ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
ºìÁ×P(s)ºÍCl2(g)·¢Éú·´Ó¦Éú³ÉPCl3(g)ºÍPCl5(g)¡£·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌºÍÄÜÁ¿¹ØϵÈçͼËùʾ£¨Í¼Öеġ÷H±íʾÉú³É1mol²úÎïµÄÊý¾Ý£©¡£
¸ù¾ÝÉÏͼ»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©PºÍCl2·´Ó¦Éú³ÉPCl3µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇ
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£»
£¨2£©PCl5·Ö½â³ÉPCl3ºÍCl2µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇ
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£»
ÉÏÊö·Ö½â·´Ó¦ÊÇÒ»¸ö¿ÉÄæ·´Ó¦¡£Î¶ÈT1ʱ£¬ÔÚÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖмÓÈë0.80mol PCl5,·´Ó¦´ïƽºâʱPCl5»¹Ê£0.60 mol£¬Æä·Ö½âÂʦÁ1µÈÓÚ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£»Èô·´Ó¦Î¶ÈÓÉT1Éý¸ßµ½T2£¬Æ½ºâʱPCl5µÄ·Ö½âÂÊΪ¦Á2£¬¦Á2 ¦Á1(Ìî¡°´óÓÚ¡±¡¢¡°Ð¡ÓÚ¡±»ò¡°µÈÓÚ¡±)£»
£¨3£©¹¤ÒµÉÏÖƱ¸PCl5ͨ³£·ÖÁ½²½½øÐУ¬ÏȽ«PºÍCl2·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÖмä²úÎïPCl3£¬È»ºó½µÎ£¬ÔÙºÍCl2·´Ó¦Éú³ÉPCl5¡£ÔÒòÊÇ________________________¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡
£¨4£©PºÍCl2·ÖÁ½²½·´Ó¦Éú³É1mol PCl5µÄ¡÷H3=____________£¬PºÍCl2Ò»²½·´Ó¦Éú³É1molPCl5µÄ¡÷H4__________¡÷H3(Ìî¡°´óÓÚ¡±¡¢¡°Ð¡ÓÚ¡±»ò¡°µÈÓÚ¡±)¡£
£¨5£©PCl5Óë×ãÁ¿Ë®³ä·Ö·´Ó¦£¬×îÖÕÉú³ÉÁ½ÖÖËᣬÆ仯ѧ·½³ÌʽÊÇ__________________________________¡£
£¨1£©Cl2 (g)£« P(s)PCl3 (g) ¦¤H£½£306 kJ/ lmol¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡
£¨2£© PCl5(g)PCl3(g)£«Cl2(g) ¡÷H£½93kJ/ mol¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡
25£¥¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡´óÓÚ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡
£¨3£©Á½²½·´Ó¦¾ùΪ·ÅÈÈ·´Ó¦£¬½µÎÂÓÐÀûÓÚÌá¸ß²úÂÊ£¬·ÀÖ¹²úÎï·Ö½â¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡
£¨4£©£399kJ/ mol¡¡µÈÓÚ ¡¡¡¡¡¡
£¨5£©PCl5£«4H2O£½H3PO4£«5HCl
½âÎö£º£¨1£©ÓÉͼÏóÖªPºÍCl2·´Ó¦Éú³ÉPCl3µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇP£¨s)+Cl2(g)PCl3(g) ¦¤H=-306 kJ?mol-1¡£
£¨2£©¦¤H=Éú³ÉÎï×ÜÄÜÁ¿-·´Ó¦Îï×ÜÄÜÁ¿£¬·´Ó¦PCl3(g)+Cl2(g)PCl5(g) ¦¤H=-93 kJ?mol-1£¬¹Ê·´Ó¦PCl5(g)PCl3(g)+Cl2(g) ¦¤H=+93 kJ?mol-1¡£
·Ö½âÂÊ=¡Á100%=25%¡£
ÓÉÓÚ·´Ó¦PCl5PCl3+Cl2ÊÇÎüÈÈ·´Ó¦£¬Éý¸ßζȣ¬Æ½ºâÏòÕý·´Ó¦·½ÏòÒƶ¯£¬·Ö½âÂÊÔö´ó£¬¼´¦Á2´óÓÚ¦Á1¡£
£¨3£©3Cl2+2P2PCl3£»PCl3+Cl2PCl5Á½¸ö·´Ó¦¾ùΪ·ÅÈÈ·´Ó¦£¬½µµÍζȣ¬ÓÐÀûÓÚƽºâÏòÕýÏòÒƶ¯£¬Ìá¸ßÁËPCl3µÄת»¯ÂÊ£¬Í¬Ê±·ÀÖ¹PCl5·Ö½â¡£
£¨4£©¸ù¾Ý¸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉ£¬PºÍCl2·ÖÁ½²½·´Ó¦ºÍÒ»²½·´Ó¦Éú³ÉPCl5µÄ¦¤HÓ¦¸ÃÊÇÏàµÈµÄ¡£
£¨5£©PCl5ÓëH2O·´Ó¦Éú³ÉµÄËá¿ÉÄÜÊÇH3PO4¡¢HClºÍHClO£¬µ«PCl5H3PO4£¬PÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼Ûû±ä£¬ÔòClÔªËØ»¯ºÏ¼ÛÒ²²»±ä£¬¼´¸Ã·´Ó¦Éú³ÉµÄÁ½ÖÖËáÊÇH3PO4ºÍHCl¡£ËùÒԸ÷´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊÇPCl5+4H2OH3PO4+5HCl¡£