下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

      2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

例如:

It was very nice to get your invitation to spend ∧ weekend with you. Luckily I was

                                      the                        am

completely free then, so I’ll to say “yes”. I’ll arrive in Bristol at around 8p.m. in Friday

                                                               on

evening.

                                                             

Looking at the map of the world, and we can see that three quarters of the earth are covered by water. However, we are short of water, it sounds strange to you. But it is true. You see, 97% of the total water in the world is sea water, which is so salt that man can drink it. So only 3% of the water can be drunk or used for man. And the drinkable water comes from rivers, lakes and underground. Man even can’t use them completely, because the water contains icebergs and glaciers. All what is the worst is that water in some parts has been polluted or is being polluted. How can we drink? So something must be done to protect water from polluted.

Across the planet there are millions of people who engage in some type of meditation, the practice of concentrating and clearing the mind to bring the body into a state of peace, at least a semi-regular basis. For some, particularly among practitioners of Eastern religions such as Buddhism and Hinduism, this is part and parcel of their religious practice.

For others, particularly in Western cultures, meditation tends to be a response to stress. With the world economy approaching meltdown and people worried about their job or their ability to keep their home, it’s a way for people to attain a state of peace of mind and well-being.

For those interested in taking up the practice, instruction in meditation for beginners can be found in literally thousands of sources.

One of the most popular styles of mediation in the West, with classes offered in most major cities, is called Transcendental Meditation. TM, as it is known among its practitioners, first came to worldwide attention when the Beatles began practicing it in 1967. For direct, guided, personal instruction in meditation for the beginner, TM may be the hallmark.

Part of the confusion about how to practice meditation effectively is due to the fact that there are literally hundreds of techniques championed by various groups and individuals. As a general principle, it might be said that all meditation techniques seek to have the practitioner attain a state of consciousness that is different to our ordinary state of awareness. They attempt to train people to clear their minds and achieve a sense of inner peace. It sounds simple enough, but of the huge number of people experiment with meditation, very few are able to maintain its practice over the long haul. In most cases, this is due to frustration over the inability to experience any dramatic, instantly recognizable effects.

This is quite a sad state of affairs, that so few these days are willing or equipped to persist in something that doesn’t provide immediate life-changing results. It reflects a culture in which demands for discipline and sustained effort are considered unnecessary or even unfair. It is no surprise therefore that many people abandon their efforts at meditation before they have a chance to bear fruit.

But for anyone who does decide to take up this worthwhile practice, please remember. You must clear your mind, relax and “take it as it comes”. Maintain the practice with a sense of discipline and devotion, and eventually benefits of inner peace and calm will be yours.

1.The underlined part “part and parcel of” in paragraph 1 is nearest in meaning to ________.

A. closely associated with                   B. an important element of

C. very different to                   D. usually sent from

2.The goal of meditation is ________.

A. to develop a technique             B. to practice a religion

C. to clear the mind                D. to carry out an experiment

3.What can we infer about meditation from the passage?

A. It has two main types.

B. Its benefits are not immediately obvious.

C. It is practiced by many famous artists.

D. Most people find it a very good way to relax.

4.According to the writer, what has attracted many Western people to meditation practices in recent years?

A. Their improved understanding of foreign culture.

B. The need to fill in their growing free time.

C. Migration from countries in which meditation is traditional.

D. Increasing employment instability.

5.Who is the probable audience for this article?

A. People interested in starting to learn meditation.

B. Experienced meditation practitioners.

C. Buddhists and Hindus.

D. People who are very religious.

 

完形填空(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)

One day a few years ago we had a guest of the uninvited variety. In fact, it was a bird,   1 a sparrow.

“What’s that?” I asked when I first heard the gentle thumping(重击声). “It sounds like Joe is outside playing basketball,” my wife, Anita, said. She   2  and listened more devotedly. “It’s coming from the  3 .” she said. “Maybe it’s one of the little kids.”

We rushed out the door. Jonathan, our youngest, was  4 to make trouble. “If he’s making holes in the wall again…” I said as I searched there. No children       5  . But there was that  6  again, coming from right up there.

And that’s when I  7  the sparrow. It was flying  8 just inches below the ceiling. It was  9 trying to get out, but couldn’t see that the way out wasn’t up, but down 10  the open door. So the bird continued  11  its wings and hitting its head against the  12 .

“Poor thing,” Anita said. “It must be  13  .”  

“Well, maybe it’s because of us,” I said as I moved toward it. I tried to show the bird how to glide(滑翔) down to get outside, but that only seemed to  14   it more. “Why don’t we just 15 for a few minutes?” Anita suggested. “I’m sure he’ll    16 eventually.” So we went back into the house, where we continued to hear the ongoing  17  .Then suddenly, it was silent. We looked into the garage, and our uninvited guest was gone.

“See?” Anita said. “I told you he’d succeed.”

“Yeah,” I said. “But how many knocks on the head did it 18  him?”

I’ve thought about that little sparrow through the years. Just like that sparrow, we often meet situations we don’t know how to  19 . Born to go upward, we don’t even consider the possibility that something good might happen if we stop flapping(拍打)around and just glide  20 a little bit.    

1.                A.for example     B.rather than      C.or rather  D.as well

 

2.                A.hurried         B.paused         C.ignored   D.confirmed

 

3.                A.basement       B.kitchen         C.garage   D.hall

 

4.                A.easy           B.happy          C.sorry D.angry

 

5.                A.in all           B.at all           C.above all  D.after all

 

6.                A.guest          B.voice           C.noise     D.sound

 

7.                A.watched        B.found          C.realized  D.caught

 

8.                A.carefully        B.gently          C.patiently  D.anxiously

 

9.                A.eventually      B.unwillingly       C.obviously D.thoroughly

 

10.               A.through        B.over           C.below D.beyond

 

11.               A.shaking         B.breaking        C.striking    D.injuring

 

12.               A.wall           B.floor           C.door  D.ceiling

 

13.               A.clumsy         B.painful         C.amazed   D.terrified

 

14.               A.frighten        B.comfort        C.confuse   D.calm

 

15.               A.leave          B.scream         C.relax D.escape

 

16.               A.put it aside      B.leave it alone    C.give it up  D.figure it out

 

17.               A.accident        B.achievement    C.struggle   D.trouble

 

18.               A.cost           B.offer           C.earn  D.owe

 

19.               A.classify         B.handle         C.debate    D.conclude

 

20.               A.up            B.back           C.forth D.down

 

 

Few people realize that there is a big difference between formal English and informal English. Formal English is used for most writing, and often in public speaking and formal meetings. It pays close attention to grammar rules, because if we use proper grammar, our meaning is often more precise. Also, on important occasions, we do not want to appear uneducated or to offend (冒犯) others, so we are very careful about how we speak. Informal English is used in speaking or writing to our friends and family. It often does not pay such close attention to grammar rules, because when we speak or write to them, we want our words to flow quickly. Also, with our friends and family, we are usually not so worried about appearing uneducated or about offending them by how we write or speak.

A big difference between formal and informal English is the use of contractions. A contraction is where we make a word shorter or where we put two words together and take away some of the letters. For example, instead of saying “do not”, many people say “don’t”. Using contractions in our speech is fine because it sounds natural, especially when we speak to our friends. In formal writing, however, contractions are usually avoided because people might think that you have made a mistake, or that you do not know proper grammar.

In the same way we might make words shorter, in informal English we often make sentences shorter as well. For example, if someone asks you your name, you will likely answer with one word: your first name. However, in formal English we usually use complete sentences. For example, we might write “My name is John”. In most speaking, we may not need to use every word in a sentence because the person we are speaking to will probably still understand us. In most writing, however, every word in a sentence must be written out in order to make sure that we can be understood.

1.When we use formal English, _______.

A.we will offend others

B.we will appear educated on important occasions

C.we needn’t pay more attention to grammar rules

D.we can express ourselves more directly and more quickly

2.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “precise”?

A.clear             B.direct            C.puzzling           D.simple

3.Contractions are best used when we are _______.

A.speaking at a formal meeting               B.speaking in public

C.speaking to our friends                   D.writing an application (申请) letter

4.In speaking, we do not always use complete sentences because ______.

A.we do not care about grammar             B.we do not want to sound stupid

C.we can still be understood                D.we don’t want to waste time

 

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