题目内容

D

Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you’re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you’re holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation(感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.

Psychologists have known that one person’s perception(感知) of another’s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies’ conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlow’s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.

Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.

To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the study’s hypotheses(假设), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form: The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.

“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,” says Bargh.

1.According to Paragraph 1, a person’s emotion may be affected by ______.

A.the visitors to his office

B.the psychology lessons he has

C.his physical feeling of coldness

D.the things he has bought online

2.The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that ______.

A.adults should develop social skills

B.babies need warm physical contact

C.caregivers should be healthy adults

D.monkeys have social relationships

3.In Bargh’s experiment, the students were asked to ______.

A.evaluate someone’s personality

B.write down their hypotheses

C.fill out a personal information form

D.hold coffee and cold drink alternatively

4.We can infer from the passage that ______.

A.abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences

B.feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide

C.physical temperature affects how we see others

D.capable persons are often cold to others

5.What would be the best title for the passage?

A.Drinking for Better Social Relationships.

B.Experiments of Personality Evaluation.

C.Developing Better Drinking Habits.

D.Physical Sensations and Emotions.

 

【答案】

1.C

2.B

3.A

4.C

5.D

【解析】

1.细节理解题。文章第一段就提出了本文所要讨论的主题:人的情绪受身体对冷热,的不同感受的影响。

2.推理判断题。第二段中作者提到Harlow’s experiment就是为了证明这段第三句Much of this particularly warmth and sadness的观点。

3.细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段的最后二句可知接受实验的学生应对Person A作出评价。

4.推理判断题。一个人所接触的物体的温度会影响一个人的情绪,同样体温的高低也可能有同样的影响。

5.主旨大意题。全篇文章就是围绕第一段提出的论点展开的。

 

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As a boy,Tim was much influenced by books about the sea, but in fact by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor. His father was a dentist and as a result Tim had the opportunity of meeting many doctors either at home or elsewhere. When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the clinic of a local doctor where he was supposed to be helping to wrap up medicine bottles,but was actually trying to listen to the conversations taking place between the doctor and his patients in the next room.

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       C.was satisfied with his career as a surgeon.         D.decided to give up medicine for faith

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A.Tim’s life story       B.Tim’s dream     C.Tim’s marriage      D.Tim’ s patients

When he was a boy, Tim was much influenced(影响) by the books about the sea, but in fact by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor. His father was a dentist and as a result, Tim had the opportunity of meeting many doctors either at home or elsewhere. When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the clinic (诊所) of a local doctor where he was supposed to help to wrap up medicine bottles, but was actually trying to listen to the conversations taking place between the doctor and his patients in the next room.
During the war Tim served in the Navy (海军) as a surgeon (外科医生). “That was the happiest time of my life. I was dealing with very real suffering and on the whole making a success of it.” In California he taught the country people simple facts about medicine. He saw himself as a life-saver. He had proved his skills to himself and his ability to take decisions. Thus, while he was able to tell them what to do, he could feel he was saving them. After the war, he got married and chose to be a doctor in the countryside, working under an old doctor who was popular in the area, but who hated the sight of blood and believed that the secret of medicine was faith. This gave the young man many opportunities to go on working as a life-saver.
【小题1】Tim decided to be a doctor when he was________.

A.fourteenB.fifteen
C.serving in the NavyD.working in clinic
【小题2】Tim decided to become a doctor mainly because________
A.his father wanted him to be so.
B.his father was a surgeon.
C.he had read many books about medicine.
D.he had chances to know many doctors and know about what doctors did.
【小题3】Which of the following is not true?
A.during the war, Tim was a surgeon in the Navy.
B.he taught the country people simple facts about medicine in California.
C.after the war, he married the old doctors’ daughter.
D.Tim worked as a life-saver after war.
【小题4】From the passage we can infer(推出) that Tim_________.
A.was sent to Europe during the war.
B.was not afraid of blood.
C.decided to give up his doctor career.
D.regarded himself as a life-saver.
【小题5】The passage is mainly about­________
A.Tim’s life storyB.Tim’ dreamsC.Tim’s marriageD.Tim’s patients

When he was a boy, Tim was much influenced(影响) by the books about the sea, but in fact by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor. His father was a dentist and as a result, Tim had the opportunity of meeting many doctors either at home or elsewhere. When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the clinic (诊所) of a local doctor where he was supposed to help to wrap up medicine bottles, but was actually trying to listen to the conversations taking place between the doctor and his patients in the next room.
During the war Tim served in the Navy (海军) as a surgeon (外科医生). “That was the happiest time of my life. I was dealing with very real suffering and on the whole making a success of it.” In California he taught the country people simple facts about medicine. He saw himself as a life-saver. He had proved his skills to himself and his ability to take decisions. Thus, while he was able to tell them what to do, he could feel he was saving them. After the war, he got married and chose to be a doctor in the countryside, working under an old doctor who was popular in the area, but who hated the sight of blood and believed that the secret of medicine was faith. This gave the young man many opportunities to go on working as a life-saver.
【小题1】Tim decided to be a doctor when he was________.

A.fourteenB.fifteen
C.serving in the NavyD.working in clinic
【小题2】Tim decided to become a doctor mainly because________
A.his father wanted him to be so.
B.his father was a surgeon.
C.he had read many books about medicine.
D.he had chances to know many doctors and know about what doctors did.
【小题3】Which of the following is not true?
A.during the war, Tim was a surgeon in the Navy.
B.he taught the country people simple facts about medicine in California.
C.after the war, he married the old doctors’ daughter.
D.Tim worked as a life-saver after war.
【小题4】From the passage we can infer(推出) that Tim_________.
A.was sent to Europe during the war.
B.was not afraid of blood.
C.decided to give up his doctor career.
D.regarded himself as a life-saver.
【小题5】The passage is mainly about­________
A.Tim’s life storyB.Tim’ dreamsC.Tim’s marriageD.Tim’s patients

When he was a boy, Tim was much influenced(影响) by the books about the sea, but in fact by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor. His father was a dentist and as a result, Tim had the opportunity of meeting many doctors either at home or elsewhere. When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the clinic (诊所) of a local doctor where he was supposed to help to wrap up medicine bottles, but was actually trying to listen to the conversations taking place between the doctor and his patients in the next room.

During the war Tim served in the Navy (海军) as a surgeon (外科医生). “That was the happiest time of my life. I was dealing with very real suffering and on the whole making a success of it.” In California he taught the country people simple facts about medicine. He saw himself as a life-saver. He had proved his skills to himself and his ability to take decisions. Thus, while he was able to tell them what to do, he could feel he was saving them. After the war, he got married and chose to be a doctor in the countryside, working under an old doctor who was popular in the area, but who hated the sight of blood and believed that the secret of medicine was faith. This gave the young man many opportunities to go on working as a life-saver.

1.Tim decided to be a doctor when he was________.

A.fourteen

B.fifteen

C.serving in the Navy

D.working in clinic

2.Tim decided to become a doctor mainly because________

A.his father wanted him to be so.

B.his father was a surgeon.

C.he had read many books about medicine.

D.he had chances to know many doctors and know about what doctors did.

3.Which of the following is not true?

A.during the war, Tim was a surgeon in the Navy.

B.he taught the country people simple facts about medicine in California.

C.after the war, he married the old doctors’ daughter.

D.Tim worked as a life-saver after war.

4.From the passage we can infer(推出) that Tim_________.

A.was sent to Europe during the war.

B.was not afraid of blood.

C.decided to give up his doctor career.

D.regarded himself as a life-saver.

5.The passage is mainly about­________

A.Tim’s life story

B.Tim’ dreams

C.Tim’s marriage

D.Tim’s patients

 

When he was a boy, Tim was much influenced(影响) by the books about the sea, but in fact by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor. His father was a dentist and as a result, Tim had the opportunity of meeting many doctors either at home or elsewhere. When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the clinic (诊所) of a local doctor where he was supposed to help to wrap up medicine bottles, but was actually trying to listen to the conversations taking place between the doctor and his patients in the next room.

During the war Tim served in the Navy (海军) as a surgeon (外科医生). “That was the happiest time of my life. I was dealing with very real suffering and on the whole making a success of it.” In California he taught the country people simple facts about medicine. He saw himself as a life-saver. He had proved his skills to himself and his ability to take decisions. Thus, while he was able to tell them what to do, he could feel he was saving them. After the war, he got married and chose to be a doctor in the countryside, working under an old doctor who was popular in the area, but who hated the sight of blood and believed that the secret of medicine was faith. This gave the young man many opportunities to go on working as a life-saver.

1.Tim decided to be a doctor when he was________.

A.fourteen

B.fifteen

C.serving in the Navy

D.working in clinic

2.Tim decided to become a doctor mainly because________

A.his father wanted him to be so.

B.his father was a surgeon.

C.he had read many books about medicine.

D.he had chances to know many doctors and know about what doctors did.

3.Which of the following is not true?

A.during the war, Tim was a surgeon in the Navy.

B.he taught the country people simple facts about medicine in California.

C.after the war, he married the old doctors’ daughter.

D.Tim worked as a life-saver after war.

4.From the passage we can infer(推出) that Tim_________.

A.was sent to Europe during the war.

B.was not afraid of blood.

C.decided to give up his doctor career.

D.regarded himself as a life-saver.

5.The passage is mainly about­________

A.Tim’s life story

B.Tim’ dreams

C.Tim’s marriage

D.Tim’s patients

 

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