题目内容

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏子符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Long ago people used bells more than they do today. The postmen was used to ring a hand bell when they delivered letters. Fire engines had bells instead sirens(警笛). People which sold things came past houses, rang a bell and shouting what was for sale. In many country, bells were hung around the necks of animals. The bells help owners find lost cows or sheep. Today, at India, animals still wear bells. Now bells are used more because various modern sound-makers have taken its place. Now people try to keep the old bells in schools and churches so that they won’t lose their beautifully sounds forever.

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Football is a popular sport. More than a million kids play on high school teams, but football can be a hazard. The National Football League(NFL) has acknowledged that almost 30 percent of its players will eventually suffer from brain-related diseases. That’s a lot.

A recent study involving 40 former NFL players showed that those who started playing football before age 12 did worse on thinking tests than players who started after age 12. By the way, all the tested players scored below average for their age and education. Concerns about the effects of constant hits to the head have caused some medical experts on brain injuries, such as Robert Cantu of Boston University, to recommend that kids not play football before age 14.

I don’t think football is all bad. It helps kids learn teamwork, discipline and how to get into better physical condition. But now that we know that the sport might be dangerous, it’s time to make some changes in the youth and high school football.

First, seasons should be shorter. The high school regular season should not be more than nine games. Second, kids should not play tackle(擒抱) football too soon. As Cantu points out, “By age fourteen, our necks are strong and our overall body strength is sufficient to keep the head steady when we slam at the line of scrimmage(争球).” Personally speaking, I don’t think kids should sit on the couch until they are 14. But they can play flag football and other gentler sports. If you think age 14 is too late to become a good football player, remember that four-time Super Bowl winner Tom Brady started playing football at that age.

1.What does the underline word “hazard” mean?

A. difficulty. B. danger.

C. punishment. D. pain.

2.Why did the former NFL players perform badly in tests?

A. Their heads were hit frequently.

B. They had some mental disorders.

C. They didn’t take the tests seriously.

D. They received little school education.

3.What does the author advise for kids under 14?

A. They watch football games. B. They play safer games.

C. Football be forbidden for them. D. They play 10 games a season.

4.What is the purpose of the text?

A. To entertain. B. To advertise.

C. To instruct. D. To warn.

Monday 2nd January

I am in a small village in the Carpathian Mountains, north of Bucharest, the capital of Romania. I’ve come to see the brown bears, which come to the villages at night to look for food. They walk 20 kilometres a night to get here. A farmer told me that some of his sheep have been killed by bears. But this is unusual. Usually, the bears just take bits of food which people have thrown away. Tonight I hope I’ll see them.

Tuesday 3rd January

Last night I waited with a group of tourists and as it grew dark, we saw the huge black shapes of bears. It seems the bears don’t go for people, unless they are attacked first. They were not afraid of the tourists, who took photos of them. Those clever bears knew where to go for their dinner. They jumped straight into the rubbish, where there was lots of food which people had thrown away.

Wednesday 4th January

Although it’s wonderful to see the bears in the village, it can only mean one thing: their habitat is disappearing. They would prefer to stay hidden in the mountain forests, but the trees have been cut down for firewood. So they cannot find enough food any more.

Thursday 5th January

Today I met the head of the Carpathian Animal Protection Group. He says that there are only about 2,500 bears left, and is worried that they will soon become extinct. Rich people from other countries pay a lot of money to come and shoot the bears for sport. The poor people from these villages need the money. But perhaps they could make more money from the tourists who want to come just watch the bears; and this would continue in the future. Once the bears are all dead, the tourists will stop visiting the village. But if the bears keep visiting the villages, then, perhaps, so will the tourists.

1.The best title for this passage would be _____________.

A. Hungry Brown Bears B. Brown Bears in the Forest

C. Wandering Brown Bears D. Brown Bears—A Wonder

2.It is unusual to the writer that ________________.

A. the brown bears like to be taken photos of.

B. the bears come out at night to look for food

C. the bears just take bits of food thrown away

D. the bears have attacked a farmer’s sheep

3.The villagers could continue to earn money from the bears if _________.

A. they shot the bears for sport

B. people paid more money to kill them

C. more tourists came to see the bears

D. the villagers sold the bears’ skins to tourists

4.What will happen to the bears in the future?

A. They may be kept in zoos.

B. They may become extinct.

C. They may keep eating rubbish.

D. They may be watched by visitors.

Many of us remember being in awe(敬畏) when we saw cloned dinosaurs running wild in the film Jurassic Park. And the idea of using technology to revive(恢复) extinct species has long fascinated not only writers and directors, but scientists as well.

According to The Telegraph, woolly mammoths(长毛猛犸象), which featured in the popular Ice Age animated movie series, “may walk the earth once more” now that scientists have taken another step toward realizing a long-held dream—recreating their DNA.

Mammoths became extinct around 10,000 years ago. However, since the discovery of near-perfect preserved remains in Arctic permafrost(北极冻土带) in May 2013, a variety of research studies have been carried out since.

Geneticists from Harvard University analyzed DNA from the remains, looking for genes which separated mammoths from elephants, such as hairiness and ear size. They then used the results to reproduce exact copies of 14 mammoth genes. “It is the first time that mammoth genes have been alive—although so far it has only been done in the lab,” George Church, lead researcher of the project, told the Sunday Times.

Church then used a new technique which allows scientists to edit DNA carefully, replacing sections of elephant DNA with the mammoth genes. So “we now have functioning elephant cells with mammoth DNA in them,” he said.

However, Church ruled out the possibility of bringing the mammoths back to life via cloning from frozen remains. He said he “preferred to focus on rebuilding the full mammoth genome(基因组) by analyzing DNA from preserved remains and putting it into the cells of its closest living relative – the Asian elephant,” reported The Telegraph.

Church argued that the return of the woolly mammoth—or rather, the return of something very similar—could help bring back fragile(脆弱的) ecosystems. However, some scientists believe that bringing back the mammoth would be unethical.

Professor Alex Greenwood, an expert on ancient DNA, said: “We may face the extinction of African and Asian elephants. Why bring back another elephant from extinction when we cannot even keep the ones that are not extinct around?” he told the Sunday Times. “What is the message? We can be as irresponsible with the environment as we want. Then we’ll just clone things back?”

“Money would be better spent focusing on conserving what we do have than spending it on an animal that has been extinct for thousands of years,” he said.

1.We can learn from the article that ______.

A. cloned mammoths followed cloned dinosaurs to get revived

B. the technology to revive mammoth genes is already mature

C. George Church and his colleagues tried to reproduce mammoth DNA

D. Church and his team managed to list all the genes that separate mammoths from elephants

2.According to Church, what is the significance of his study?

A. It could help prevent the extinction of the Asian elephant.

B. It could help people better tell elephant DNA from mammoth genes.

C. It could help bring back some extinct species and save fragile ecosystems.

D. It could help bring mammoths back to life via cloning from frozen remains.

3.The underlined word “unethical” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to ______.

A. unacceptable B. misled

C. impractical D. illegal

4.According to the article, Professor Alex Greenwood believes that _______.

A. there is no need to worry about the extinction of African and Asian elephants at present

B. it’s necessary to bring back species that are beneficial to human beings from extinction

C. the return of the woolly mammoth would help to balance ecosystems

D. it’s more important to protect present species than to bring back extinct ones

Chokwe Selassie, aged 13, is working hard to help drivers avoid potholes(坑洼). The eighth-grader was inspired to kick off his creation on a recent morning, when his mother was driving him to school. Their car was damaged as it went over a huge pothole in the middle of the street in their hometown of Jackson, Mississippi. He decided to do something about the pothole problem in his city. His solution: an app that warns drivers when there is a pothole ahead.

Chokwe developed the app with his friends Rodriguez Ratliff and Emmanuel Brooks. When the app detects a pothole, it is highlighted in red. And if you get close to the pothole, your phone will warn you. Drivers can also use the app to report any potholes they meet, and to look for other routes they can take to avoid roads that have them.

The app relies on current available information about the streets of Jackson. It works by using the city’s 311 call system, and uses information already stored in a database. Through the call system, citizens dial 311 to report non-emergency problems, which include potholes. Chokwe and his friends determined that focusing on the 10 busiest streets in Jackson would give them a large enough sample size to test the prototype(原型).

Although the app isn't yet available for sale, Chokwe is already looking for ways to improve it. The prototype remains limited to 10 streets in Jackson, but he hopes to add more, so that it includes every street in the city. And then he wants to go even farther until it's nationwide.

1.The passage is mainly about ________.

A. a solution to traffic jams B. an App to detect potholes

C. pothole problems in big cities D. poor road conditions

2.What’s the closest meaning of the underlined phrase “kick off” in Paragraph 1?

A. leave B. invent

C. begin D. change

3.How does the app work through the 311 call system?

A. By replying to citizens’ calls.

B. By broadcasting traffic accidents.

C. By settling non-emergency problems.

D. By using its information about potholes.

4.Which can be Chokwe’s future target?

A. Encouraging more kids to create apps.

B. Taking part in more learning programs.

C. Making the app available for sale online.

D. Making the app include streets nationwide.

Top Tips for Travelling Abroad

Travelling abroad,for business or pleasure,should be a fun experience,1.Plan well in advance for your trip,be prepared for what you might experience,and protect yourself as best as you can from any accidents. Here are some tips:

·Check you are fit for travel. Before you book your trip abroad you should be aware of any health problems at your destination.2.Besides this,you should make sure you receive the necessary vaccines(疫苗).·3.Don't forget to take your medication with you. You can carry your medication on the plan with you. It is wise to take the double amount of medication that you need—put half in your carry?on bag and half in your “in the hold” bag. That way,if your carry?on bag gets stolen,you still have your medication in your hold bag.

·4.Your medication makes your skin weaker,so protect it from sun by wearing sunscreen,a hat,and seeking shade where possible. Also,you may find that you are more sensitive to the heat,so drink plenty of water,and carry a hand fan.

·Eat and drink wisely. While abroad,drink bottled water and even clean your teeth with bottled water. Take extra care with your diet,so avoid any stomach upsets. If you travel to second or third world countries,eat vegetables and fruit that have been cooked.5.If in doubt,speak to a medical person to check what foods to avoid.

A.Check your medicine,ticket,passport and credit card.

B.Avoid eating uncleaned food,shellfish and even foods like ice cream.

C.Just remember the three “p” s.

D.On the website,you can search for travel advice on individual countries.

E.You should check about your fitness to travel to certain countries.

F.Travel insurance is a must.

G.Protect yourself against the sun and heat.

In my profession as an educator and health care provider, I have worked with numerous children infected with the virus that causes AIDS. The relationships that I have had with these special kids have been gifts in my life. They have taught me so many things, but I have especially learned that great courage can be found in the smallest of packages.

Tyler was born infected with HIV and from the very beginning of his life, he was dependent on medications to survive. When he was five, he had a tube surgically inserted in a vein in his chest. This tube was connected to a pump, which he carried in a small backpack on his back. Medications were prepared inside this pump and were continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream. At times, he also needed supplemented (补充的)oxygen to support his breathing.

Tyler wasn’t willing to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease. It was not unusual to find him playing and racing around his backyard, wearing his medicine - laden backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him. Tyler’s mom often teased him by telling him that he moved so fast she needed to dress him in red. That way, when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard, she could quickly spot him.

This fateful disease eventually wore down Tyler. He grew quite ill and, unfortunately, so did his HIV - infected mother. When it became apparent that he wasn’t going to survive, Tyler’s mom talked to him about death. She comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too, and that she would be with him soon in heaven.

A few days before his death, he whispered to me, " I might die soon. I’m not scared. When I die, please dress me in red. Mom promised she’s coming to heaven, too. I’ll be playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me."

1.What do we know about the tube inserted in Tyler’s chest?

A. It contained oxygen that helped Tyler breathe freely

B. Medications in the pump could be supplied through it

C. It was filled with medications that Tyler needed

D. It should be replaced by a new one after a year

2.Tyler’s mom dressed him in red in order to _______.

A. stress the importance of the color

B. find him as quickly as possible

C. meet the demand of him

D. encourage him to play and race happily outdoors

3.Tyler’s mom helped him face the death in the following ways except that _______.

A. she said to him that it would not long before she died

B. she promised to meet him in heaven soon

C. she had a frank talk with him about death

D. she gave him a medicine-loaded package

4.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A. Gifts in My Life B. A Fateful Disease

C. Dying in Red D. No More Tears in Heaven

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