题目内容
8.Obesity is a"rising pandemic(流行病)"afflicting 1in 10 people around the world,causing health problems and premature deaths,according to a new study.Obesity rates have risen over the last three decades in the 195countries examined by the sweeping study,published in the New England Journal of Medicine on Monday.In more than 70 countries,including the United States,obesity rates at least doubled from 1980 to 2015.The world's population of 7.5 billion now includes more than 2 billion people who are overweight or obese,according to the study.
The study defines adult obesity as having a body mass index (BMI)-a number derived from weight and height-greater than 30,and overweight as having BMI of 25 to 29.Those definitions also are used by the National Institutes of Health.Using those measures,nearly 108 million children and 604 million adults are obese,according to the study.
Alarmingly,the study found that excess weight accounted for about 4million deaths worldwide in 2015,a 28percent increase in the global death rate since 1990.More than two-thirds were caused by cardiovascular disease.Diabetes was the second-leading cause of death.
Obesity rates jumped in both poor and wealthy countries,"which indicates that the problem is not simply a function of income or wealth,"the study says.The decline in activity preceded sharp increases in obesity,so that is unlikely to be a main cause,the authors noted.Instead,the study suggested that major drivers in the obesity trend are food systems and eating habits,including"increased availability,accessibility,and affordability of energy-dense foods,along with intense marketing of such foods."
The authors of the study found that 39 percent of the 4million deaths in 2015 occurred among people who were in the overweight BMI range and pointed to suggestions to lower obesity rates,but said those programs needed more evaluation.They had little optimism for the immediate future.
32.The underlined word"afflict',in Paragraph 1probably can be replaced byB.
A.suffer
B.trouble
C.abandon
D.kill
33.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?C
A.Obesity rates doubled from 1980 to 2015 in about 200 countries.
B.More than 2billion people are obese around the world.
C.The study examined obesity rates in about 200 countries.
D.The US is not among the 195 countries examined by the study.
34.What is a main cause of obesity according to the study?C
A.The decline in activity.
B.Lack of wealth.
C.Unhealthy eating habits.
D.Availability of healthy foods.
35.What would be the best title for this passage?A
A.Rising Obesity Now Affects the Globe and Fuels Illness and Death
B.Suggestions on How to Lower Obesity Rates
C.Main Causes of Obesity
D.How to Use BMI to Define Obesity.
分析 本文主要讲述了日益加剧的肥胖问题,首先叙述了全球范围内大约200个国家的肥胖率变化趋势,然后指出肥胖的危害性以及导致肥胖的原因,最后作者建议要均衡饮食以及多锻炼来减少肥胖.
解答 32-35 BCCA
32.B 考查词意推断.根据第一段中的"causing health problems and premature deaths"可知,肥胖会造成健康问题和过早死亡.所以肥胖成为了一种流行病折磨并损害着许多人的身体.所以可猜测出该词的意思是"折磨/损害"故选B.
33.C 考查细节理解.根据第二段中的"Obesity rates have risen over the last three decades in the 195countries examined by the sweeping study"可知,该项目研究了过去的30年里195个国家肥胖率的变化趋势.再根据"from 1980 to 2015"可以知道具体的研究时间.故选C.
34.C 考查细节理解.根据第四段中的"the study suggested that major drivers in the obesity trend are food systems and eating habits"可知,肥胖主要是由不健康的饮食习惯引起的.故选C.
35.A 考查文章主旨大意.根据文章开头"Obesity is a"rising pandemic"around the world,causing health problems and premature deaths,according to a new study"可知,日益增长的肥胖加剧了全球范围内的疾病和死亡.故选A.
点评 在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节,分析文章结构,根据上下文内在联系,挖掘文章的深层含义,对于暗含在事件中的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析,进一步增强理解能力,抓住材料实质性的东西.
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The only language that seems easy to learn is the mother tongue.We should(52)Bthat we all learned our own language well when we were (53)B.If we could learn English in the same way,it would not seem so difficult.(54)Dwhat a small child does.He listens to what people say.He tries what he hears.When he is using the language,talking in it,(55)Bin it all the time.Just imagine how much(56)Dthat gets!
So it is(57)Ato say that learning English is easy,because a good command of English (58)Aupon a lot of practice.And practice needs great effort and(59)Bmuch time.Good teachers,records,tapes,books,and dictionaries will (60)C.But they cannot do the student's work for him.
41.A.not | B.quite | C.only | D.very |
42.A.difficult | B.important | C.necessary | D.easy |
43.A.native | B.foreign | C.useful | D.mother |
44.A.learning | B.enjoying | C.trying | D.liking |
45.A.questions | B.problems | C.ideas | D.answers |
46.A.found | B.watched | C.noticed | D.known |
47.A.knowledge | B.time | C.money | D.English |
48.A.make | B.help | C.let | D.allow |
49.A.From | B.On | C.Since | D.After |
50.A.spelling | B.grammar | C.English | D.pronunciation |
51.A.happened | B.looked | C.seemed | D.felt |
52.A.know | B.remember | C.understand | D.think |
53.A.students | B.children | C.babies | D.grown-ups |
54.A.Imagine | B.Mind | C.Do | D.Think of |
55.A.using | B.thinking | C.trying | D.practicing |
56.A.time | B.money | C.language | D.practice |
57.A.hard | B.easy | C.funny | D.silly |
58.A.depends | B.tries | C.has | D.takes |
59.A.uses | B.takes | C.gets | D.costs |
60.A.do | B.work | C.help | D.master. |
A. | pick up | B. | get up | C. | make up | D. | take up |