题目内容
BALTIMORE – When 15–year–old Michael Thomas left home for school last May, he couldn’t have been prouder. On his feet, thanks to his mother’s hard work, were a pair of new Air Jordans — ＄ 100 worth of leather, rubber and status（身份）that to today’s youth are the Mercedes – Benz of athletic footwear.
The next day it was James David Martin, 17, who was walking down the street in Thomas’ new sneakers, while Thomas lay dead in a field not far from his school. Martin was arrested for murder.
For the Baltimore school system, Thomas’ death was the last straw. He was the third youngster to have been killed over his clothes in five years. Dozens of others had been robbed of name brand sneakers, designer jogging suits, leather jackets and jewelry. This fall, the school board announced a dress code（规定）preventing leather skirts and jackets, jogging suits, gold chains and other expensive items.
Clothes, said board president Joseph Smith, had just gotten out of hand.
Across the nation, parents, school officials, psychologists and even some children agree.
They say that today’s youngsters, throughout the nation, have become clothes fixated（专注）.They worry about them, compete over them, ignore school for them and sometimes even rob and kill for them.
In many cases, students are so concerned about what they and their classmates are wearing, they forget what they come to school for, educators said.
In response, many public schools, mainly in Eastern cities, have adopted school uniforms to cut down on competition. Educators say, in the current fashion climate, dressing students alike allows them more freedom to be individuals.
1．Why was Michael so proud of himself?
A．His hard – working mother earned a lot of money.
B．He wore expensive clothes worth ＄100.
C．He was in a pair of name brand shoes.
D．He was good at playing basketball.
2．Martin was arrested for .
A．killing Thomas B．robbing several students
C．stealing expensive things D．murdering three people for their clothes
3．By saying “Clothes had just gotten out of hand”, the board president meant clothes were
.
A．the target of robbery B．thrown away soon
C．hard to control D．easily worn out
4．According to the text, adopting school uniforms means to .
A．have students wear ordinary clothes B．make students more competitive
C．keep students less clothes focused D．dress students all alike
CACC
By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns(酒馆), and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half of the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor (前身) of the modern fridge, had been invented.
Making an efficient icebox as not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary(未发展的). The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping up the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation(绝缘) and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, and ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price(高价) for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.
【小题1】Where was ice used after the Civil War?
| A．In refrigerating freight cars and households. |
| B．In hotels, taverns and hospitals |
| C．In families of New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore. |
| D．In fresh meat, fish and butter by city dealers. |
| A．Keeping the ice from melting |
| B．Knowledge of the physics of heat. |
| C．Balance of insulation and circulation |
| D．Making efforts to reduce the use of ice |
| A．the deveopment of icebox |
| B．the theoretical foundation of icebox |
| C．the wrong ideas about icebox |
| D．the way of using icebox |
| A．Thomas Moore is the inventor of modern fridge |
| B．The butter produced by Thomas Moored is better in quality than other famers’ |
| C．Knowledge of the physics of heat plays an important part in inventing a good icebox |
| D．Before 1880, most of the sold ice was used for family use. |
| A．to sell their produce at high price |
| B．to go home earlier |
| C．to keep their produce fresh |
| D．to win more customers than their competitors |
Each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educators call the summer learning gap. Some call it the summer learning setback. Simply speaking, it means the longer kids are out of school, the more they forget. The only thing they might gain is weight.
Most American schools follow a traditional nine-month calendar. Students get winter and spring breaks and about ten weeks of summer vacation. Some schools follow a year-round calendar. They hold classes for about eight weeks at a time, with a few weeks off in between. The National Association for Year-Round Education says there were fewer than three thousand such schools at last count. They were spread among forty-six of the fifty states.
But many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school. Lead researcher Paul von Hippel said, "Year-round schools don't really solve the problem of the summer learning setback. They simply spread it out across the year."
Across the country, research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students. Experts say this can be prevented. They note that many schools and local governments offer programs that can help.
But calling them "summer school" could be a problem. The director of the summer learning center at Johns Hopkins, Ron Fairchild, said research with groups of different parents in Chicago and Baltimore found that almost all strongly disliked the term summer school”. In American culture, the idea of summer vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood. The parents welcomed other terms like "summer camp," "enrichment," "extra time" and "hands-on learning."
1.According to the first paragraph the summer learning gap .
|
A．helps children to gain weight |
|
B．leads children to work harder |
|
C．improves children’s memories |
|
D．affects children’s regular studies |
2.Compared to traditional schools, students in the year-round ones .
|
A．perform better and have more learning gains |
|
B．have much less time for relaxation every year |
|
C．have generally the same number of class days |
|
D．hold more classes with more free weeks off |
3.Which of the following statements is true?
|
A．Students from poor families often fall behind after the vacation. |
|
B．Year-round schools can solve the problem of the learning gap. |
|
C．There are schools in each state following a year-round calendar. |
|
D．Nothing can help the students who fall behind after the vocation. |
4.Why did almost all parents dislike the term “summer school”?
|
A．They cherish the children’s rights of freedom very much. |
|
B．They are worried about the quality of the “summer school”. |
|
C．They want their children to be forced to make up the gap. |
|
D．They can’t afford to the further study during vacation. |
5.What would be the best title of this passage?
|
A．Opening Summer Camps |
|
B．Forbidding Summer Schools |
|
C．Spreading Year-Round Education |
|
D．Minding the Summer Learning Cap |
Each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educators call the summer learning gap. Some call it the summer learning setback. Simply speaking, it means the longer kids are out of school, the more they forget. The only thing they might gain is weight.
Most American schools follow a traditional nine-month calendar. Students get winter and spring breaks and about ten weeks of summer vacation. Some schools follow a year-round calendar. They hold classes for about eight weeks at a time, with a few weeks off in between. The National Association for Year-Round Education says there were fewer than three thousand such schools at last count. They were spread among forty-six of the fifty states.
But many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school. Lead researcher Paul von Hippel said, "Year-round schools don't really solve the problem of the summer learning setback. They simply spread it out across the year."
Across the country, research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students. Experts say this can be prevented. They note that many schools and local governments offer programs that can help.
But calling them "summer school" could be a problem. The director of the summer learning center at Johns Hopkins, Ron Fairchild, said research with groups of different parents in Chicago and Baltimore found that almost all strongly disliked the term summer school”. In American culture, the idea of summer vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood. The parents welcomed other terms like "summer camp," "enrichment," "extra time" and "hands-on learning."
1.According to the first paragraph the summer learning gap .
|
A．helps children to gain weight |
|
B．leads children to work harder |
|
C．improves children’s memories |
|
D．affects children’s regular studies |
2.Compared to traditional schools, students in the year-round ones .
|
A．perform better and have more learning gains |
|
B．have much less time for relaxation every year |
|
C．have generally the same number of class days |
|
D．hold more classes with more free weeks off |
3.Which of the following statements is true?
|
A．Students from poor families often fall behind after the vacation. |
|
B．Year-round schools can solve the problem of the learning gap. |
|
C．There are schools in each state following a year-round calendar. |
|
D．Nothing can help the students who fall behind after the vocation. |
4.Why did almost all parents dislike the term “summer school”?
|
A．They cherish the children’s rights of freedom very much. |
|
B．They are worried about the quality of the “summer school”. |
|
C．They want their children to be forced to make up the gap. |
|
D．They can’t afford to the further study during vacation. |
5.What would be the best title of this passage?
|
A．Opening Summer Camps |
|
B．Forbidding Summer Schools |
|
C．Spreading Year-Round Education |
|
D．Minding the Summer Learning Cap |
I got my first driver's license(执照)in 1953 by taking driver education in my first year at Central High School in Charlotte，North Carolina. Four years later when it was time to renew my license I was a married woman. Henry and I were living in Baltimore，Maryland. Two weeks before my 20th birthday，Henry drove me to the motor vehicle office on a hot July afternoon. When I got to the office and showed to the man behind the counter my North Carolina driver’ s license，ready to renew，the man told me that I was under age by Maryland law since I was not yet 21.“Mr.Henry Smith，your husband，will have to sign for you，”he said.
I argued，pointing to a very large belly(肚子)of mine，“I am married. I am having a baby. Why should I have to have someone sign for me to drive？”He answered coldly，“It’s the law，madam.”
Henry encouraged me to calm down，just go ahead and get the license and be done with it. “No，” I said. I refused to have him sign for me. So I left without a Maryland license.
I called the North Carolina Motor Vehicle Office and renewed my NC license by mail—using my name Susan Brown. And thus it was for the next twelve years. Since Henry was in the army I could drive under my home state license. By the time Henry left the army we were once again living in Maryland，and I had to take the Maryland driver’ s exam. Since then I just go in and renew every four years—sign the name Susan Brown，have my new picture taken，and walk out with a license to drive.
1.Susan got her first driver’ s license________.
|
A．before she got married to Henry |
|
B．when she was twenty years old |
|
C．after she finished high school |
|
D．when she just moved to Maryland |
2.Susan failed to renew her license the first time in Maryland because________.
|
A．she was forbidden to drive by Maryland law |
|
B．she lacked driving experience in Maryland |
|
C．she was to give birth to a baby soon |
|
D．she insisted on signing for herself |
3.We can infer from the text that in the U.S.________.
|
A．American males should serve in the army |
|
B．different states may have different laws |
|
C．people have to renew their licenses in their home states |
|
D．women should adopt their husbands’ family names after marriage |