题目内容
(1)在其他能源中,核能具有能量密度大,地区适应性强的优势.在核电站中,核反应堆释放的核能被转化成电能.核反应堆的工作原理是利用中子轰击重核发生裂变反应,释放出大量的核能.
以上的核反应方程是反应堆中发生的许多核反应中的一种,n为中子,X为待求粒子,
为X的个数,则X为___________,
=__________.以m1、m2、m3分别表示U、Ba、Kr核的质量,m4、m5分别表示中子、质子的质量,c为光在真空中传播的速度,则上述核反应过程中放出的核能DE=___________
(2)有一座发电能力为P=1.00´106kw的核电站,核能转化为电能的效率h=40%.假定反应堆中发生的裂变反应全是(1)中的核反应,已知每次核反应过程放出的核能DE=2.78´10-11J,
核的质量m1=390´10-27kg,求每年(1年=3.15´107s)消耗的
的质量为多少?
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018677805.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018692195.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018692195.gif)
(2)有一座发电能力为P=1.00´106kw的核电站,核能转化为电能的效率h=40%.假定反应堆中发生的裂变反应全是(1)中的核反应,已知每次核反应过程放出的核能DE=2.78´10-11J,
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018770350.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018770350.gif)
(1)
=![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018801767.gif)
(2)![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018833929.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018786333.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018801767.gif)
(2)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018833929.gif)
(1)依据核电荷数守恒和质量数守恒可判断
为中子,且![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018848239.gif)
根据爱因斯坦的质能方程
,即
=![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018801767.gif)
(2)依据已知,
,
,
,
,
,则
,
,则核反应次数为
,则每年消耗的
的质量
,即![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018833929.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018848209.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018848239.gif)
根据爱因斯坦的质能方程
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018879466.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018786333.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018801767.gif)
(2)依据已知,
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115019082656.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115019113495.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115019129450.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115019145625.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115019176589.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115019191492.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115019223669.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115019238506.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115019254380.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115019285503.gif)
![](http://thumb.1010pic.com/pic2/upload/papers/20140824/20140824115018833929.gif)
![](http://thumb2018.1010pic.com/images/loading.gif)
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