ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÓÐһƿ³ÎÇåµÄÈÜÒº£¬ÆäÖпÉÄܺ¬ÓÐNH4+¡¢Na+¡¢Ba2+¡¢Al3+¡¢Fe3£«¡¢I£¡¢NO3-¡¢CO32£¡¢SO42-¡¢AlO2-£¬ È¡¸ÃÈÜÒº½øÐÐÒÔÏÂʵÑ飺
£¨1£© È¡PHÊÔÖ½¼ìÑ飬ÈÜÒº³ÊÇ¿ËáÐÔ£¬¿ÉÒÔÅųý Àë×ӵĴæÔÚ¡£
£¨2£© È¡³ö²¿·ÖÈÜÒº£¬¼ÓÈëÉÙÁ¿CCl4¼°ÊýµÎÐÂÖÆÂÈË®£¬¾Õñµ´ºóCCl4²ã³Ê×ϺìÉ«£¬¿ÉÒÔÅųý Àë×ӵĴæÔÚ¡£
£¨3£© д³ö£¨2£©Ëù·¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ ¡£
£¨4£© ÁíÈ¡³ö²¿·ÖÈÜÒºÖð½¥¼ÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒº,ʹÈÜÒº´ÓËáÐÔÖð½¥±äΪ¼îÐÔ£¬Ôڵμӹý³ÌÖк͵μÓÍê±Ïºó£¬ÈÜÒº¾ùÎÞ³Áµí²úÉú£¬ÔòÓÖ¿ÉÒÔÅųý Àë×ӵĴæÔÚ¡£
£¨5£© È¡³ö£¨4£©²¿·ÖÉÏÊö¼îÐÔÈÜÒº¼ÓNa2CO3ÈÜÒººó,Óа×É«³ÁµíÉú³É£¬Ö¤Ã÷ Àë×Ó´æÔÚ£¬ÓÖ¿ÉÅųý _ Àë×ӵĴæÔÚ¡£
£¨6£© ½«£¨4£©µÃµ½µÄ¼îÐÔÈÜÒº¼ÓÈÈ£¬ÓÐÆøÌå·Å³ö£¬¸ÃÆøÌåÄÜʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶¡£¸ù¾ÝÉÏÊöʵÑéÊÂʵȷ¶¨£º¸ÃÈÜÒºÖп϶¨´æÔÚµÄÀë×ÓÊÇ ¿Ï¶¨²»´æÔÚµÄÀë×ÓÊÇ £¬»¹²»ÄÜÈ·¶¨ÊÇ·ñ´æÔÚµÄÀë×ÓÊÇ £¬¼ø±ðµÄ·½·¨ÊÇ (¾ßÌåµÄ²Ù×÷·½·¨)¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿£¨1£© CO32£¡¢AlO2-
£¨2£© Fe3£«¡¢NO3-
£¨3£© 2I£+ Cl2 = I2 + 2Cl£
£¨4£© Al3+
£¨5£© Ba2+£»SO42-
£¨6£© NH4+¡¢Ba2+¡¢I££»Al3+¡¢Fe3£«¡¢NO3-¡¢CO32£¡¢SO42-¡¢AlO2-£»Na+£»ÑæÉ«·´Ó¦£ºÓò¬Ë¿ÕºÈ¥´ý²âÒº£¬Ôھƾ«µÆ»ðÑæÉÏ×ÆÉÕ£¬¹Û²ì»ðÑæÑæÉ«£¬Èô»ðÑæ³Ê»ÆÉ«£¬Ôòº¬ÓÐÄÆÀë×Ó¡£
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º¸ù¾ÝʵÑé¢ÙÏÖÏó£ºÈÜÒº³ÊÇ¿ËáÐÔ£¬ËµÃ÷ÈÜÒºÖп϶¨º¬ÓÐH+£¬¶øH+ÓëCO32-·¢Éú·´Ó¦¶ø²»Äܹ²´æ£¬H+ÓëAlO2£·¢Éú·´Ó¦¶ø²»Äܹ²´æ£¬ËµÃ÷ÈÜÒºÖп϶¨²»º¬ÓÐCO32-¡¢AlO2££»
¸ù¾ÝʵÑé¢ÚÏÖÏó£ºCCl4²ã³Ê×ϺìÉ«£¬ËµÃ÷ÓÐI2£¬ÕâÊÇÓÉÓÚI-±»ÂÈÆøÑõ»¯Ëù²úÉúµÄ£¬´Ó¶ø˵Ã÷ÈÜÒºÖк¬ÓÐI-£¬¶øI-ÓëFe3+¡¢NO3-¡¢H+·¢Éú·´Ó¦¶ø²»Äܹ²´æ£¬ËµÃ÷ÈÜÒºÖп϶¨²»º¬ÓÐFe3+¡¢NO3-£»£¨3£©Ëù·¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦µÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ2I£+ Cl2 = I2 + 2Cl£
¸ù¾Ý¼ÓÈëNaOHÈÜÒº,ʹÈÜÒº´ÓËáÐÔÖð½¥±äΪ¼îÐÔ£¬Ôڵμӹý³ÌÖк͵μÓÍê±Ïºó£¬ÈÜÒº¾ùÎÞ³Áµí²úÉú£¬ÔòÓÖ¿ÉÒÔÅÅAl3+£»ÉÏÊö¼îÐÔÈÜÒº¼ÓNa2CO3ÈÜÒººó,Óа×É«³ÁµíÉú³É£¬Ö¤Ã÷Ba2+Àë×Ó´æÔÚ£¬ÓÖ¿ÉÅųýSO42-Àë×ӵĴæÔÚ¡££¨6£© ½«£¨4£©µÃµ½µÄ¼îÐÔÈÜÒº¼ÓÈÈ£¬ÓÐÆøÌå·Å³ö£¬¸ÃÆøÌåÄÜʹʪÈóµÄºìɫʯÈïÊÔÖ½±äÀ¶¡£Ò»¶¨º¬ÓÐNH4+
¸ù¾ÝÉÏÊöʵÑéÊÂʵȷ¶¨£º¸ÃÈÜÒºÖп϶¨´æÔÚµÄÀë×ÓÊÇNH4+¡¢Ba2+¡¢I££»¿Ï¶¨²»´æÔÚµÄÀë×ÓÊÇAl3+¡¢Fe3£«¡¢NO3-¡¢CO32£¡¢SO42-¡¢AlO2-£¬»¹²»ÄÜÈ·¶¨ÊÇ·ñ´æÔÚµÄÀë×ÓÊÇNa+£¬¼ø±ðµÄ·½·¨ÊÇÓò¬Ë¿ÕºÈ¥´ý²âÒº£¬Ôھƾ«µÆ»ðÑæÉÏ×ÆÉÕ£¬¹Û²ì»ðÑæÑæÉ«£¬Èô»ðÑæ³Ê»ÆÉ«£¬Ôòº¬ÓÐÄÆÀë×Ó¡£
![](http://thumb2018.1010pic.com/images/loading.gif)
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÏÂÁÐÓйØʵÑéµÄ²Ù×÷ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨ £©
ʵ Ñé | ²Ù ×÷ | |
A | ÌáÈ¡µâË®Öеĵâ | Ïò·ÖҺ©¶·µÄµâË®ÖмÓÈëÎÞË®¾Æ¾«£¬³ä·ÖÕñµ´£¬È»ºó·ÖÒº |
B | ÏòÊԹܵμÓÒºÌå | ½ºÍ·µÎ¹Ü½ôÌùÊÔ¹ÜÄÚ±Ú |
C | ¼ÓÈÈÊÔ¹ÜÄÚÒºÌå | ÓÃÊԹܼܼÐסÊԹܣ¬ÊÖ³ÖÊԹܼУ¬Ôھƾ«µÆµÄÍâÑæÉϼÓÈÈ |
D | ¼ìÑéÇâÆøµÄ´¿¶È | ½«ÇâÆø·¢ÉúÆ÷µÄÇâÆøµ¼¹Ü£¬ÉìÏò¾Æ¾«µÆ»ðÑæÉϵãȼ |