题目内容
20.If you were to come up with a list of organizations whose failures had done the most damage to the American economy (经济) in recent years,you would probably have to start with the Wall Street firms that brought us the financial crisis (金融危机).From there,you might move on to the automakers in Detroit.But I would suggest that the list should also include a less obvious nominee (被提名者):public education.
At its top level,the American system of higher education may be the best in the world.Yet in terms of its main task-turning teenagers into educated college graduates-much of the system is failing.
The United States does a good job enrolling (招生) teenagers in college,but only half of the students who enroll end up with a bachelor's degree.
So finding out the causes of the college dropout crisis in the world's largest economy matters greatly,and a new book called"Crossing the Finish Line"tries to do precisely that.Its authors are economists William Bowen and Michael McPherson,and a doctoral candidate Matthew Chingos.The first problem they discover is something they call under-matching.It refers to students who choose not to attend the best college they can get into.They instead go to a less selective one,perhaps one that is closer to home or less expensive.About half of the low-income students with a grade-point average of at least 3.5in high school and an SAT score of at least 1,200do not attend the best college they could have."I was really astonished by the degree to which well-qualified students from poor families under-matched,"said Mr.Bowen.
In fact,well-off students attend the colleges that do the best job of producing graduates.Meanwhile,lower-income students-even when they are better qualified-often go to colleges that excel (擅长) in producing drop-outs."It's really a waste,"Mr.Bowen said,"and a big problem for the country."As the authors point out,the only way to lift the college graduation rate greatly is to lift it among poor and working-class students.Instead,it appears to have fallen.
What can be done?Money is clearly part of the answer.
49.According to this text,which of the following would people first think of as a factor causing damage to the American economy?D
A.The government. B.Public education.
C.The Detroit automakers. D.The Wall Street firms.
50.What is a big problem with American higher education?C
A.Many college students stay away from classes.
B.It is hard to enroll enough students into college.
C.Many colleges are experiencing low rate of graduation.
D.It is hard for many colleges to get financial aid from the government.
51.Why do some students under-match?B
A.Because they are not sure about future.
B.Because they have financial problem.
C.Because they can't get guidance.
D.Because they lack confidence.
52.The text is mainly aboutC.
A.America's financial crisis,its cause and influence
B.relationship between American education and its economy
C.low rate of American college graduation,its cause and its influence
D.problems with American secondary education and possible solutions.
分析 本文是一篇说明文,主要分析了有关美国大学的毕业率低的现象及其原因和影响.如果提出近几年来其失败对美国经济造成巨大的损害的一连串的组织,你或许会从带给我们财务危机的华尔街公司开始.从那里你可能会转移至底特律的汽车制造商. 美国在学院招收学生方面做的很好,但是只有一半登记入学的拿到了学士学位.经济学家们发现的问题是大学生教育的低匹配率,低收入且成绩较好的学生常会选择一些会产生辍学的大学,解决大学生低毕业率问题的唯一办法是提高贫困学生和工人阶级学生的毕业率.出现教育低匹配率的根源是学生家庭条件的限制.
解答 49.D 细节理解题.根据第一段中"If you were to come up with a list of organizations whose failures had done the most damage to the American economy (经济) in recent years,you would probably have to start with the Wall Street firms that brought us the financial crisis"可知,如果你提出近几年来其失败对美国经济造成巨大的损害的一连串的组织,你或许会从带给我们财务危机的华尔街公司开始,故选D.
50.C 推理判断题.根据第五段和第六段中的"…I was really astonished by the degree to which well-qualified students from poor families under-matched.the only way to lift the college graduation rate greatly is to lift it among poor and working-class students.…Instead,it appears to have fallen"可知,经济学家们认为发现的问题是大学生教育的低匹配率,低收入且成绩较好的学生常会选择一些会产生辍学的大学,解决大学生低毕业率问题的唯一办法是提高贫困学生和工人阶级学生的毕业率,故选C.
51.B 细节理解题.根据第五段中的"The first problem they discover is something they call under-matching.It refers to students who choose not to attend the best college they can get into.They instead go to a less selective one,perhaps one that is closer to home or less expensive.About half of the low-income students with a grade-point average of at least 3.5in high school and an SAT score of at least 1,200do not attend the best college they could have"可知,出现教育低匹配率的根源是学生家庭条件的限制,因此B项符合语境,故选B.
52.C 主旨大意题.纵观全文可知,本文主要讲述的是美国大学的毕业率低,分析了原因和影响,故选C.
点评 解答细节理解题时,一个常用的方法就是运用定位法,即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子,与选项进行比较从而确定答案;推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思,又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断,力求从作者的角度去考虑,不要固守自己的看法或观点.

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A. | so do you | B. | so have you | C. | so you do | D. | so you have |
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A. | probable | B. | sure | C. | likely | D. | possible |
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A. | congratulate | B. | remind | C. | remember | D. | observe |
A. | special | B. | particular | C. | specific | D. | positive |