ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¢ñ. ÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖгȺìÉ«µÄCr2O72-Óë»ÆÉ«µÄCrO42-ÓÐÏÂÁÐƽºâ¹Øϵ£º
Cr2O72-£«H2O 2CrO42-£«2H+£¬°ÑK2Cr2O7ÈÜÓÚË®Åä³ÉÏ¡ÈÜÒºÊdzÈÉ«¡£
£¨1£©ÏòÉÏÊöÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒººó£¬ÈÜÒº³Ê É«£¬ÒòΪ ¡£
£¨2£©ÏòÒѼÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒºµÄ£¨1£©ÖÐÔÙ¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿Ï¡H2SO4ºó£¬ÔòÈÜÒº³Ê É«£¬ÒòΪ ¡£
£¨3£©ÏòÔÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëBa(NO3)2ÈÜÒº£¨ÒÑÖªBaCrO4Ϊ»ÆÉ«³Áµí£©ÔòƽºâÏò ·½ÏòÒƶ¯£¬ÈÜÒºÑÕÉ«½« ¡££¨Ìî¡°±äÉ¡¢¡°±ädz¡±»ò¡°²»±ä¡±£©
¢ò.ʵÑéÊÒÓÐһδ֪Ũ¶ÈµÄÏ¡ÑÎËᣬijѧÉúΪ²â¶¨ÑÎËáµÄŨ¶ÈÔÚʵÑéÊÒÖнøÐÐÈçÏÂʵÑ飺
1.ÅäÖÆ100mL 0.10mol/L NaOH±ê×¼ÈÜÒº¡£
2.È¡20.00mL´ý²âÏ¡ÑÎËáÈÜÒº·ÅÈë׶ÐÎÆ¿ÖУ¬²¢µÎ¼Ó2¡«3µÎ·Ó̪×÷ָʾ¼Á£¬ÓÃ×Ô¼ºÅäÖƵıê×¼NaOHÈÜÒº½øÐеζ¨¡£
3.Öظ´ÉÏÊöµÎ¶¨²Ù×÷2¡«3´Î£¬¼Ç¼Êý¾ÝÈçÏ¡£
ʵÑé±àºÅ |
NaOHÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶È £¨mol/L£© |
µÎ¶¨Íê³Éʱ£¬NaOHÈÜÒºµÎÈëµÄÌå»ý£¨mL£© |
´ý²âÑÎËáÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ý £¨mL£© |
1 |
0.10 |
22.62 |
20.00 |
2 |
0.10 |
22.58 |
20.00 |
3 |
0.10 |
22.60 |
20.00 |
£¨1£©µÎ¶¨´ïµ½ÖÕµãµÄÏÖÏóÊÇ £¬´Ëʱ׶ÐÎÆ¿ÄÚÈÜÒºµÄpH·¶Î§Îª ¡£
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝÉÏÊöÊý¾Ý£¬¿É¼ÆËã³ö¸ÃÑÎËáµÄŨ¶ÈԼΪ ¡£
£¨3£©ÅÅÈ¥¼îʽµÎ¶¨¹ÜÖÐÆøÅݵķ½·¨Ó¦²ÉÓÃÏÂͼ µÄ²Ù×÷£¬È»ºó¼·Ñ¹²£Á§Çòʹ¼â×첿·Ö³äÂú¼îÒº¡£
¼× ÒÒ ±û
£¨4£©ÔÚÉÏÊöʵÑéÖУ¬ÏÂÁвÙ×÷£¨ÆäËü²Ù×÷ÕýÈ·£©»áÔì³É²â¶¨½á¹ûÆ«¸ßµÄÓÐ £¨¶àÑ¡¿Û·Ö£©¡£
A£®µÎ¶¨ÖÕµã¶ÁÊýʱ¸©ÊÓ¶ÁÊý
B£®ËáʽµÎ¶¨¹ÜʹÓÃÇ°£¬Ë®Ï´ºóδÓôý²âÑÎËáÈÜÒºÈóÏ´
C£®×¶ÐÎƿˮϴºóδ¸ÉÔï
D£®ÅäÖÆNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜҺʱ£¬Ã»ÓеÈÈܽâÒº½µÖÁÊÒξÍתÒÆÖÁÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖÐ
E£®ÅäÖÆNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜҺʱ£¬¶¨ÈÝʱÑöÊÓÈÝÁ¿Æ¿µÄ¿Ì¶ÈÏß
F£®¼îʽµÎ¶¨¹Ü¼â×첿·ÖÓÐÆøÅÝ£¬µÎ¶¨ºóÏûʧ
¢ñ.ÿ¿Õ1·Ö£¨1£©»Æ£»ÖкÍH£«£¬Ê¹c(H+)¼õС£¬Æ½ºâÏòÕý·´Ó¦·½ÏòÒƶ¯
£¨2£©³ÈºìÉ«£»Ôö¼ÓÉú³ÉÎïc(H+)£¬Æ½ºâÏòÄæ·´Ó¦·½ÏòÒƶ¯ £¨3£©Õý·´Ó¦£¨ÓÒ£© ±ädz
¢ò.£¨1£©¢Ù×îºóÒ»µÎÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº¼ÓÈ룬ÈÜÒºÓÉÎÞÉ«Ç¡ºÃ±ädzºìÉ«£¬ÇÒ°ë·ÖÖÓÄÚ²»ÍÊÉ« ¢Ú8.2¡«10 £¨2£©0.1130mol/L£¨²»Ð´µ¥Î»¿Û1·Ö£© £¨3£©±û £¨4£©EF£¨2·Ö£©
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º¢ñ.£¨1£©ÏòÉÏÊöÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒººó£¬ÈÜÒºÖÐOH£Å¨¶ÈÔö´ó£¬ÖкÍÇâÀë×Ó£¬½µµÍÇâÀë×ÓµÄŨ¶È¡£Ôò¸ù¾ÝCr2O72-£«H2O 2CrO42-£«2H+¿ÉÖª£¬Æ½ºâÏòÕý·´Ó¦·½ÏòÒƶ¯£¬ËùÒÔÈÜÒº³Ê»ÆÉ«¡£
£¨2£©ÏòÒѼÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒºµÄ£¨1£©ÖÐÔÙ¼ÓÈë¹ýÁ¿Ï¡H2SO4ºó£¬Ôö¼ÓÉú³ÉÎïc(H+)£¬Æ½ºâÏòÄæ·´Ó¦·½ÏòÒƶ¯Òò´ËÈÜÒº³Ê³ÈºìÉ«¡£
£¨3£©ÏòÔÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëBa(NO3)2ÈÜÒº£¬ÔòBa2£«½áºÏCrO42£Éú³ÉBaCrO4»ÆÉ«³Áµí£¬½µµÍCrO42-µÄŨ¶È£¬ËùÒÔƽºâÏòÕý·´Ó¦·½ÏòÒƶ¯¡£ÓÉÓÚÀë×ÓµÄŨ¶È½µµÍ£¬Òò´ËÈÜÒºÑÕÉ«½«±ädz¡£
¢ò.£¨1£©¢ÙÓÉÓÚ¼îÄÜʹ·Ó̪ÏÔºìÉ«£¬¶øËáʹ·Ó̪²»°×É«¡£ËùÒÔÓÃÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÎ¶¨ÑÎËáʱ£¬µÎ¶¨´ïµ½ÖÕµãµÄÏÖÏóÊÇ×îºóÒ»µÎÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº¼ÓÈ룬ÈÜÒºÓÉÎÞÉ«Ç¡ºÃ±ädzºìÉ«£¬ÇÒ°ë·ÖÖÓÄÚ²»ÍÊÉ«¡¢ÓÉÓÚ·Ó̪µÄ±äÉ«·¶Î§ÊÇ8.2¡«10.0£¬ËùÒÔ´Ëʱ׶ÐÎÆ¿ÄÚÈÜÒºµÄpH·¶Î§Îª8.2¡«10.0¡£
£¨2£©¸ù¾Ý±íÖÐÊý¾Ý¿ÉÖª£¬Èý´ÎʵÑéÖÐÏûºÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ý·Ö±ðÊÇ22.62ml£0.10ml£½22.52ml¡¢22.58ml£0.10ml£½22.48ml¡¢22.60ml£0.10ml£½22.50ml£¬ËùÒÔÈý´ÎʵÑéÖÐƽ¾ùÏûºÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÊÇ£½22.50ml¡£Òò´ËÑÎËáµÄŨ¶ÈÊÇ£½0.1130mol/L¡£
£¨3£©ÓÉÓÚ¼îʽµÎ¶¨¹ÜµÄÏÂÃæÊǺ¬Óв£Á§ÇòµÄÏ𽺹ܣ¬Òò´Ë¼·Ñ¹²£Á§Çòʹ¼â×첿·Ö³äÂú¼îÒºµÄÕýÈ·²Ù×÷ÊÇÑ¡Ïî±û¡£
£¨4£©¸ù¾Ý¿ÉÖª£¬ÓÉÓÚC±ê¡¢V´ý¾ùΪ¶¨Ö²£¬ËùÒÔC²âµÄ´óСȡ¾öÓÚV±êµÄ´óС£¬¼´V±ê£ºÆ«´ó»òƫС£¬ÔòC²âÆ«´ó»òƫС£¬¾Ý´Ë¿ÉÒÔÅжϡ£A¡¢µÎ¶¨ÖÕµã¶ÁÊýʱ¸©ÊÓ¶ÁÊý£¬Ôò¶ÁÊýƫС£¬Òò´ËÏûºÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýƫС£¬²â¶¨½á¹ûÆ«µÍ£»B¡¢ËáʽµÎ¶¨¹ÜʹÓÃÇ°£¬Ë®Ï´ºóδÓôý²âÑÎËáÈÜÒºÈóÏ´£¬ÔòÑÎËᱻϡÊÍ£¬Å¨¶È½µµÍ¡£Òò´ËÏûºÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýƫС£¬²â¶¨½á¹ûÆ«µÍ£»C¡¢×¶ÐÎƿˮϴºóδ¸ÉÔ²»¸Ä±äÈÜÖʵÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£¬²»Ó°Ïì½á¹û£»D¡¢ÅäÖÆNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜҺʱ£¬Ã»ÓеÈÈܽâÒº½µÖÁÊÒξÍתÒÆÖÁÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖУ¬Ôòʵ¼ÊËùÅäµÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜҺŨ¶ÈÆ«¸ß¡£Òò´ËÖкÍÑÎËáʱÏûºÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýƫС£¬²â¶¨½á¹ûÆ«µÍ£»E¡¢ÅäÖÆNaOH±ê×¼ÈÜҺʱ£¬¶¨ÈÝʱÑöÊÓÈÝÁ¿Æ¿µÄ¿Ì¶ÈÏߣ¬ÔòËùÅäŨ¶ÈÆ«µÍ£¬ËùÒÔÖкÍÑÎËáʱÏûºÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÆ«´ó£¬²â¶¨½á¹ûÆ«¸ß£»F¡¢¼îʽµÎ¶¨¹Ü¼â×첿·ÖÓÐÆøÅÝ£¬µÎ¶¨ºóÏûʧ£¬Ôòʵ¼ÊÏûºÄÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÌå»ýÆ«´ó£¬²â¶¨½á¹ûÆ«¸ß£¬ËùÒÔ´ð°¸Ñ¡EF¡£
¿¼µã£º¿¼²éÍâ½çÌõ¼þ¶Ôƽºâ״̬µÄÓ°Ï죻Ëá¼îÖк͵樲Ù×÷¡¢¼ÆËã¡¢Îó²î·ÖÎö