Space is a dangerous place. not only because of meteors (流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The Atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.

    Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rem”. Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage-a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed (畸形的) children or even grandchildren. Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo crew accumulated a large amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far.

1. According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that ______.

A. it protects him against the harmful rays from space    

B. it provides sufficient light for plant growth

C. it supplies the heat necessary for human survival      

D. it screens off the falling meteors

2. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A. the Apollo mission was very successful        

B. protection from space radiation is no easy job

C. astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildren

D. radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers

3. The best title for this passage would be ________.

A. The Atmosphere and Our Environment   B. Research on Radiation.

C. Effects of Space Radiation             D. Importance of Protection Against Radiation


第二节完型填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上涂黑。
The simplest way to say it is this: I believe in my mother.My __36__ began when I was just a kid.I __37__ becoming a doctor.
My mother was a domestic.Through her work, she observed that __38__ people spent a lot more time reading than they __39__ watching television.She announced that my brother and I __40__ watch two to three pre-selected TV programs during the week.With our free time, we had to read two books each from the Detroit Public Library and __41__ her written book reports.She would mark them up with check marks and highlights.Years later we realized her marks were a __42__.My mother was illiterate.
When I entered high school I was a(n) __43__, but not for long.I wanted the fancy clothes.I wanted to __44__ the guys.I went from being an A-student to a B-student to a C-student.One night my mother came home from __45__ her various jobs and I complained about not having enough Italian knit shirts.She said, “Okay, I'll give you all the money I make this week scrubbing floors and cleaning bathrooms, and you can buy __46__ food and pay the bills.With everything __47__, you can have all the Italian knit shirts you want.” I was very __48__ with that arrangement but once I got through allocating money, there was __49__ left.I realized my mother was a financial genius to be able to __50__ our heads and any kind of food on the table, __51__ buy clothes.I also realized that immediate satisfaction wasn't going to get me anywhere.Success required intellectual preparation.I went back to my __52__ and became an A-student again, and eventually I __53__ my dream and I became a doctor.
My story is really my mother's story—a woman with __54__ formal education or property who used her position as a parent to change the lives of many people around the globe.There is no job __55__ than parenting.This I believe.
36.A.belief       B.work C.education  D.promise
37.A.majored in      B.got used to      C.dreamed of      D.got tired of 
38.A.lazy B.easy-going      C.successful        D.reliable
39.A.spent       B.paid C.took       D.did
40.A.could only      B.could not        C.must not D.should often
41.A.read to   B.present to        C.teach      D.explain to
42.A.joke        B.means      C.tool D.trick
43.A.A-student        B.B-student        C.C-student        D.D-student
44.A.get rid of      B.hang out with C.break away from     D.keep in touch with
45.A.making    B.stopping   C.working        D.getting
46.A.your brother    B.yourself   C.your sister       D.the family
47.A.left over B.paid off   C.used up    D.carried out
48.A.angry     B.pleased    C.disappointed    D.bored
49.A.anything       B.everything       C.something       D.nothing
50.A.put an idea into                   B.gave an impression on  
C.keep a roof over                    D.have eyes in the back of       
51.A.let alone        B.let out      C.let in       D.leave alone
52.A.guys      B.mother   C.studies     D.play 
53.A.made       B.fulfilled   C.changed        D.tried
54.A.little        B.much       C.few        D.high
55.A.more interesting      B.less important   C.more important       D.less interesting

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