricultural Bioscience International. He says the group began collecting information from developing and industrialized countries years ago.

Dan Bebber and his research team studied 612 different organisms - from viruses and bacteria to insects like beetles and butterflies. They found that since 1960, crop pests and diseases have been moving toward the poles at an average rate of about 3 kilometers each year. Mr Bebber says this puts the most productive farmland in the world in danger.

"As new species of pests and diseases evolve and potentially the environment for them becomes more amenable at higher latitudes, the pressure on the breadbaskets of the world is going to increase."

Farmers face other threats. Invasive species passed through trade are also causing problems. Gene Kritsky is an Entomologist at the College of Mount St. Joseph in Ohio. He specialises in the study of insects. He says climate change may improve conditions for some invasive species.

“It means that species in other parts of the world that might do well in warmer temperatures can now do well in the breadbasket of America.”

Another Entomologist Christian Krupke of Purdue University says the effects of these changes will depend very much on the crop, the insect and the disease. But he says the research is a warning sign that people should care about climate change and do something about it.

1.The purpose of Dan Bebber’s research was to find ______.

A. if farmland could be moved to colder places thanks to global warming

B. if diseases and insects harmful to crops were going towards colder areas

C. if organisms were moving to the north and south poles

D. if the number of crop pests was increasing

2.According to Dan Bebber, if crop pests keep moving towards the poles, ______.

A. it will be hard for farmers to kill them

B. the most productive farmland will produce more crops

C. the earth will not produce enough food to support the world

D. the conditions for some crops may be improved

3.Which of the following is not a threat that farmers have to face?

A. Climate change helps crop pests to adapt to new environment.

B. Foreign species are brought in by trade.

C. Invasive species doing well in warmer places might do well in America.

D. The impacts of the climate and species changes on crops are not easy to determine.

4.The underlined word “amenable” in the fourth paragraph most probably means ______.

A. agreeable B. terrible C. unfriendly D. changeable

The malls were filled with people seeking gifts for their loved ones. Some of the malls remained open around the clock, partly to satisfy our needs to buy gifts.

Behind the materialistic aspect of shopping for gifts lies the idea of caring, being attentive to the desires of special people in our lives. However, to use a well-worn play on words: it is our presence, not our presents, that truly counts. Many of us, unfortunately, can be so inattentive, even in the presence of our loved ones, that we might as well not be there at all.

Attention is one of the greatest gifts we can give each other. Companies around the globe spend billions every year on advertising to catch our attention for just a short moment at a time. Whole industries – media, entertainment, education – rely on the precious gift of our attention for their continued existence. A baby lacking attention for a long time is likely to he psychologically unhealthy.

In earlier times, both diet and attention could be left unregulated without major cause for concern. There were natural checks and balances: limited availability of food meant few got fat, for example. Similarly, in bygone times we might have spent a few hours communicating with the village storyteller, today, watching an entire TV series, while speaking to nobody, is common. In traditional societies, with smaller population, everyone would get a fair deal of attention. On many issues we might go to see Grandma or Grandpa; now we have Google and Wikipedia.

“She just wants attention.” people tend to think little of those doing things simply for attention. But the truth is that human beings need attention, and giving attention to each other is, to a large extent, what human civilization is based upon. This perhaps explains the runaway success（一举成功）of social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook. While we use such sites for “micro blogging”, “idea voicing” and “status updates” – the reality is that we are often doing no more or less than fulfilling our basic human drive for attention exchange.

I friend you, you friend me, I retweet you, you retweet me. The charming case with which we can now get and give attention is why many people appear overly attached to their smartphones. It is also a vicious（恶性）circle. As ever more people are busy exchanging attention online, there is increasingly less attention to be paid in the real world, which forces more people to seek their attention exchange online, or else risk attention-starvation.

The very nature of attention exchange is being rapidly transformed, and there is a danger that some of us will develop unhealthy practices. Just as eating red meat every day is a bad idea, so it is with too much attention exchange. The biological consequences of our technological advancement in food production are highly visible; heart disease, diabetes and obesity. The consequences of our transformed attention exchanges will be psychological and social, and so may take longer to identify, but they will be equally damaging.

Face-to-face attention is becoming rarer, and therefore more valuable. In a sense it is priceless. And it is a gift that can be given all-year-round.

1.In the first two paragraphs the author .

A．offers advice to attention givers B．analyses the present problems

C．states the necessity of presents D．puts forward his point of view

2.People use social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook to .

A．obtain information B．give attention to others

C．voice their opinions D．notice and get noticed

3.Attention exchange was not a major concern in traditional societies because of .

A．limited availability of food B．natural checks and balances

C．a much smaller population D．the guidance from old people

4.What can we infer from Paragraph 6-7?

A．More people will risk attention-starvation in future.

B．The nature of attention exchange is rarely changed.

C．Technological advancement contributes to all diseases.

D．Transformed attention exchanges do harm to society.

5.The writer’s purpose for writing the passage is to .

A．advocate more focus on real life attention

B．analyze the necessity of attention giving

C．give practical tips on attention exchange

D．recommend some social networking sites

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