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I have the best friend who I can share everything with. His name was Li Gang, and we¡¯re in the same grades. Li Gang is a good student because he is very hardworking. He is good in all subjects, especially math. I¡¯ve learned a lot of from him. Besides that, he¡¯s honesty. I trust him complete and we share secrets all the time. He always remember my birthday and he is fun be with. He tells funny jokes but always makes me laugh. Finally, he is a very good listener. I hope we¡¯ll stay friends forever.

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¡°Community¡± is not a concept that is easy to define(¶¨Òå). In this essay I will examine what turns individuals into a community, and discuss some different types. I will also look at what all communities have in common, the benefits they offer and draw conclusions about their increasing importance.

The word ¡°community¡± may make you think of traditional communities in the developing world, where large families live together. We may also imagine the neighbours as people who are happy to help out whenever it is needed. The stereotypical(ÀÏÌ×µÄ) view is that of a village, where people have little but can feel very rich because everyone takes responsibility for the welfare of the others.

On the other hand, there are other types of communities: ultramodern(³¬ÏÖ´úµÄ) ones, where the community members are unlikely to have actually met each other. These are online communities, where people blog or chat about particular issues that are important to them. They come across others on websites and may develop a relationship there with like-minded people, discussing the same topics. The view is often that these are artificial connections between people who are, in fact, still isolated(¹ÂÁ¢µÄ) strangers.

In reality, the connections are real. Moreover, there are many types of communities in between these extremes: people who join clubs, who sign up with voluntary, political or other organizations, or who take part in group discussions in their local area. They may be campaigning about issues or simply getting together for companionship and support.

Human beings are social by nature, so it should not be a surprise that we organize ourselves in groups. However, there is more going on: these groups provide something that we cannot achieve on our own. The main benefit of being part of a larger group is strength in numbers. For example, we can access and share more information, we can take part in team sports, we can complain and campaign more effectively and even if we are just having a chat, online or in person, we can feel supported in whatever we do.

Whatever forms communities take, what defines them is the sense of identity and safety that they provide for their members: the knowledge that there are people who we have something in common with and who can be relied on when we need each other.

1.In traditional communities, people ______.

A. live in a large family

B. are wealthy but unhappy

C. are isolated and don¡¯t have connections

D. help and care about each other

2.According to the text, online community members ______.

A. develop a close working relationship

B. share opinions about issues on websites

C. communicate with each other in person

D. share the same interest but have no relations

3.Paragraph 5 mainly talks about ______.

A. the types of community

B. the culture of community

C. the benefits of community

D. the definition of community

4.Communities provide their members with ______.

A. a sense of identity and safety

B. a sense of social responsibility

C. chances of meeting new people

D. chances of developing their interests

A newspaper, a publication usually issued on a daily or weekly basis, has the main function of reporting news. Many newspapers also furnish their readers with other pieces of useful information, such as weather reports, television schedules, and stock prices. They provide commentary (ÆÀÂÛ) on politics, economics, and arts and culture. In nearly all cases and in varying degrees, newspapers depend on commercial advertising for their income.

Newspaper publishers estimate that nearly six out of ten adults in the United States and Canada read a newspaper every day, and seven out of ten read a paper each weekend. By the time they see a newspaper; most people have already heard about breaking news stories on television or on the radio. Readers rely on newspapers to provide detailed background information and analysis (·ÖÎö) which television and radio rarely offer. Newspapers not only inform readers that an event has happened but also help readers understand what led to the event and how it will affect the world.

The staff of a large newspaper works under the constant pressure of deadlines to bring news to readers as quickly as their minds, bodies and the technology they use permit. Reporters, photographers, artists, and editors compile (±àд) articles and graphics ¡ª sometimes in just a few hours. Page designers combine articles, photos, advertisements, and eye-catching headlines into page layouts (°æÃæ), then rush their work to the printer. Printing technicians may work through the night operating printing presses that can print out more than 60,000 copies per hour.

1.What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?

A. How many people read newspapers.

B. Why many people read newspapers.

C. How a newspaper comes into being.

D. How newspapers affect us.

2.According to the passage, why do people read newspapers?

A. People want to know what happened.

B. Newspapers are cheaper than any other news medium.

C. Newspapers are more convenient than any other news medium.

D. Newspaper can supply us with more detailed information.

3.The underlined word in Paragraph 1 means "________".

A. offerB. reviewC. foundD. produce

4.According to the passage, what affects the pace of a newspaper's publication?

A. The editors.

B. The printers.

C. The newspapers¡¯ human resources and technology.

D. The reporters.

Art museums are places where people can learn about various cultures .The increasingly popular ¡°design museums¡± that are opening today ,however ,perform quite a different role .Unlike most art museums ,the design museum shows objects that are easily found by the general public .These museums sometimes even place things like fridges and washing machines in the center of the hall.

People have argued that design museums are often made use of as advertisements for new industrial technology. But their role is not simply a matter of sales¡ªit is the honoring of excellently invented products. The difference between the window of a department store and the showcase in a design museum is that the first tries to sell you something ,while the second tells you the success of a sale.

One advantage of design museums is that they are places where people feel familiar with the exhibits .Unlike the average art museum visitors ,design museum visitors seldom feel frightened or puzzled .This is partly because design museums clearly show how and why mass-produced products work and look as they do ,and how design has improved the quality of our lives .Art museum exhibits ,on the other hand ,would most probably fill visitors with a feeling that there is something between their understanding.

In recent years ,several new design museums have opened their door ,Each of these museums has tried to satisfy the public¡¯s growing interest in the field with new ideas .London¡¯s Design Museum ,for example ,shows a collection of mass-produced objects from Zippo lighters to electric typewriters to a group of Italian fish-tins .The choices open to design museums seem far less strict than those to art museums ,and visitors may also sense the humorous part of our society while walking around such exhibits as interesting and unusually attractive toys collected in our everyday life.

1.Showcases in design museums are different from store windows because they.

A£®show more technologically advanced products

B£®help increase the sales of products

C£®show why the products have sold well

D£®attract more people than store windows do

2.The author believes that most design museum visitors .

A£®do not admire mass-produced products

B£®are puzzled with technological exhibits

C£®dislike exhibits in art museums

D£®know the exhibits very well

3.The choices open to design museums .

A£®are not as strict as those to art museums

B£®are not aimed to interest the public

C£®may fail to bring some pleasure to visitors

D£®often contain precious exhibits

If you have a chance to go to Finland, you will probably be surprised to find how ¡°foolish¡± the Finnish people are.

Take the taxi drivers for example. Taxis in Finland are mostly high-class Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer. You can go anywhere in one, tell the driver to drop you at any place, say that you have some business to attend to, and then walk off without paying your fare. The driver would not show the least sign of anxiety.

The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests, but also serve outside diners. Hotel guests have their meals free, so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals. The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration card to the waiter. With such a loose check, you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge.

The Finnish workers are paid by the hour. They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss on the rate(¼ÛÇ®). From then on, they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly(ÏàÓ¦µØ).

With so many loopholes(©¶´) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take ¡°petty advantages¡±. But the strange thing is, all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fare after they have attended to their business; not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms. And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in. As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do, living in such a society has turned everyone into a real ¡°gentleman¡±.

In a society of such high moral practice, what need is there for people to be on guard against others?

1.While taking a taxi in Finland, ________.

A. a passenger can go anywhere without having to pay the driver

B. a passenger can never be turned down by the taxi driver wherever he wants to go

C. a passenger pays two US dollars for a taxi ride

D. a passenger needs to provide good faith demonstration (Ö¤Ã÷) before leaving without paying

2.We know from the passage that big hotels in Finland ________.

A. provide meals for any diners

B. are mostly poorly managed

C. provide free wine and charge for food

D. provide meal for only those who live in the hotels

3.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. The workers in Finland are paid by the hour.

B. The workers are always honest with their working hours.

C. The bosses in Finland are too busy to check the working hours of their employees.

D. The workers and their bosses will make an agreement in advance about the pay.

4.The word ¡°those¡± in the last but one paragraph probably refers to ________.

A. people who are worthy of trust

B. people who often have meals in big hotels

C. people who often take taxis

D. people who are dishonest

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