题目内容

One of the world's richest men has taken a close interest in one of man’s most basic functions: visiting the toilet.Bill Gates’s charitable organization, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, is looking for inventors to design the loo of the future, which, they hope, would improve sanitation for millions of people around the world.

So, what's wrong with the traditional flush toilet? Firstly, it wastes a huge amount of potential drinking water.Secondly, they are more likely to cause pollution.This is a real problem in many areas of the developing world, where, according to United Nations estimates, unsafe sanitation causes half of all hospitalizations.Younger people are particularly at risk.Illnesses which cause diarrhea are responsible for the deaths of about 1.5 million children a year.Finally, standard lavatories simply aren’t practical in remote areas.

The challenge set by Bill Gates was to come up with a latrine which works without running water, electricity or aseptic tank(化粪池).It also needed to operate for less than 5 cents.28 designs were displayed at the recent Reinvent the Toilet Fair in Seattle, USA.Among them was one which turned human waste into electricity using microwaves, another which converted human waste into charcoal, and yet another which used urine for flushing.

But the winner was a solar-powered design which generated hydrogen gas and electricity.The team from the California Institute of Technology(CIT)picked up a prize of $ 100,000.

But clearly Bill Gates doesn’t feel he’s flushing money down the toilet.After the Seattle event he said, “We, couldn’t be happier with the response we’ve gotten,” Gates has even pledged $370m more to the future toilet project.They hope to field test more prototypes over the next three years.

1.Why is Bill Gates paying people to invent new toilets?

A.Because he wants to test people’s sense of creativity.

B.Because he wants to improve sanitation for many people.

C.Because he thinks the traditional ones are out of fashion.

D.Because he can’t design this kind of things himself.

2.Which of the following is NOT a problem with the traditional flush toilet?

A.They waste too much water.

B.They might cause diseases.

C.They are not always practical.

D.They are too complicated to use.

3.The underlined word “latrine” in the third paragraph might have similar meanings to the word “__ ”n the text.

A.Loo              B.sanitation          C.diarrhea          D.prototype

4.The team from CIT won the prize because their design        .

A.can change human waste into electricity

B.can turn human waste into charcoal

C.can produce power with solar energy

D.can use urine for flushing

5.If someone “flush money down the toilet”, they are       .

A.showing off their wealth

B.being angry with their work onditions

C.wasting money for nothing

D.expressing their great determination

 

【答案】

1.B

2.D

3.A

4.C

5.C

【解析】

试题分析:这篇文章讲了世界首富比尔盖茨对厕所的功能很感兴趣,由于现在的抽水马桶存在很多弊端,所以他们正在研发未来的厕所。

1.根据Bill Gates’s charitable organization, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, is looking for inventors to design the loo of the future, which, they hope, would improve sanitation for millions of people around the world.故选B。

2.根据Firstly, it wastes a huge amount of potential drinking water.Secondly, they are more likely to cause pollution.This is a real problem in many areas of the developing world, where, according to United Nations estimates, unsafe sanitation causes half of all hospitalizations.Younger people are particularly at risk.Illnesses which cause diarrhea are responsible for the deaths of about 1.5 million children a year.Finally, standard lavatories simply aren’t practical in remote areas.故选D。

3.latrine是厕所的意思,而Loo 也是厕所的意思,所以答案为A。

4.根据But the winner was a solar-powered design which generated hydrogen gas and electricity. The team from the California Institute of Technology(CIT)picked up a prize of $ 100,000,因此选C。

5.根据But clearly Bill Gates doesn’t feel he’s flushing money down the toilet.与选项C相符,为正确答案。

考点:说明文阅读理解。

点评:要想答好题目,重在理解全文意思。这篇文章比较难,先看问题,再带着问题读短文,找出各段落的主旨句,理解全文内容,总结全文中心,然后再回到问题上来,很容易选出正确答案。

 

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Xinhua Sept.25,2008

       JIUQUAN, Gansu---China launched successfully its third manned spacecraft on Thursday with three astronauts on board to attempt the country’s first-ever space walk.

       The spaceship Shenzhou VII blasted off(发射) on a Long March II-F carrier rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the northwestern Gansu Province at 9:10pm.after a breathtaking countdown to another milestone on China’s space journey.

       On board pilots Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng are expected to orbit the earth for three days, when one of them will float out of the cabin about 343 kilometers above the earth.

       When they make it, China will become the third country in the world who is able to conduct extravehicular activity (EVA) in space following the former Soviet Union and the United States.

       President Hu Jintao watched the historic moment at the launch center, joined by Chinese experts and other work staff.

       Hu briefly met the trio astronauts before they entered the spacecraft Thursday afternoon, wishing them “a complete success in this glorious and sacred mission”.

       “During the mission, you will carry out China’s EVA with homemade EVA space suit, which is a great leap for China’s space technology.” said Hu.

       Other tasks of the Shenzhou VII crew include the release of a small monitoring satellite and a trial of the data relay of the satellite Tianlian-I.

       If successful, the mission would be of great significance to the country’s future plans to build a space lab and a space station, said ZhangJianqi, deputy chief commander of the manned space project.

In which section would the passage be seen in a newspaper?

       A.Science and Technology.        B.Entertainment.

       C.Sports report.                 D.Advertisement

Which one is NOT true according to the report?

       A.China launched its third manned spacecraft.

       B.The pilots on board are expected to orbit the earth for three days

       C.The spaceship Shenzhou VII blasted off  three astronauts on board.

       D.One of the three astronauts will float out of the cabin above the earth.

What is the great leap for China’s space technology during the space journey?

       A.The spaceship Shenzhou VII blasted off successfully.

       B.The astronauts will carry out China’s EVA with homemade EVA space suit.

       C.Three astronauts are expected to orbit the earth for 3 days.

       D.The spaceship Shenzhou VII will release a small monitoring satellite.

The tasks of the Shenzhou VII crew include the following EXCEPT ________.

       A.the release of a small monitoring satellite

       B.a trial of the data relay of the satellite Tianlian-I

       C.carrying out China’s EVA with homemade EVA space suit

       D.building a space lab and a space station   

Louis Armstrong had two famous nicknames(绰号). Some people called him Bagamo. They said his mouth looked like a large bag. Musicians often called him Pops, as a sign of respect for his influence(影响)on the world of music.

Born in 1901 in New Orleans, he grew up poor, but lived among great musicians. Jazz was invented in the city a few years before his birth. Armstrong often said, “Jazz and I grew up together. ”

Armstrong showed a great talent for music when he was taught to play the cornet(短号)at a boy’s home. In his late teens, Armstrong began to live the life of a musician. He played in parades, clubs, and on the steamboats that travelled on the Mississippi River. At that time, New Orleans was famous for the new music of jazz and was home to many great musicians. Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal.

In 1922 he went to Chicago. There, the tale of Louis Armstrong begins. From then until the end of his life, Armstrong was celebrated and loved wherever he went. Armstrong had no equal when it came to playing the American popular song.

His cornet playing had a deep humanity(仁爱)and warmth that caused many listeners to say, “Listening to Pops just makes you feel good all over. ”He was the father of the jazz style and also one of the best-known and most-admired people in the world. His death, on July 6, 1971, was headline news around the world.

Armstrong was called Pops because he ______.

A. looked like a musician                   B. was a musician of much influence

C. showed an interest in music             D. travelled to play modern music

The third paragraph is developed ______.

A. by space            B. by examples             C. by time             D. by comparison

Which statement about Armstrong is true?

A. His tale begins in New Orleans.              B. He was born before jazz was invented.

C. His music was popular with his listeners.       D. He learned popular music at a boy’s home.

Which would be the best title for the text?

A. The Invention of the Jazz Music.              B. The Father of the Jazz Style.

C. The Making of a Musician.                   D. The Spread of Popular Music.

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