ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
18£®ÓÃÓÚ½ðÊôº¸½ÓµÄijÖÖº¸Ìõ£¬ÆäҩƤÓÉ´óÀíʯ¡¢Ë®Äà¡¢¹èÌúµÈÅäÖƶø³É£®£¨1£©AlÓëNaOHÈÜÒº·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ2Al+2NaOH+2H2O=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü£®
£¨2£©30SiµÄÔ×ÓµÄÖÐ×ÓÊýΪ16£» SiO2µÄ¾§ÌåÀàÐÍΪÔ×Ó¾§Ì壮
£¨3£©Al3+ÓëYn-µÄµç×ÓÊýÏàͬ£¬YËùÔÚ×åµÄ¸÷ÔªËصÄÇ⻯ÎïµÄË®ÈÜÒº¾ùÏÔËáÐÔ£¬Ôò¸Ã×åÇ⻯ÎïÖзеã×îµÍµÄÊÇHCl£®
£¨4£©º¸½Ó¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Ò©Æ¤ÔÚ¸ßÎÂϲúÉúÁËÈÛÔüºÍʹ½ðÊô²»±»Ñõ»¯µÄÆøÌ壬¸ÃÆøÌåÊÇCO2£®
£¨5£©¾´¦ÀíºóµÄÈÛÔü36.0g£¨½öº¬Fe2O3¡¢Al2O3¡¢SiO2£©£¬¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿Ï¡ÑÎËᣬ·ÖÀëµÃµ½11.0g¹ÌÌ壻ÂËÒºÖмÓÈë¹ýÁ¿NaOHÈÜÒº£¬·ÖÀëµÃµ½21.4g¹ÌÌ壻Ôò´ËÈÛÔüÖÐAl2O3µÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýΪ25%£®
·ÖÎö £¨1£©ÂÁºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÆ«ÂÁËáÄƺÍÇâÆø£»
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝÖÊÁ¿Êý=ÖÊ×ÓÊý+ÖÐ×ÓÊý£¬¼ÆËãÖÐ×ÓÊý£»¸ù¾Ý¾§ÌåµÄÐÔÖʺͳɼü·½Ê½ÅжϾ§ÌåµÄÀàÐÍ£¬SiO2µÄ¾§ÌåÀàÐÍΪÔ×Ó¾§Ì壻
£¨3£©Al3+ÓëYn-µÄµç×ÓÊýÏàͬ£¬YËùÔÚ×å¸÷ÔªËصÄÇ⻯ÎïµÄË®ÈÜÒº¾ùÏÔËáÐÔ£¬ÔòYÊǵÚVIIAÔªËØ£¬Ç⻯ÎïµÄ·ÐµãËæ×ÅÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿µÄÔö´ó¶øÔö´ó£¬µ«º¬ÓÐÇâ¼üµÄÇ⻯Îï·Ðµã·´³££»
£¨4£©ÓÉҩƤµÄ³É·ÖºÍÎïÖʵÄÐÔÖʽøÐÐÍƶϲúÉúµÄʹ½ðÊô²»±»Ñõ»¯µÄÆøÌå³É·ÖΪ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£»
£¨5£©36.0g£¨½öº¬Fe2O3¡¢Al2O3¡¢SiO2£©¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿Ï¡ÑÎËᣬ¶þÑõ»¯¹è²»ºÍÑÎËá·´Ó¦£¬ËùÒÔ·ÖÀëµÃµ½11.0gµÄ¹ÌÌåÊǶþÑõ»¯¹è£¬ÂËÒºÖмÓÈë¹ýÁ¿NaOHÈÜÒº£¬·ÖÀëµÃµ½21.4g¹ÌÌåÊÇÇâÑõ»¯Ìú£¬¸ù¾ÝÌúÔ×ÓÊغã¼ÆËãÑõ»¯ÌúµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Ê£ÓàµÄÖÊÁ¿¾ÍÊÇÑõ»¯ÂÁ£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý¹«Ê½½øÐмÆË㣮
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©ÂÁºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÆ«ÂÁËáÄƺÍÇâÆø£¬·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º2Al+2NaOH+2H2O=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2Al+2NaOH+2H2O=2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü£»
£¨2£©ÔÚÔ×Ó·ûºÏµÄ±í´ïʽÖÐ×óÉϽDZíʾÖÊÁ¿Êý£¬×óϽDZíʾÖÊ×ÓÊý£¬¸ù¾ÝÖÊÁ¿Êý=ÖÊ×ÓÊý+ÖÐ×ÓÊý¿É¼ÆËã³ö30SiµÄÔ×ÓµÄÖÐ×ÓÊýΪ£º30-14=16£¬SiO2ÊÇÒÔSiºÍOÒÔ¹²¼Û¼ü×é³ÉµÄ¿Õ¼äÁ¢ÌåÍø×´½á¹¹£¬È۷еã¸ß£¬ÎªÔ×Ó¾§Ì壬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º16£»Ô×Ó¾§Ì壻
£¨3£©Al3+ÓëYn-µÄµç×ÓÊýÏàͬ£¬YËùÔÚ×å¸÷ÔªËصÄÇ⻯ÎïµÄË®ÈÜÒº¾ùÏÔËáÐÔ£¬ÔòYÊǵÚVIIAÔªËØ£¬Ç⻯ÎïµÄ·ÐµãËæ×ÅÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿µÄÔö´ó¶øÔö´ó£¬µ«HFÖк¬ÓÐÇâ¼üµ¼ÖÂHFµÄ·Ðµã´óÓÚHCl£¬ËùÒÔ¸Ã×åÇ⻯ÎïÖзеã×îµÍµÄÊÇHCl£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºHCl£»
£¨4£©ÓÉҩƤµÄ³É·Ö´óÀíʯ¡¢Ë®Äà¡¢¹èÌú¿ÉÖª£¬ÔÚ¸ßÎÂÏÂÖ»ÓдóÀíʯ²Å·Ö½â²úÉúCO2£¬Òò´ËÆøÌåÖ»ÄÜÊÇCO2ÆøÌ壬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCO2£»
£¨5£©36.0g£¨½öº¬Fe2O3¡¢Al2O3¡¢SiO2£©¼ÓÈë×ãÁ¿Ï¡ÑÎËᣬ¶þÑõ»¯¹è²»ºÍÑÎËá·´Ó¦£¬ËùÒÔ·ÖÀëµÃµ½11.0gµÄ¹ÌÌåÊǶþÑõ»¯¹è£»
µ±ÂËÒºÖмÓÈë¹ýÁ¿NaOHÈÜҺʱAlCl3Éú³ÉNaAlO2£¬FeCl3Éú³ÉFe£¨OH£©3³Áµí£¬ËùÒÔ·ÖÀëµÃµ½21.4g¹ÌÌåÊÇÇâÑõ»¯Ìú£¬¸ù¾Ý2Fe£¨OH£©3¡úFe2O3£¬Ñõ»¯ÌúµÄÖÊÁ¿=$\frac{160¡Á21.4}{214}$g=16g£¬Ñõ»¯ÂÁµÄÖÊÁ¿=£¨36.0-11.0-16£©g=9g£¬Ñõ»¯ÂÁµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý=$\frac{9g}{36g}$¡Á100%=25%£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º25%£®
µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÎïÖʵÄÐÔÖÊ¡¢¾§ÌåÀàÐÍ¡¢ÎïÖʵĺ¬Á¿µÄ¼ÆËãµÈ֪ʶ£¬ÊôÓÚ×ÛºÏ֪ʶµÄ¿¼²é£¬ÌâÄ¿ÄѶÈÖеȣ¬Æ½Ê±×¢Òâ»ù´¡ÖªÊ¶µÄÕÆÎÕ£¬×¢Òâ°ÑÎÕÅжϾ§ÌåÀàÐÍÒÔ¼°¾§ÌåÈ۷еã¸ßµÍµÄ·½·¨£®
A£® | 2ÖÖ | B£® | 3ÖÖ | C£® | 4ÖÖ | D£® | 5ÖÖ |
A£® | ¹ýÂËʱ²£Á§°ôÓëÈý²ãÂËÖ½´¦½Ó´¥ | |
B£® | ¾Æ¾«ºÍË®µÄ»ìºÏÎï¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÕôÁ󽫶þÕß·ÖÀ뿪À´ | |
C£® | ÏòÊÔ¹ÜÖеμÓÒºÌåʱ£¬½ºÍ·µÎ¹ÜÓ¦½ôÌùÊÔ¹ÜÄÚ±Ú | |
D£® | KNO3ÖлìÓÐÉÙÁ¿µÄNaCl£¬¿Éͨ¹ýÖؽᾧʵÑ齫ÔÓÖʳöÈ¥ |
A£® | ¡°µØ¹µÓÍ¡±ÊÇÖ¸´ÓãïË®ÖÐÌáÈ¡µÄÓÍÖ¬£¬ËüÒ²ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ×ÊÔ´£¬µ«²»ÄÜʳÓ㬿ÉÓÃÓÚÉú²úȼÁÏÓÍ»òÓÃÓÚÖÆ·ÊÔí | |
B£® | ʯÀ¯¡¢ÆûÓÍ¡¢¶¹ÓͶ¼ÊÇÌþÀàÎïÖÊ | |
C£® | ÏËάËØ¡¢¾ÛÒÒÏ©¡¢µÓÂÚ¶¼ÊǸ߷Ö×Ó»¯ºÏÎï | |
D£® | PM2.5ÊÇÖ¸´óÆøÖÐÖ±¾¶¡Ü2.5¡Á10-6mµÄ¿ÅÁ£ÎÆøÈܽº£©£¬¿Éͨ¹ý¼ÓË®ÎüÊÕºóÔÙÓðë͸ĤÉøÎöµÄ·½·¨·ÖÀëPM2.5΢Á£Óë¿ÉÈÜÐÔÎü¸½Îï |
Na2O2£¨s£©+CO2£¨g£©¨TNa2CO3£¨s£©+$\frac{1}{2}$O2£¨g£©¡÷H=-226kJ/mol
¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉÏÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£¬ÏÂÁÐÅжÏÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©
A£® | COµÄȼÉÕÈÈΪ283 Kj | |
B£® | 2 mol CO2£¨g£©Óë2 mol Na2O2£¨s£©·´Ó¦·Å³ö452 kJÈÈÁ¿Ê±£¬µç×ÓתÒÆÊýԼΪ1.204¡Á1024 | |
C£® | 2Na2O2£¨s£©+2CO2£¨s£©¨T2Na2CO3£¨s£©+O2£¨g£©¡÷H£¼-452 kJ/mol | |
D£® | Èçͼ¿É±íʾCOÉú³ÉCO2£¬µÄ·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌºÍÄÜÁ¿¹Øϵ |
A£® | 23gNa±äΪNa+ʱʧȥµÄµç×ÓÊýΪNA | |
B£® | 18gË®Ëùº¬µÄµç×ÓÊýΪNA | |
C£® | 8g HeËùº¬µÄ·Ö×ÓÊýΪNA | |
D£® | 16g O2Óë16g O3Ëùº¬µÄÔ×ÓÊý¾ùÊÇNA |
A£® | ÓÐÈõËáÐÔ£¬ÄÜÓëNaHCO3ÈÜÒº·´Ó¦ | |
B£® | ÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬1 mol¸ÃÎïÖÊ×î¶àÄÜÓë7 mol NaOHÍêÈ«·´Ó¦ | |
C£® | ÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬1 mol¸ÃÎïÖÊ¿ÉÒÔºÍ8 mol H2·¢Éú¼Ó³É·´Ó¦ | |
D£® | ÄÜ·¢ÉúË®½â·´Ó¦£¬Ë®½âºóÄÜÉú³ÉÁ½ÖÖÎïÖÊ |