Among rich countries, people in the United States work the longest hours. They work much longer than in Europe. This difference is quite surprising because productivity per hour worked is the same in 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Among rich countries, people in the United States work the longest hours. They work much longer than in Europe. This difference is quite surprising because productivity per hour worked is the same in the United States as it is in France, Spain and Germany, and it is growing at a similar speed.

In most countries and at most times in history, as people have become richer they have chosen to work less. In other words they have decided to “spend” a part of their extra income on a fuller personal life. Over the last fifty years Europeans have continued this pattern, and hours of work have fallen sharply. But not in the United States. We do not fully know why this is. One reason may be greatly lower taxes in America, which increase the rewards (回报) to work. Another may be more satisfying work, or less satisfying personal lives.

Longer hours do of course increase the GDP (国内生产总值). So the United States has produced more per worker than, say, France. The United Sates also has more of its people at work, while in France many more mothers and older workers have decided to stay at home. The overall result is that American GDP per head is 40% higher than in France, even though productivity per hour worked is the same.

It is not clear which of the two situations is better. As we have seen, work has to be compared with other values like family life, which often get lost in its interest. It is too early to explain the

different trends (趋势) in happiness over time in different countries. But it is a disappointing idea that in the United States happiness has made no progress since 1975, while it has risen in Europe. Could this have anything to do with trends in the work-life balance (平衡)?

56．From the text we know that the author ___________.

A．believes that longer working hours is better

B．prefers shorter working hours to longer ones

C．says nothing certain about which pattern is better

D．thinks neither of the patterns is good

57．Which of the following countries has more of its people at work?

A．Spain. B．France.

C．Germany. D．America.

58．In the last paragraph, the underlined word “which” refers to __________.

A．family life B．situations

C．other values D．trends

59．What message can we get from the text?

A．The GDP of Europe is higher than that of America.

B．Two possible reasons are given for working longer hours in the US.

C．People all over the world choose to work less when they are richer.

D．Americans are happier than Europeans.

60．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A．Americans and Europeans. B．Staying at Home.

C．Work and Productivity. D．Work and Happiness.

56．A．

解析：细节推理题。依据文章第二段最后二句。

57．B．

解析：细节题。依据文章第三段。

58．C．

解析：词义推测题。依据文章最后一段“正如我们所看见的那样，工作必须与像家庭生活一样的其他价值相比较的话，它们往往就失去了其重要性”。

59．D．

解析：推理题。依据文章第二段最后三句。

60．B．

解析：主旨大意题。文章最后一段揭示了主题。

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In most countries and at most times in history, as people have become richer they have chosen to work less. In other words they have decided to “spend” a part of their extra income on a fuller personal life. Over the last fifty years Europeans have continued this pattern, and hours of work have fallen sharply. But not in the United States. We do not fully know why this is. One reason may be more satisfying work, or less satisfying personal lives.

Longer hours do of course increase the GDP (国内生产总值). So the United States has produced more per worker than, say, France. The United States also has more of its people at work, while in France many more mothers and older workers have decided to stay at home. The overall result is that American GDP per head is 40% higher than in France, even though productivity per hour worked is the same.

It is not clear which of the two situations is better. As we have seen, work has to be compared with other values like family life, which often get lost in interest. It is too early to explain the different trends（趋势）in happiness over time in different countries. But it is a disappointing idea that in the United States happiness has made no progress since 1975, while it has risen in Europe. Could this have anything to do with trends in the work-life balance (平衡)?

From the text we know that the author_______.

A. believes that longer working hours is better

B. prefers shorter working hours to longer ones

C. says nothing certain about which pattern is better

D. thinks neither of the patterns is good

Which of the following countries has more of its people at work?

A. Spain. B. France. C. Germany. D. America.

What message can we get from the text?

A. The GDP of Europe is higher than that of America.

B. Two possible reasons are given for working longer hours in the US.

C. People all over the world choose to work less when they are richer.

D. Americans are happier than Europeans.

Ⅲ阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第—节阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Among rich countries, people in the United States work the longest hours. They work much longer than in Europe. This difference is quite surprising because productivity per hour worked is the same in the United States as it is in France, Spain and Germany, and it is growing at a similar speed.
In most countries and at most times in history, as people have become richer they have chosen to work less. In other words they have decided to “spend” a part of their extra income on a fuller personal life. Over the last fifty years Europeans have continued this pattern, and hours of work have fallen sharply. But not in the United States. We do not fully know why this is. One reason may be greatly lower taxes in America, which increase the rewards to work. Another may be more satisfying work, or less satisfying personal lives.
Longer hours do of course increase the GDP (国内生产总值). So the United States has produced more per worker than, say, France. The United States also has more of its people at work, while in France many more mothers and older workers have decided to stay at home. The overall result is that American GDP per head is 40% higher than in France, even though productivity per hour worked is the same.
It is not clear which of the two situations is better. As we have seen, work has to be compared with other values like family life, which often get lost in interest. It is too early to explain the different trends（趋势）in happiness over time in different countries. But it is a disappointing idea that in the United States happiness has made no progress since 1975, while it has risen in Europe. Could this have anything to do with trends in the work-life balance?
41.From the text we know that the author___________.
A. believes that longer working hours is better
B. prefers shorter working hours to longer ones
C. says nothing certain about which pattern is better
D. thinks neither of the patterns is good
42.Which of the following countries has more of its people at work?
A. Spain.          B. France.        C. Germany.        D. America.                43.In the last paragraph, the underlined word “which” refers to ______.
A. family life       B. situations      C. other values      D. trends
44.What message can we get from the text?
A. The GDP of Europe is higher than that of America.
B. Two possible reasons are given for working longer hours in the US.
C. People all over the world choose to work less when they are richer.
D. Americans are happier than Europeans.
45.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Americans and Europeans           B. Staying at Home
C. Work and Productivity              D. Work and Happiness

第一节完成句子（共10小题；每小题1分，，满分10分）

1.In the 1990s the shawls ____ _____ ________ (成为时尚)among rich people.

2.Many roads are ____ _____ _____ (状况不佳)and accidents happen frequently.

3.In those countries where the shawls are sold, police are____ ______ _____ (严厉打击) the dealers.

4.The number of young people with money to spend was _____ _____ ______(在增加).

5.Whole herds of antelopes are shot and skinned _____ _____ ______(在现场).

6.I am writing ______ _______ ______(回应) your advertisement for a temporary position as a waiter.

7.Many elements of African culture were ______ ______ (添加)to the festival.

8.The Siberian tiger, ______ mainly _____(以……为食)small mammals, is found in northeastern China.

9.Wearing masks, famous people could have romantic adventures in secret and many crimes ______ ______ （逃脱惩处）.

10.The WWF ______ ______ (代表)the World Wide Fund for Nature.

Among rich countries, people in the Untied States work the longest hours. They work much longer than in Europe. This difference is quite surprising because productivity per hour worked is the same in the Untied States as it is in France, Spain and Germany, and it is growing at a similar speed.

In most countries and at most times in history, as people have become richer they have chosen to work less. In other words they have decided to “spend” a part of their extra income on a fuller personal life. Over the last fifty years Europeans have continued this pattern, and hours of work have fallen sharply. But not in the Untied States. We do not fully know why this is. One reason may be greatly lower taxes in America, which increase the rewards（回报）to work. Another may be more satisfying work, or less satisfying personal lives.

Longer hours do of course increase the GDP（国民生产总值）. So the United States has produced more per worker than, say, France. The United States also has more of its people at work, while in France many more mothers and older workers have decided to stay at home. The overall result is that American GDP per head is 40% higher than in France, even though productivity per hour worked is the same.

It is not clear which of the two situation is better. As we have seen, work has to be compared with other values like family life, which often get lost in its interest. It is too early to explain the different trends（趋势）in happiness over time in different countries. But it is a disappointing idea that in the Untied States happiness had made no progress since 1975, while it has risen in Europe. Could this have anything to do with trends in the work-life balance（平衡）?

1.From the text we know that author ________.

A. says nothing certain about which pattern is better

B. prefers shorter working hours to longer ones

C. believes that longer working hours is better

D. thinks neither of the patterns is good

2.Which of the following countries has more of its people at work?

A. Spain B. America C. Germany D. France

3.In the last paragraph , the underlined word “which” refers to _______.

A. family life B. situations C. other values D. trends

4.What message can we get from the text?

A. People all over the world choose to work less when they are richer.

B. Americans are happier than Europeans

C. The GDP of Europe is higher than that of America.

D. Two possible reasons are given for working longer hours in the US.

5.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A. Staying at Home B. Work and Happiness

C. Work and Productivity D. Americans and Europeans

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