Question

4．Listening to music while you drive can improve your speed and ability to get away from accidents，according to Australian psychologists．But turning your car radio up to full volume could probably make you end up in an accident．The performance of difficult tasks can be affected if people are in loud noise．The experience of  pulling up at traffic lights alongside cars with loud music made some psychologists in the University of Sydney look into whether loud music has something to do with driving．
The psychologists invited 60men and women aged between 20and 28as subjects and tested them on almost the same driving tasks under three noise conditions：silence，rock music played at a gentle 55decibels （分贝），and the same music at 85decibels．
For 10minutes the subjects sat in front of a screen operating a simple machine like a car．They had to track a moving disk on screen，react to traffic signals changing color，and brake （刹车） in response to arrows that appeared without warning．
On the tracking task，there was no difference in performance under the three noise conditions．But under both the loud and quiet music conditions，the performers"braked"at a red light about 50milliseconds sooner than they did when there was no rock music at all．That could mean a reduction in braking distance of a couple of meters actually，the difference between life and death for a pedestrian．
When it came to the arrows that appeared across the visual field，the psychologists found that when the music was quiet，people responded faster to objects in their central field of sight by about 50milliseconds．For the people listening at 85decibels，response times dropped by a further 50milliseconds-a whole tenth of second faster than those"driving"with no music．
"But there's a trade-off，"the psychologists told the European Congress of Psychology．"They lose the ability to look around the whole situation effectively．"In responding to objects that suddenly appeared，people in 85decibel rock music were around 100milliseconds slower than both the other groups．Since some accidents-such as children running into the road-take place without any notice，drivers listening to loud music must be less safe as a result．

47．What does the phrase"pulling up"in Paragraph 1mean？A
A．Stopping．B．Driving．
C．Putting up with．  D．Giving somebody a lift．
48．Where did the researchers do the experiment？D
A．At crossroads．
B．In a crowded street．
C．At a police traffic station．
D．Under the same conditions as those of the streets．
49．Which of the following didn't help the performers to"brake"sooner at red lights？C
A．Quiet music．   B．Loud music．
C．Silence．       D．Rock music．
50．Which of the following is the best way to make driving safer？B
A．Loud music．   B．Quiet music．
C．Silence．      D．Heavy metal music．

Answer 1

分析 文章讲述了澳大利亚心理学家通过对60个男女司机在不放音乐、放55贝音乐和85贝音乐的情况下，看看分贝大的音乐会对司机会产生怎样的影响．

解答 ADCB
47 A  猜测词义题．  根据常识及改词所在的句子The experience of pulling up at traffic lights alongside cars with loud music made some psychologists in the University of Sydney look into whether loud music has something to do with driving．可知汽车在红绿灯处应与停止或启动有关，故选A．
48：D  细节题．由第二段最后一句"They had to track a moving disk on screen，respond to traffic signals changing color，and brake in response to arrows that appeared without warning．"可知，实验是在相当于实际驾驶环境中进行的，并不是在实际驾驶环境中进行的，D项正确．故正确答案为D．
49  C   细节题．由由第四段第二句"But under both the loud and quiet music conditions，the performers"braked"at a red light about 50 milliseconds sooner than they did when there was no rock music at all．"可知，有音乐要比没有音乐更利于安全驾驶．故选C．
50：B  推断题．由第四段第二句"But under both the loud and quiet music conditions，the performers"braked"at a red light about 50 milliseconds sooner than they did when there was no rock music at all．"可知，有音乐要比没有音乐更利于安全驾驶．又由倒数第二段最后一句中"For the people listening at 85 decibels，response times were dropped by a further 50 milliseconds-a whole tenth of second faster than those"driving"with no music．"可知，身处85分贝音乐背景下的人，反应时间比安静音乐背景下要快．但由最后一段最后二句"In responding to objects that suddenly appeared，people subjected to 85-decibel rock music were around 100 milliseconds slower than both the other groups．Since some accidents-such as children running into the road-take place without any notice，drivers listening to loud music must be less safe as a result．"可知，处在85分贝摇滚乐环境的人对于突然出现的物体作出响应时反应要慢大约100毫秒，最后导致在驾驶过程中更容易发生事故．综合以上结论可知在"安静的音乐"下驾驶更安全．故正确答案为B．

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