阅读下面对话,掌握其大意,并根据所给首字母的提示,在标有题号的右边横线上写出一个英语单词的完整、正确形式,使对话通顺.

M:Have you heard?The British government is planning to tax plastic bags?

W:Yes, it was on the news.They want to r

  1   the amount of rubbish.I can’t help but feel that it’s a good idea because they can’t be recycled.

M:They’ve already done it in Ireland.If you go to the supermarket there, you have to p

  2   for each plastic bag.

W:So most people use the s  3   bags over again, do they?

M:Yes.And the supermarket sells thick plastic bags which last l  4  

W:And there’s a lot less rubbish in the streets, isn’t there?

M:Yes.But it’s not just in Europe that plastic bags are Damaging the e  5  .In many d  6   countries it’s even worse.

They’re causing a serious problem.In south Africa, for example, they call plastic bags the national flowers because the wind blows them e  7  .Now the government has stopped them and you can go to prison for 10 years if you use them.

W:In Bangladesh too.They say that plastic bags were largely responsible for the terrible floods in 1988 and 1998.They blocked the drains and rainwater couldn’t flow a  8  

M:It’s scary.They don’t look dangerous but there’re so many that t hey can kill.In India, cows eat them in the streets and then die.

W:In some parts of India they are stopped.From what I understand, you can go to prison for 7 years if you use them.

M:I can’t help but feel that sending people to prison is very hard.

W:That’s because the situation is so s  9  .And people are not reasonable.They won’t change their h  10  

 

 

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8.________

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9.________

10.________

 

John H. Johnson was born in a black family in Arkansas City in 1918. His father died in an accident when John was six. He was reaching the high school age, but his hometown offered no high school for blacks.
Fortunately he had a strong-willed caring mother. John remembered that his mother told him many times, “Son, you can be anything you really want to be if you just believe.” She told him not to depend on others, including his mother. “You have to earn success,” she said. “All the people who work hard don’t succeed, but the only people who do succeed are those who work hard.”
These words came from a woman with less than a third grade education. She also knew that believing and hard work don’t mean everything. So she worked hard as a cook for two years to save enough to take her son, who was then 15, to Chicago. Chicago in 1933 was not the promised land that black southerners were looking for. John’s mother and stepfather could not find work. But here John could go to school, and here he learned the power of words---as an editor of the newspaper and yearbook at Du Sable High School. His wish was to publish a magazine for blacks.
While others discouraged him, John’s mother offered him more words to live by: “Nothing beats a failure but a try. ” She also let him pawn(典当)her furniture to get the $500 he needed to start the Negro magazine for blacks.
It is natural that difficulties and failures followed John closely until he became very successful. He always keeps his mother’s words in mind.: “Son, failure is not in your vocabulary!”
Now John H. Johnson is one of the 400 richest people in America---worth $150 million.
【小题1】John’s mother decided to move to Chicago because_______.

A.his father died when John was very young.
B.life was too hard for them to stay on in their hometown
C.John needed more education badly
D.there were no school for Negroes in their hometown
【小题2】John’s mother________.
A.didn’t believe in or depend on others
B.thought one could be whatever one wanted to be
C.believed one would succeed without working hard
D.thought no one could succeed without working hard.
【小题3】The sentence “Nothing beats a failure but a try” means _______.
A.if you try, you would succeed
B.a failure is difficult to beat, even if you try
C.a try is always followed by a failure
D.no failure can be beaten unless you try

China is going green. In order to reduce air pollution and oil shortages, automobile manufacturers have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles (混合燃料汽车) for the Chinese market. Toyota's hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week. Let's have a look at the new car.

Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. Hybrid cars run off a rechargeable battery and gasoline. Hybrid cars have special engines, which are smaller than traditional gasoline engines. They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is cruising (匀速行驶). A specially designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration is needed.

Step into a Prius, and turn on the engine. The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a traditional car. At this point, the car's gasoline engine is dormant (休眠). The electric motor will provide power until the car reaches about 24 km/h. If you stay at a low speed, you are effectively driving an electric car, with no gasoline being used, and no waste gas gives off.

The onboard (车载的) computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine, when to go electric, and when to use a combination of the two. If you go over 24 km/h, when you step on the gas pedal (油门), you are actually telling the computer how fast you want to go.

The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries. When driving at high speed, the gasoline engine not only powers the car, but also charges the batteries. Any time you use the brake, the electric motor in the wheels will work like a generator and produce electricity to recharge the batteries. As a consequence, the car's batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.

1.The author writes this passage mainly to________.

A. teach people how to drive a hybrid car

B. introduce a new kind of “green” car

C. show how to save their gasoline when driving a car

D. announce plans to develop hybrid vehicles for China

2.Which of the followings is NOT true?

A. The hybrid cars reduce air pollution and oil shortages.

B. The car's gasoline engine doesn't work until it reaches about 24 km/h.

C. This kind of car is completely controlled by an onboard computer.

D. A specially designed battery motor provides extra power when needed.

3.What is the most important feature of hybrid cars?

A. They are powered by both a rechargeable battery and gasoline.

B. They are much quieter than traditional cars.

C. They only use 99 percent of their power to run up hills.

D. They have smaller engines than traditional gasoline ones.

4.What can we conclude from the story?

A. The batteries can be recharged at any time you want.

B. Using the brake suggests that the gasoline engine should work.

C. The batteries will last for 200, 000 miles without being recharged.

D. The gasoline engine charges the batteries as well as powers the car.

 

阅读理解。
        A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in almost the same
words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as formal texts. It is always much better
to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the
time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.
        A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or making him sad
thinking. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have
read fairy stories were more often sorry for cruelty than those who had not. As to fears, there are, I think,
some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises(出现)
from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into
the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.
        There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true,
that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc. do not exist; and that, instead of being fond
of the strange side in fairy tales, the child should be taught to learn the reality by studying history. I find such
people, I must say so peculiar(奇怪的) that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case were
sound, the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or
covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girl-friend.
        No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believe
d that it was.
1. The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is _______.
A. repeated without any change
B. treated as a joke
C. made some changes by the parent
D. set in the present
2. According to the passage, great fear can take place in a child when the story is _______.
A. in a realistic setting          
B. heard for the first time
C. repeated too often        
D. told in a different way h
3. The advantage claimed(提出) for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it _______.
A. makes them less fearful
B. develops their power of memory
C. makes them believe there is nothing to be afraid of
D. encourages them not to have strange beliefs
4. The author’s mention of sticks and telephones is meant to suggest that _______.
A. fairy stories are still being made up
B. there is some misunderstanding about fairy tales
C. people try to modernize old fairy stories
D. there is more concern for children's fears nowadays
5. One of the reasons why some people are not in favor of fairy tales is that _______.
A. they are full of imagination
B. they just make up the stories which are far from the truth
C. they are not interesting
D. they make teachers of history difficult to teach

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