Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers.Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in st 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers.

Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present.

The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment. “While coughing is not necessarily harmful, it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,” said Professor Peter Barnes.

Ten healthy volunteers were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment. Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill. The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine is stopping coughs.

The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin needed to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group. When they were given codeine they need only slightly higher levels of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo.

The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a nerve activity (神经活动), which causes coughing. They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness.

1.According to Professor Barnes, theobromine ______.

A. cannot be as effective as codeine

B. can be harmful to people’s health

C. cannot be separated from chocolate

D. can be a more effective cure for coughs

2.We learn from the text that volunteers in the experiment _______.

A. were patients with bad coughs

B. were divided into three groups

C. received standard treatments

D. suffered little side effects

3.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A. Codeine: A New Medicine

B. Chocolate May Cure Coughs

C. Cough Treatment: A Hard Case

D. Theobromine Can Cause Coughs

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1.Realizing Hu Jin didn’t turned up, Li Fang was disappointed and d______ his sadness in coffee.

2.My English teacher suggests that we needn’t c_________ the dictionary for every unknown word.

3.When applying for a new job, please take your own s___________ and weaknesses into consideration.

4.As is well-known, it takes devotion and p________ to be a good nurse in the public hospital.

5.Hurry up, and we only have a l________ amount of time to complete this challenging task.

6.Blackwell is 59 years old, but still strong and e__________ to take part in the local running race.

7.True friends think it necessary to a_________ to the other if one does something wrong.

8.The girl would not stay outside overnight without her mother’s p________.

9.Two wealthy brothers saw a penniless young man w_________ on the pavement, not knowing what to do.

10.It was c______ that drove Wang Peng into Yong Hui’s restaurant and he felt amazed.

根据短文内容，判断以下句子的正（T）误（F）。

I began as a calculating machine in 1642 in France. In 1822 I was built as an analytical machine. Then in 1936 Alan Turing wrote a book and built a universal machine. As the years have gone by, I have been made smaller. There were times when my size totally changed. And my memory became so large that I couldn’t believe it. In the 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network. I was able to share my knowledge with others through the World Wide Web. Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.

1.In 1642 I was made as a calculating machine in England.

2.I became an analytical machine in 1822.

3.Charles Babbage wrote a book and built a universal machine in 1936.

4.My size became smaller but my memory became so large.

5.I was connected by a network in the 1970s.

Recently a professor of philosophy(哲学)in the United States has written a book called Money and the Meaning of Life. He has discovered that how we deal with money in our day to day life has more meaning than we usually think. One of the exercises he has asked his students to do is to keep a record of every penny they spend for a week. From the way they spend their money, they can see what they really value(重视)in life．

The professor says our relation with others often becomes clearly defined(明确)when money enters the picture. You might have wonderful friendship with somebody and you think that you are very good friends. But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some money．If he does，it brings something to the relationship that seems stronger than ever before. Otherwise it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesn’t． Since money is so important to us, we consider those who are rich to be very important. The professor interviews some rich people in his research for his book．

Question: What is the most surprising thing you have discovered about being rich?

Answer : The most surprising thing is why people give me so much respect(尊重). I am nothing．I don’t know much．All I am is rich．

People just have an idea of making more and more money, but what is it for? How much money do I need for any given purpose in my life? In his book，the professor uncovered an important need in modern society：to bring back the idea that money is a tool rather than the end．Money plays an important role in the material world，but expecting money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.

1.The students are asked to keep a record of every penny they spend to______.

A. learn how to spend money

B. learn how to make more money

C. know what to write in a record

D. know what is important in life

2.In the second paragraph, the professor mainly tells us ________.

A. never to borrow money from a friend

B. friendship disappears when it comes to money

C. money can influence friendship

D. money can weaken friendship

3.Through his book，the professor seems to tell us ．

A. money is very important in the material world

B. the purpose of our life is to make money

C. money does not surely mean happiness

D. we should value money in our life

4.Which of the following might the author disagree?

A. Money is important in modern society.

B. The meaning of life does not completely lie in money.

C. Wealth will surely bring the owner happiness.

D. Happiness is not necessarily the result of wealth.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式

He is the man who for many people has been a role model. Now There is a special day when you can express your thanks and let him know 1. important he is to you. Father’s Day 2. (fall) on the third Sunday of June. The idea of Father’s Day came from 3. American woman called Sonora Smart Dodd in 1909. Dodd wanted a special day 4. (honor) her father. He raised six children by 5. after his wife died. Dodd thought there needed to be a day to honor loving dads.

The first Father’s Day 6. (celebrate) on June 19, 1910. In 1924, US President Calvin Coolidge supported the idea of a 7. (nation) Father’s Day. Finally, in 1966, President Lyndon Johnson declared the third Sunday of June 8. Father’s Day.

Here are some ways to show your love and respect:

Send him a greeting card. Fathers prefer cards 9. are not too emotional（表现强烈情感的）. So choose one that will make him laugh. If he has a computer, cover his desktop（桌面） 10. words like “I love you Dad”. A small present, such as a framed photo of your family, can make him feel like a king.

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

My brother and I were alone at home because my parents had gone for a meeting and they had left me in charge. I was doing my homework while my younger brother was watching TV. Suddenly the doorbell rang. My younger brother rushed to the door thinking that our parents had come home, he unlocked the door and opened it.

Outside stood a tall man wearing a black raincoat and black rubber boots. He said he was a salesman and asked politely if out mother or father was at home.

Without thinking, my brother said:” No.” He asked if we would like to buy some comic books which he was selling. I quickly explained that we were not supposed to buy anything without our parent’s permission.

Then, as I was about to close the door, he forced his way into our house. He took out a knife and forced me to tie up my brother’s hands with some rope which he took out form his pocket. I tied up his hands but tied it in a special way so my brother could untie himself. The man then tied my hands up and locked both of us in the kitchen.

Soon, the went upstairs to search the bedroom for valuables. I managed to teach my brother to untie the rope on the his hands. He then untied me. I rushed to the telephone to call the police, but the line was dead. The doors were all locked from the outside and I did not have the keys to unlock them. Luckily, the robber forgot to lock the kitchen window. My brother managed to get out of the house through the window and I told him to go to the police station nearby and call for help.

注意：

1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右。

2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语。

3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

When other nine-year-old kids were playing games, she was working at a petrol station. When other teens were studying or going out, she struggled to find a place to sleep on the street. But she overcame these terrible setbacks to win a highly competitive scholarship and gain entry to Harvard University. And her amazing story has inspired a movie, “ Homeless to Harvard: The Liz Murray Story”, shown in late April.

Liz Murray，a 22-year-old American girl, has been writing a real-life story of willpower and determination. Liz grew up in the shadow of two drug-addicted parents. There was never enough food or warm clothes in the house. Liz was the only member who had a job. Her mother had AIDS and died when Liz was just 15 years old. The effect of that loss became a turning point in her life. Connecting the environment in which she had grown up with how her mother had died, she decided to do something about it.

Liz went back to school. She threw herself into her studies, never telling her teachers that she was homeless. At night, she lived on the streets. “ What drove me to live on had something to do with understanding, by understanding that there was a whole other way of being. I had only experienced a small part of the society,” she wrote in her book Breaking Night.

She admitted that she used envy to drive herself on. She used the benefits that come easily to others such as a safe living environment, to encourage herself that “next to nothing could hold me down”. She finished high school in just two years and won a full scholarship to study at Harvard University. But Liz decided to leave her top university a couple of months earlier this year in order to take care of her father, who has also developed AIDS. “I love my parents so much. They are drug addicts. But I never forget that they loved me all the time.”

Liz wants moviegoers to come away with the idea that changing your life is “as simple as making a decision”.

1.The main idea of the passage is __________ .

A. how Liz managed to enter Harvard University

B. What a hard time Liz had in her childhood

C. why Liz loved her parents so much

D. how Liz struggled to change her life

2.In which order did the following things happen to Liz ?

a. Her mother died of AIDS.

b. She worked at a petrol station.

c. She got admission into Harvard University.

d. The movie about her life was put on.

e. She had trouble about finding a place to sleep.

A. b, a , e , c, d B. a , b , c , e , d

C. e , d, b , a , c D. b , e , a , d , c

3.What actually made her go towards her goal?

A. Envy and encouragement.

B. Willpower and determination .

C. Decisions and understanding.

D. Love and respect for her parents.

4.When she wrote “What drove me to live on … I had only experienced a small part of the society”, she meant that __________ .

A. she had little experience of social life.

B. she could hardly understand the society.

C. she would do something for her own life.

D. she needed to travel more around the world.

On Nov.18th,1908, three men went up in a balloon. They started early in London. The headman was Augusta Gaudron, and the other two men were Tannar and Maitland. They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way.

Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope, and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So they were able to change its weight. It was for use over the sea. They were also carrying some bags of sand.

After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 metres, and the air was very cold. The water in the balloon became ice. Snow fell past the men's basket, and they could see more snow on the ground. The men tried to throw out some more sand; but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.

At last they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so they climbed to get away from the snow. They rose to 5,100 metres! Everything became icy. They were so cold that they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometers from London!

1.Three men flew in balloon ________.

A. for nearly 1,800 kilometers

B. to another city

C. to visit Poland

D. more than a century ago

2.The metal box was used for ________.

A. carrying the bags of sand

B. keeping drinking-water

C. carrying ropes of the basket

D. changing weight

3.When the balloon went up higher, ________.

A. the temperature of the balloon began to fall

B. They saw the sun go down

C. They made a hole in the basket with their knives

D. They could see a black hole on the ground

4.Which of the following is NOT true?________

A. The three men started their journey before the sun rose.

B. The balloon began to go up when they threw bags of sand out of the basket.

C. When they pulled the box into the basket, the balloon began to climb up.

D. The three men had to land because they felt cold.

_____ the government recovers the vehicle purchase tax and the oil prices go up continuously, the sales of the vehicle in China are still increasing every year.

A. When B. Once C. Since D. While

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