Question

【题目】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. access B. alternatives C. designed D. confirmed E. conflicting F. elements
G. function H. innovative I. prospective J. separate K. supporting

Considering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that with A be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or 【1】, customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture to live in.

As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with 【2】to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These 【3】solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.

As employee hierarchies （等级制度）have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been 【4】by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not 【5】to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new design allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that 【6】workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’ 【7】to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.

Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often 【8】demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (内饰) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to 【9】and their best.

All these 【10】of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】I. prospective

【2】B. alternatives

【3】H. innovative

【4】D.confirmed

【5】C. assigned

【6】J.separate

【7】A. access

【8】E. conflicting

【9】G. function

【10】F. elements

【解析】

【1】根据划线部分前面的单词potential （形容词，潜在的）和or（表并列，意为或者），可以知道答案是一个形容词且意思和潜在的是相近的。结合备选答案及单词意思，只有prospective （adj. 未来的; 预期的; 可能的; 有希望的;）符合。

【2】本句的句意是随着我们从以工业为基础的经济转移到知识为基础的经济，办公室设计者已经想出了一些替代传统工作环境的事物。根据划线部分前后的介词可以知道该空应该填一个名词。在备选答案中是名词的选项有三个，分别是alternatives （adj. 替代的; 另类的; 备选的; 其他的; n.可供选择的事物）； elements（成分; 原理，基础; 要素）；function（n. 功能，作用; 应变量，函数; 职务; 重大聚会;）。结合句意，不难得出答案。

【3】根据划线部分后面的名词solutions（解决办法）可以知道该空应该是填一个形容词，又根据划线部分前面的代词These可以知道，后面所说的内容其实是指代前一句话的内容“设计工厂已经把一个固定的办公室转变为一个创造性地灵活环境”。备选答案中能够和创造性同义的词就只有这个选项innovative革新的

【4】根据划线部分前面的has also been以及划线部分后面的by changes，这是典型的被动语态的结构形式have/has been done by sth.所以可以知道答案选项应该是过去分词形式。备选的答案有assigned（分派）；confirmed（确认），根据句意可以知道答案是confirmed.

【5】根据划线部分前面的are及主语offices and work spaces （物作主语），也可以判断该题应该是过去分词形式，表被动。结合上一题（44题）剩下的备选答案，通过语意判断，该句表达的是办公室及工作空间不是分派给一个人永久使用。所以答案为assigned.

【6】该句意为另一个重要的设计目标就是交流，这意味着设计者已经通过降低分割工作空间的墙来改善。根据划线部分前面的that以及前面的wall，可以判断这是一个定语从句，修饰墙。再根据句意中的交流，不能得出答案是分割的separate。

【7】根据划线部分前面的employees'这个名词所有格及划线部分后的介词，可以知道这个空格要填名词形式。如果从搭配的角度来看，基本可以确定答案为access, access to 的意思是进入。如果按照意思来排除，也可以知道答案是access。本句意为“设计者也创造了一个非正式的聚会地方，同时也更新了员工进入如复印室和咖啡屋之类的地方。”

【8】根据划线部分前面的结构 competing （竞争的） and ,可以知道，空格应该填写一个和competing 结构上相同（动名词形式），意思是相近的。在备选答案中，动名词的形式有两个conflicting （相矛盾的，冲突的）和supporting （支持的）。综合分析，conflicting才是和competing才是答案。

【9】本句意为“这种要求要注意均衡内饰的需要和使得员工起到最好的作用，内饰在一定程度上，可以加强，建立或促进公司的形象。”根据划线部分前面的to，结合搭配enable sb to do sth可以知道空格填动词形式，而且是原形。到现在的备选答案只有function，所以答案就是它了。另外，要注意function可以做不及物动词动词及名词。

【10】根据划线部分的前面是these，后面是of可以知道空格要填的是一个名词形式。再根据these 的指代作用，知道这个名词应该是一个还有概括意义的词。综合上面的题目，剩下的备选答案是elements（要素）和supporting（支持），其中supporting 词性不对，这也表明supporting是多余的那种选项。所以答案是elements. 本句意为“所有的这些办公室要素都有关联”