题目内容

短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加: 把缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)画掉。

修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。

When I was at middle school, I have a nice classmate, which was the first foreigner I had ever met. She was friendly and very pretty. She was good in three languages, so she was born in China. It was interesting that her father was a Frenchman while her mother came from England. All of them were teaching at a university at that time. She was crazy about collect stamps, listening to pop music, as well as playing the football. Her dream was to be a engineer, so she usually studied harder to achieve it. She often told funny stories in English to make us laughing. We all liked her.

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阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Some of us feel puzzled about the 1. (participate) of a debate. Here is some information which will help you get a general idea of it.

Participating in a debate is a useful practice of those who aim to become public speakers. In a formal debate a statement called a “motion” is 2. (propose). It is defended by the proposers and challenged by their opponents. To become a 3. (lead) debater it is necessary to acquire several techniques and skills. 4. experienced debater seeks to persuade others by presenting relevant arguments 5. (intention), not by the violence of his language. He shows respect for standpoints which 6. (different) from his own and does not allow personal hostility to enter into 7. should be a conflict of ideas. He anticipates the points put forward by his opponent and deals with them methodically. He attempts to present a 8. (consist) case, 9. rather, a piece of reasoning free from self-contradiction. He realizes that the 10. (accept) conclusions must be supported by adequate evidence. He knows how to sum up the various points that arise in the course of the debate.

The Enigma (谜）of Beauty

The search for beauty spans centuries and continents．Paintings of Egyptians dating back over 4，000 years show both men and women painting their nails and wearing makeup．In 18th-century France，wealthy noblemen wore large wigs (假发）of long，white hair to make themselves attractive．Today，people continue to devote a lot of time and money to their appearance.

There is at least one good reason for the desire to be attractive：beauty is power．Studies suggest that good-looking people make more money，get called on more often in class，and are regarded as friendlier.

But what exactly is beauty? It's difficult to describe it clearly，and yet we know it when we see it．And our awareness of it may start at a very early age．In one set of studies，six-month-old babies were shown a series of photographs．The faces on the pictures had been rated for attractiveness by a group of college students．In the studies，the babies spent more time looking at the attractive faces than the unattractive ones.

The idea that even babies can judge appearance makes perfect sense to many researchers．In studies by psychologists，men consistently showed a preference for women with larger eyes，fuller lips，and a smaller nose and chin while women prefer men with large shoulders and a narrow waist．According to scientists，the mind unconsciously tells men and women that these traits —the full lips，clear skin，strong shoulders —equal health and genetic well-being.

Not everyone thinks the same way，however．" Our hardwiredness can be changed by all sorts of expectations —mostly cultural，" says C． Loring Brace，an anthropologist at the University of Michigan．What is considered attractive in one culture might not be in another．Look at most Western fashion magazines：the women on the pages are thin．But is this "perfect" body type for women worldwide? Scientists' answer is no; what is considered beautiful is subjective and varies around the worlD． They found native peoples in southeast Peru preferred shapes regarded overweight in Western cultures.

For better or worse，beauty plays a role in our lives．But it is extremely difficult to describe exactly what makes one person attractive to another．Although there do seem to be certain physical traits considered universally appealing，it is also true that beauty does not always keep to a single，uniform standarD． Beauty really is，as the saying goes，in the eye of the beholder.

1.People's ideas about beauty ________.

A． have existed since ancient times

B． can be easily described

C． have little influence on a person's success

D． are based upon strict criteria

2.In Paragraph 3，the babies in the study ________.

A． were rated for their appearance

B． were entered in a beauty contest

C． were shown photos of a group of college students

D． were able to tell attractive faces from unattractive ones

3.The underlined word “traits” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________.

A． qualities

B． measurements

C． judgments

D． standards

4.We can learn from the passage that ________.

A． the ideas of beauty vary as people grow up

B． the search for beauty is rooted in lack of confidence

C． the standards for beauty are based on scientific researches

D． the understanding of beauty depends on cultural backgrounds

书面表达

请以“Friends and Friendship''为题，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，内容要包含下列要点： 1.友谊在学习和生活中的作用 2.朋友之间应该怎么做 3.恰当的结尾

注意：1. 开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 2. 可适当发挥，使文章通顺流畅。

Friends and Friendship

As we all know,

When computer servers operate a complex program, they can get very hot. Cooling the servers can be costly. So researchers asked what would happen if the heat created by the servers could be captured and used?

Data centers of large Internet companies such as Google and Microsoft have thousands of computer servers. As these servers process information, they create large amounts of heat, so they need huge cooling systems, which send the heat into the air.

The Dutch company Nerdalize thinks paying for electricity to operate the servers and then paying again to cool them is a waste of energy. So it developed a device called the e-Radiator, a computer server that also works as a heating source.

Boaz Leupe, the chief executive officer of Nerdalize, says the e-Radiator saves money because companies don’t have to pay to cool their servers. “…The kilowatt hour you are using is used twice — once to heat the home and once to compute the client’s task without the cooling expenses.”

At present five homeowners in the Netherlands are testing the heating device in their homes.

“We compensate the electricity the server uses, and that we can do because of the computer clients on the other side, and, in that way, homeowners actually get heating for free, and computer users don’t have to pay for the expenses of the data center.”

Jan Visser is one of the participants in the year-long experiment. He notices that the amount of heat produced by the e-Radiator depends on the work being done by the computer server. He reveals it cannot be used as the primary source of heat. But he is ready to try it. “If it provides enough warmth, I will be able to use my home’s heating system less, which will save me money.” he added.

Nerdalize says e-Radiators create heat temperatures of up to 55 degrees Celsius. It’s also said that the devices could save users up to $440 in heating costs a year.

1.What can we learn from this passage?

A. E-Radiator can save homeowners a big sum of money in cooling the computers.

B. Google and Nerdalize developed the heating device, e-Radiator.

C. E-Radiator has been put into use in the Netherlands.

D. The heating device will benefit computer users as well as homeowners.

2.According to the passage, what’s Jan Visser’s attitude towards e-Radiator?

A. Cautious. B. Positive. C. Satisfied. D. Doubtful.

3.Where can we most probably read the passage?

A. In an economic report.

B. In a science magazine.

C. In an education newspaper.

D. In a computer guide book.

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. Money-saving heating device.

B. E-Radiator, the primary source of heat.

C. Hot computers could be used to heat home.

D. Nerdalize developed e-Radiator, a heating system.

完形填空,阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

James shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully ________ the coins that lay on the bed. $24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was $90! ________ on earth was he going to get the ________ of the money? He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was ________ to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no ________ to ask his parents, for he knew they had no money to ________ . There was only one way to get money, and that was to ________ it. He would have to find a job. ________ who would hire him and what could he do? He decided to ask Mr Clay for advice, who usually had _________ in most things. "Well, you can start right here," said Mr Clay. "My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing." That was the ________ of James’s odd-job (零工) business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was surprised by the ________ jobs that people found for him to do. He took dogs and babies for walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He lost count of the ________ of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the ________ increased and he knew that he would soon have ________ for the bicycle he was dying for. The day ________ came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He ________ no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode ________home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. It had been hard ________ for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more ________ he had bought it with his own money. He had ________ what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than the bicycle.

1.A. cleaned B. covered C. counted D. checked

2.A. How B. Why C. Who D. What

3.A. amount B. part C. sum D. rest

4.A. brave B. hard C. smart D. unfair

5.A. use B. reason C. result D. right

6.A. separate B. spend C. spare D. save

7.A. borrow B. earn C. raise D. collect

8.A. Or B. So C. For D. But

9.A. decisions B. experience C. opinions D. knowledge

10.A. beginning B. introduction C. requirement D. opening

11.A. similar B. ashamed C. peaceful D. various

12.A. brand B. number C. size D. type

13.A. effort B. pressure C. money D. trouble

14.A. all B. enough C. much D. some

15.A. finally B. instantly C. normally D. regularly

16.A. gave B. left C. took D. wasted

17.A. patiently B. proudly C. silently D. tiredly

18.A. applying B. asking C. looking D. working

19.A. since B. if C. than D. though

20.A. deserved B. studied C. achieved D. Learned

Why are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods? One reason is that eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid accumulation in your body.

Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked and refined foods. When we cook foods, we destroy the natural enzymes (酶) that are part of the food in its raw form. These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food. When we consume food without these natural enzymes, our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream. In both instances, the result is obesity. When too many nutrients are absorbed at once, the body grows fat. Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive tract, where it becomes increasingly acidic. To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste, the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs.

Processed foods contain chemical elements, which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when we’ve had enough to eat; as a result, people often overeat. Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle. The body will either identify these foods as allergens and then store them safely away from the organs as fat, or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste, which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body’s cells. The body’s metabolism (新陈代谢) becomes inactive, and the result is weight gain and obesity.

The accumulation of acid in the digestive tract makes digestion increasingly inefficient. When that happens, even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common.

To stop this vicious circle in its tracks, people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize the acid already accumulated in body. Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. It’s also important to restore your enzyme balance. You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production. If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself, you need to take an active approach.

1.It can be inferred from Para. 2 that __________.

A． foods with natural enzymes help people keep fit

B． we’d better be cautious about raw and whole foods

C． it is essential for people to protect their vital organs

D． giving up cooked and refined foods is a new lifestyle

2.Processed foods are unhealthy because they __________.

A． destroy body’s cells

B． stop body’s metabolism

C． may lead to obesity

D． are difficult to digest

3.What is the main purpose of this passage?

A． To warn people of the problem of obesity

B． To advocate eating more raw and whole foods.

C． To inform people of the harm of processed foods.

D． To tell the differences between raw and processed foods.

4.The underline word “vicious” in the last paragraph probably means ____________.

A． violent

B． progressive

C． positive

D． harmful

The refugee crisis（难民危机） in Europe, if ________ properly, can lead to serious social problems.

A. not handled B. not being handled

C. not to be handled D. not having been handled

What good news! Such a successful gene ______ in pigs that it enables the pigs to produce human serum albumin, a protein made by the liver. Look! Here ________.

A. have they modified…they come.

B. did they modify…come they

C. they have modified…are coming they

D. they modify…they are coming

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