ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
£¨2011?ÄϾ©Ä£Ä⣩ÒÑÖª25¡æʱÓйØÈõËáµÄµçÀëƽºâ³£Êý£º
|
·ÖÎö£ºA¡¢¸ù¾ÝÑεÄË®½â¹æÂÉ£ºÔ½ÈõԽˮ½âÀ´·ÖÎö£»
B¡¢¸ù¾ÝÈÜÒº»ìºÏËù·¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºµÄ×é³ÉÀ´ÅжÏÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈµÄ´óС£»
C¡¢ÈÜÒºµÄµ¼µçÐÔºÍÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óСÓйأ¬µçÀë¶ÈºÍÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈÓйأ¬pH´óСֵȡ¾öÓÚÈÜÒºµÄÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС£»
D¡¢¸ù¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеĵçºÉÊغãÀ´·ÖÎö£®
B¡¢¸ù¾ÝÈÜÒº»ìºÏËù·¢ÉúµÄ·´Ó¦ºóÈÜÒºµÄ×é³ÉÀ´ÅжÏÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈµÄ´óС£»
C¡¢ÈÜÒºµÄµ¼µçÐÔºÍÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óСÓйأ¬µçÀë¶ÈºÍÈÜÒºµÄŨ¶ÈÓйأ¬pH´óСֵȡ¾öÓÚÈÜÒºµÄÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶È´óС£»
D¡¢¸ù¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеĵçºÉÊغãÀ´·ÖÎö£®
½â´ð£º½â£ºA¡¢¸ù¾Ý±íÖÐËáµÄµçÀëƽºâ³£Êý£¬¿ÉÒÔÖªµÀËáÐÔ˳ÐòÊÇ£º´×Ë᣾ÇâÇèË᣾̼ËáÇâ¸ù£¬ÑεÄË®½â¹æÂÉ£ºÔ½ÈõԽˮ½â£¬ËùÒÔË®½âÄÜÁ¦£ºÌ¼ËáÄÆ£¾Ç軯ÄÆ£¾´×ËáÄÆ£¬¼´pH£¨Na2CO3£©£¾pH£¨NaCN£©£¾pH£¨CH3COONa£©£¬¹ÊAÕýÈ·£»
B¡¢amol?L-1HCNÈÜÒºÓëbmol?L-1NaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Èç¹ûa=bʱ£¬ÔòÉú³ÉµÄÊÇNaCNÈÜÒº£¬c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨CN-£©Ò²³ÉÁ¢£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C¡¢±ù´×ËáÔÀ´Ã»ÓÐË®£¬È»ºó¼ÓË®ÈÜÓÚË®µçÀ룬µ½´ï±ù´×ËáÈ«²¿µçÀëºó£¬µ¼µçÐÔ×î´ó£¬PH×îС£¬¼ÌÐø¼ÓË®£¬ËäÈ»×ܵĵçÀëµÄ·Ö×Ó¶àÁË£¬µ«ÊÇÇâÀë×Ӻʹ×Ëá¸ùÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈϽµºÜ¿ì£¬µ¼µçÐÔϽµ£¬PHÔö¼Ó£¬Ç÷Ïò7£¬ÎÞÏÞÏ¡Êͺ󣬵¼µçÐÔ¼«Èõ£¬PH¡Ö7£¬ËùÒÔ±ù´×ËáÖÐÖðµÎ¼ÓË®£¬ÈÜÒºµ¼µçÐÔÏÈÔöÇ¿ºó¼õÈõ£¬¸ù¾ÝԽϡԽµçÀëµÄ¹æÂÉ£¬ÔòµçÀë¶ÈÖð½¥Ôö´ó£¬¿ªÊ¼½×¶ÎÊǵçÀë½×¶Î£¬ÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÖð½¥Ôö´ó£¬pH¼õС£¬´ïµ½µçÀëƽºâÒÔºó£¬ÔÙÏ¡ÊÍ£¬ÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶È¼õС£¬pHÔö´ó£¬¼´pH¾ùÏȼõСºóÔö´ó£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D¡¢NaHCO3ºÍNa2CO3»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÈÜÒº´æÔÚµçºÉÊغ㣺c£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨HCO3-£©+2c£¨CO32-£©£¬¹ÊDÕýÈ·£®
¹ÊÑ¡AD£®
B¡¢amol?L-1HCNÈÜÒºÓëbmol?L-1NaOHÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£¬Èç¹ûa=bʱ£¬ÔòÉú³ÉµÄÊÇNaCNÈÜÒº£¬c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨CN-£©Ò²³ÉÁ¢£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C¡¢±ù´×ËáÔÀ´Ã»ÓÐË®£¬È»ºó¼ÓË®ÈÜÓÚË®µçÀ룬µ½´ï±ù´×ËáÈ«²¿µçÀëºó£¬µ¼µçÐÔ×î´ó£¬PH×îС£¬¼ÌÐø¼ÓË®£¬ËäÈ»×ܵĵçÀëµÄ·Ö×Ó¶àÁË£¬µ«ÊÇÇâÀë×Ӻʹ×Ëá¸ùÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈϽµºÜ¿ì£¬µ¼µçÐÔϽµ£¬PHÔö¼Ó£¬Ç÷Ïò7£¬ÎÞÏÞÏ¡Êͺ󣬵¼µçÐÔ¼«Èõ£¬PH¡Ö7£¬ËùÒÔ±ù´×ËáÖÐÖðµÎ¼ÓË®£¬ÈÜÒºµ¼µçÐÔÏÈÔöÇ¿ºó¼õÈõ£¬¸ù¾ÝԽϡԽµçÀëµÄ¹æÂÉ£¬ÔòµçÀë¶ÈÖð½¥Ôö´ó£¬¿ªÊ¼½×¶ÎÊǵçÀë½×¶Î£¬ÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÖð½¥Ôö´ó£¬pH¼õС£¬´ïµ½µçÀëƽºâÒÔºó£¬ÔÙÏ¡ÊÍ£¬ÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶È¼õС£¬pHÔö´ó£¬¼´pH¾ùÏȼõСºóÔö´ó£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D¡¢NaHCO3ºÍNa2CO3»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÈÜÒº´æÔÚµçºÉÊغ㣺c£¨Na+£©+c£¨H+£©=c£¨OH-£©+c£¨HCO3-£©+2c£¨CO32-£©£¬¹ÊDÕýÈ·£®
¹ÊÑ¡AD£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾ÌâÖص㿼²éѧÉúÈõµç½âÖʵĵçÀëƽºâ֪ʶ£¬¿ÉÒÔ¸ù¾ÝËùѧÄÚÈÝÀ´»Ø´ð£¬ÄѶȲ»´ó£®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿