Along with learning Chinese culture.volunteers at the China Pavilion are also learningprecious/valuable life skills．题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

10．Along with learning Chinese culture，volunteers at the China Pavilion are also learningprecious/valuable（宝贵的） life skills．

分析在中国馆，志愿者们不仅能够学习中国的文化，而且能够学习到宝贵的生活技巧．

解答答案：precious/valuable．
分析句子的结构可知，本句是对形容词用作定语的考查，修饰名词短语life skills．根据汉语提示可知答案为precious/valuable．

点评翻译填空题考查的是词汇的记忆和运用能力，平时要注意积累和运用．

练习册系列答案

1．Have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall？What do you think caused this change in colour？It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from t}le nearby fields．
Components of Soil
Soil is made up of a number of layers（层），each having its own distinctive colour and texture．The upper layer is known as the litter．It acts like a blanket．limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss．The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus（腐殖质），which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour．This layer is usually rich in nutrients，oxygen，and water．Below the topsoil is the subsoil，a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter．This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus．Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock．
Soil forms from the bottom up．Over time bedrock is attacked by rain，wind，frost，and snow．It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering．Plants begin to grow，and rotten materials enrich the topsoil．Most of the soil in Eastern Canada．for example．Was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared l2，000years ago．
Water Beneath the Soil
Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes．ponds．and rivers．Once in the soil or rock，it is called groundwater．Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation（渗透）．Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table．Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate．
As water percolates downward，it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers．This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth．
Soil pH
Soil can be acidic．neutral．or basic．The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock
from which it was formed．and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it．
The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil．By burning fossil fuels such as coal，oil and gasoline，humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils．When fossil fuels are burned．gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain．Acid soil increases出e problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels．As nutrients are removed，soil is less fertile．Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil，and also become easily attacked by diseases．
67．The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called．B
A.1itter
B．topsoil
C．humus
D．subsoil
68．According to the text．which of the following is NOT true？B
A．Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface．
B．The deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than the surface soil．
C．Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil．
D．Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth．
69．We can infer from the passage that the water table liesC．
A．between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer
B．in the subsoil layer above bedrock
C．between the subsoil layer and bedrock
D．in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil
70．The underlined word"dissolve"is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from soil areD．
A．rushed away into the river
B．cleaned and purified by water
C．destroyed and carried away by water
D．mixed with water and become part of it．

18．These days，there are very few wild animals left in the UK．The wolves have gone．The bears have been hunted to extinction．Fortunately，there are a few badgers（獾）---Oh，well，actually，not for long as the British government has just decided to kill them too!But why？
Badgers are fascinating creatures．The black and white mammals live underground in"setts"，which they dig out of the earth．They are extremely brave，fighting off larger animals such as bears and wolves．The problem is that some badgers carry"Bovine Tuberculosis"（ BTB ），an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Bovis （ M．Bovis ） which can cause TB in some other animals，including cattle．
For farmers，this is a serious issue．In 1998in the UK，almost 6，000cows were killed to control the disease．And in 2010，more than 30，000animals were destroyed．It's expensive too．Bovine TB costs the UK about￡100million per year．And some believe that the disease could end up costing the economy￡9billion over the next 40years if nothing is done about it．
Experts say that badgers are responsible for about 50% of the infected cattle．So，after much debate，the government has agreed to a badger cull（杀戮）．This will mean about 30，000of the innocent creatures will be wiped out to fight the disease．Environment Secretary Caroline Spelman admitted that there was"great strength of feeling"about it，but said，"I believe this is the right way forward．"
Of course，many are against the measure，including conservationists and animal rights activists．They claim that killing the badgers in controlled zones wouldn't work because badgers from neighboring areas would simply move into the empty setts and become infected too．Furthermore，they believe that the way cattle are raised intensively，and transported around to lots of different farms during their lives is probably the biggest cause of the spread of the disease．
Most ordinary people are against the measure too．A survey suggests about two-thirds are against killing the badgers，with majorities against killing them regardless of age，region and gender．One of the alternatives to the cull involves using vaccine（疫苗） on badgers．However，this costs an average of￡2，250per year per square kilometer．Trapping and shooting badgers costs￡2，500per year，but shooting free-running badgers only costs about￡200per year （ per square kilometer ）．ks5u
So，with that in mind，it's easy to see how the government arrived at their decision．Money talks!
25．Why does the government want to kill the badgers？B
A．Because there is no other choice to cut the spread of the disease．
B．Because badgers carry TB，a disease which can infect other animals．
C．Because they almost wiped out an entire population of cattle．
D．Because it might be an effective way to fight TB at the least expense．
26．Which of the following statements is TRUE？C
A．Some people object to culling because it costs much more to trap and shoot badgers．
B．In the following four decades，￡9billion will be spent on TB．
C．Based on the survey，people of different age groups，regions and both genders are against killing the badgers．
D．Caroline Spelman thought badgers should be culled despite people's strong reaction．
27．Who is strongly for the killing the badgers according the passage？A
A．The government
B．Most ordinary people
C．Conservationists
D．Animal rights activists．

5．Usually，when your teacher asks a question，there is only one correct answer．But there is one question that has millions of correct answers．That question is"What's your name？"Everyone gives a different answer，but everyone is correct．
Have you ever wondered about people's names？Where do they come from？What do they mean？
People's first names，or given names，are chosen by their parents．Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used．Some parents choose the name of a well-known person．A boy could be named George Washington Smith； a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones．
Some people give their children names that mean good things．Clara means"bright"； Beatrice means"one who gives happiness"； Donald means"world ruler"； Leonard means"as brave as a lion"．
The earliest last names，or surnames，were taken from place names．A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook（小溪）； someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long，paved road．The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest．
Other early surnames came from people's occupations．The most common occupational name is Smith，which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals．In the past，smiths were very important workers in every town and village．Some other occupational names are：Carter-a person who owned or drove a cart； Potter-a person who made pots and pans．
The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village．The Carpenter's great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture．
Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin，or their size，or their special abilities．When there were two men who were named John in the same village，the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray．Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman．John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer．
Some family names were made by adding something to the father's name．English-speaking people added-s or-son．The Johnsons are descendants of John； the Roberts family's ancestor was Robert．Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O．Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O'Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell．
36．Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover？B
A．Places where people lived．
B．People's characters．
C．Talents that people possessed．
D．People's occupations．
37．According to the passage，the ancestors of the Potter family most probablyC．
A．owned or drove a cart
B．made things with metals
C．made kitchen tools or containers
D．built houses and furniture
38．Suppose and English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader，the baby might be namedD．
A．Beatrice Smith
B．Leonard Carter
C．George Longstreet
D．Donald Greenwood．

15．Redsymbolizes （象征） the bravery，revolution，strength and blood of the country．

2．Every country has its heroes．The heroes are the people the nation and especially the young people admire．If you get a list of the heroes of a nation，it will tell you the potential（潜力） of that nation．
Today in America，if you ask the high school students to list their heroes，their choices would probably fall into three groups．The first group of heroes would be the rock stars-the people connected with rock music．There is no doubt that such people do have talent（才能）．But one wonders if one should treat rock stars as a model．The rock stars too often are mixed with drugs and their personal life is not all that good．The rock stars are rich and wear the latest fashion styles．However，one should seek more in a hero than such things as money and good clothes．
A second type of hero for the American youth is the sports star．Again you have a person who has a great ability in one area-sports．However，too often the personal life of the sports star is a bit of disorder．Too frequently drugs and drinking are a part of life of the sports star．
A third type of hero is the TV or movie star．This person may have lots of acting talent and is quite handsome．However，the personal life of too many actors is quite sad and they should not be held up as a model of young people．Today，the rock star，the athlete and the actor all have become the models of the youth in America．Really，do you hear a young person say that his hero is a doctor，a teacher or a scientist？These people are not rich and do not wear fashionable clothes．However，they are talented people who work hard to make the world a better place for everyone．
What is really sad is that the young try to imitate（模仿） their heroes．They like to wear the same clothes and follow their styles．If the heroes of today for the American young people are limited only to rock stars，athletes and actors，the future does not look too bright．
33．The last sentence of the first paragraph implies thatC．
A．if a nation has a lot of heroes，it will be strong
B．heroes of a nation will make the nation itself
C．what the people admire will make the future of the nation
D．if you want to be a hero，you must admire the hero
34．According to the writer，people should admire thoseD．
A．who are rich and wear the latest fashion clothes
B．who can express people's feelings
C．whose personal life is good
D．who work for the interests of the people
35．What is the writer's attitude towards American youth's admiration？B
A．He understands it．
B．He criticizes it．
C．He is angry about it．
D．He is uninterested in it．

19．Facing the problems caused by overpopulation，many developing countriesare taking active measures to control population growth（正采取积极措施控制人口增长）．

11．It was Saturday when the entire summer world was bright and fresh．Tom looked at the fence，which was long and high，feeling all enthusiasm leaving him．He dipped his brush into the whitewash before moving it along the top board of the fence．He knew other boys would arrive soon with all minds of interesting plans for this day．As walking past him，they would tease him for having to work on a beautiful Saturday-which burnt him like fire．
He，putting his hands into his pockets and taking out all he owned with the expectation of letting someone paint，found nothing that could buy half an hour of freedom．At this dark and hopeless moment，a wonderful idea occurred to him，pouring a great bright light into his mind．He took up his brush and continued to work pleasantly with calm and quietness．
Presently，Ben Rogers came in sight-munching an apple and making joyful noises like the sound of a riverboat as he walked along．Tom went on whitewashing，paying no attention to the steamboat．
"Hello!"Ben said，"I'm going swimming，but you can't go，can you？"
No answer．Tom moved his brush gently along the fence and surveyed the result．Ben came nearer．Tom's mouth watered for Ben's apple while he kept painting the fence．
Ben said，"That's a lot of work，isn't it？"
Tom turned suddenly saying"Here you are!Ben!I didn't notice you．"
"I'm going swimming，"Ben said．"Don't you wish you could go？Or would you rather work？"
Tom said，"Work？What do you mean‘work'？"
"Isn't that work？"
Tom continued painting and answered carelessly，"Maybe it is，and maybe it isn't．All I know is it suits Tom Sawyer．"
"Do you mean that you enjoy it？"
"I don't see why I oughtn't to enjoy it．"
"Does a boy have a chance to paint a fence frequently"said Tom．
Ben stopped munching his apple．
Tom moved his brush back and forth-stepped back to note the effect-added a little paint here and there．Ben watched every move，getting more and more interested，more and more absorbed．After a short time，he said，"Tom，let me whitewash a little．"
Tom seemed to be thinking for a moment before he said，"No，Aunt Polly wants this fence to be perfect．If it was the back fence，maybe you could do it．But this fence beside the street is where everybody can see it．It has to be done right．"
"Oh，come on，let me try．I'll be careful．Listen，Tom．I'll give you part of my apple if you let me paint．"
"No，Ben，I'm afraid-"
"I'll give you all the apple!"
Tom handed the brush to Ben with unwillingness on his face butalacrity in his heart．While the riverboat worked and sweated in the hot sun，Tom，an artist sat in the shade close by，munching his apple，and planning how he could trick more of the boys．
Before long there were enough boys each of whom came along the street； stopped to laugh but soon begged to be allowed to paint．By the middle of the afternoon，Tom had got many treasures while the fence had had three layers of whitewash on it．If he hadn't run out of whitewash，he would have owned everything belonging to the boys in the village．
Tom said to himself that the world was not so depressing after all．He had discovered a great law of human action：in order to make a man cover a thing，it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to attain．
9．By using"Tom continued painting and answered carelessly"，the author shows TomC when he was talking to Ben．
A．made mistakes
B．damaged things
C．was natural
D．wasn't concentrating
10．The underlined word"alacrity"in the last but two paragraph most probable means"D"．
A．kindness
B．discouragement
C．sympathy
D．eagerness
11．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？B
A．Tom did not want to go swimming at all
B．Tom was asked to help Aunt Polly paint the fence
C．Tom did not get along well with his friends
D．Tom was very busy that Saturday afternoon．
12．We can draw a conclusion from the last paragraph thatA．
A．forbidden fruit is sweet．
B．a friend in need is a friend indeed．
C．all good things must come to an end．
D．a bad excuse is better than none．

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