ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
£¨1£©ÔÚÒ»ÃܱÕÈÝÆ÷ÖÐÊ¢ÓÐaLCl2ºÍH2µÄ»ìºÏÆøÌ壬Óõç»ð»¨Òýȼºó£¬»Ö¸´µ½ÔÀ´×´Ì¬£¬·¢ÏÖÆøÌåÈÔΪaL£®ÓÃ×ãÁ¿µÄNaOHÈÜÒºÎüÊÕȼÉÕºóµÄÆøÌ壬½á¹ûÎÞÆøÌåÊ£Ó࣮ÓÉÒÔÉÏÌõ¼þ£¬ÍÆÖªÔ»ìºÏÆøÌåÖÐCl2ºÍH2ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈÒ»¶¨ÊÇ______£®A£®Cl2£ºH2=1 B£®Cl2£ºH2£¼1 C£®Cl2£ºH2¡Ý1 D£®Cl2£ºH2¡Ü1
£¨2£©ÇâÆøÔÚÂÈÆøÖгä·ÖȼÉÕ£¬ÈôÁ½ÕßµÄÌå»ý±ÈΪ1£º2£¬ËùµÃ»ìºÏÎïÓÃ200mL 3.00mol/LµÄNaOHÈÜÒº£¨ÃܶÈΪ1.12g/mL£©Ç¡ºÃÍêÈ«ÎüÊÕ£®
¢ÙÇóÔNaOHÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý£®£¨½á¹ûÓÃСÊý±íʾ£¬±£Áô3λСÊý£©
¢ÚÇóËùµÃÈÜÒºÖÐCl-ÓëClO-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®ºÍ£®
¢ÛÇóÈÜÒºÖÐClO-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£®
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©ÓÃ×ãÁ¿µÄNaOHÈÜÒºÎüÊÕȼÉÕºóµÄÆøÌ壬½á¹ûÎÞÆøÌåÊ£Ó࣬ÔòÂÈÆøµÄÌå»ýÒ»¶¨´óÓÚÇâÆøµÄÌå»ý£¬ÒÔ´ËÀ´½â´ð£»
£¨2£©¢Ù¸ù¾Ým=¦ÑV¼ÆËãÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬¸ù¾Ým=CVM¼ÆËãÈÜÖʵÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý¹«Ê½½øÐмÆË㣻
¢ÚÂÈÆøºÍÇâÆøÉú³ÉµÄÂÈ»¯ÇâºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÂÈ»¯ÄÆ£¬ÂÈÆøºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÂÈ»¯ÄƺʹÎÂÈËáÄÆ£¬¸ù¾ÝÔ×ÓÊغã¼ÆËãÈÜÒºÖÐCl-ÓëClO-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®ºÍ£»
¢Û¸ù¾ÝÊ£ÓàµÄÂÈÆøµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿¼ÆËã´ÎÂÈËá¸ùÀë×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©½â£ºÒòCl2+H22HCl£¬·´Ó¦Ç°ºóÌå»ý²»±ä£¬
ÓÃ×ãÁ¿µÄNaOHÈÜÒºÎüÊÕȼÉÕºóµÄÆøÌ壬½á¹ûÎÞÆøÌåÊ£Ó࣬
ÇâÆøÓë¼î²»·´Ó¦£¬¶øÂÈÆøÓë¼î·´Ó¦£¬
ÔòÂÈÆøµÄÌå»ýÒ»¶¨´óÓÚÇâÆøµÄÌå»ý£¬
¼´Cl2£ºH2¡Ý1£¬
¹ÊÑ¡C£»
£¨2£©¢ÙÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿m=¦ÑV=1.12g/mL×200mL=224g£¬ÈÜÖʵÄÖÊÁ¿m=CVM=3.00mol/L×0.2L×40g/mol=24g£¬ËùÒÔÆäÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý==10.7%£¬
´ð£ºÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýÊÇ10.7%£»
¢ÚÂÈÆøºÍÇâÆøÉú³ÉµÄÂÈ»¯ÇâºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÂÈ»¯ÄÆ£¬ÂÈÆøºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÂÈ»¯ÄƺʹÎÂÈËáÄÆ£¬2NaOH+Cl2=NaCl+NaClO+H2O¡¢NaOH+HCl=NaCl+H2OÖª£¬n£¨Cl2£©=n£¨NaOH£©=×3.00mol/L×0.2L=0.3mol£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝÔ×ÓÊغãÖª£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖÐCl-ÓëClO-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®ºÍ=2 n£¨Cl2£©=0.6mol£¬
´ð£ºËùµÃÈÜÒºÖÐCl-ÓëClO-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®ºÍΪ0.6mol£»
¢Û¸ù¾ÝH2+Cl22HCl¡¢2NaOH+Cl2=NaCl+NaClO+H2O¡¢NaOH+HCl=NaCl+H2OÖª£¬ÓÐÒ»°ëµÄÂÈÆøºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÂÈ»¯ÄƺʹÎÂÈËáÄÆ£¬ÂÈÆøºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄƵķ´Ó¦ÖÐÓÐÒ»°ëµÄÂÈÆøÉú³É´ÎÂÈËáÄÆ£¬ËùÒÔÒ»¹²ÓеÄÂÈÆøÉú³É´ÎÂÈËáÄÆ£¬ÔòÈÜÒºÖÐClO-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=n£¨Cl2£©=0.15mol£¬
´ð£ºÈÜÒºÖÐClO-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÊÇ0.15mol£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄÓйؼÆË㣬ÀûÓÃÔ×ÓÊغ㡢ÎïÖʼäµÄ·´Ó¦½øÐмÆË㣬ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
£¨2£©¢Ù¸ù¾Ým=¦ÑV¼ÆËãÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬¸ù¾Ým=CVM¼ÆËãÈÜÖʵÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý¹«Ê½½øÐмÆË㣻
¢ÚÂÈÆøºÍÇâÆøÉú³ÉµÄÂÈ»¯ÇâºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÂÈ»¯ÄÆ£¬ÂÈÆøºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÂÈ»¯ÄƺʹÎÂÈËáÄÆ£¬¸ù¾ÝÔ×ÓÊغã¼ÆËãÈÜÒºÖÐCl-ÓëClO-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®ºÍ£»
¢Û¸ù¾ÝÊ£ÓàµÄÂÈÆøµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿¼ÆËã´ÎÂÈËá¸ùÀë×ÓµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿£®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©½â£ºÒòCl2+H22HCl£¬·´Ó¦Ç°ºóÌå»ý²»±ä£¬
ÓÃ×ãÁ¿µÄNaOHÈÜÒºÎüÊÕȼÉÕºóµÄÆøÌ壬½á¹ûÎÞÆøÌåÊ£Ó࣬
ÇâÆøÓë¼î²»·´Ó¦£¬¶øÂÈÆøÓë¼î·´Ó¦£¬
ÔòÂÈÆøµÄÌå»ýÒ»¶¨´óÓÚÇâÆøµÄÌå»ý£¬
¼´Cl2£ºH2¡Ý1£¬
¹ÊÑ¡C£»
£¨2£©¢ÙÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿m=¦ÑV=1.12g/mL×200mL=224g£¬ÈÜÖʵÄÖÊÁ¿m=CVM=3.00mol/L×0.2L×40g/mol=24g£¬ËùÒÔÆäÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊý==10.7%£¬
´ð£ºÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒºµÄÖÊÁ¿·ÖÊýÊÇ10.7%£»
¢ÚÂÈÆøºÍÇâÆøÉú³ÉµÄÂÈ»¯ÇâºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÂÈ»¯ÄÆ£¬ÂÈÆøºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÂÈ»¯ÄƺʹÎÂÈËáÄÆ£¬2NaOH+Cl2=NaCl+NaClO+H2O¡¢NaOH+HCl=NaCl+H2OÖª£¬n£¨Cl2£©=n£¨NaOH£©=×3.00mol/L×0.2L=0.3mol£¬ÔÙ¸ù¾ÝÔ×ÓÊغãÖª£¬ËùµÃÈÜÒºÖÐCl-ÓëClO-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®ºÍ=2 n£¨Cl2£©=0.6mol£¬
´ð£ºËùµÃÈÜÒºÖÐCl-ÓëClO-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®ºÍΪ0.6mol£»
¢Û¸ù¾ÝH2+Cl22HCl¡¢2NaOH+Cl2=NaCl+NaClO+H2O¡¢NaOH+HCl=NaCl+H2OÖª£¬ÓÐÒ»°ëµÄÂÈÆøºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÂÈ»¯ÄƺʹÎÂÈËáÄÆ£¬ÂÈÆøºÍÇâÑõ»¯ÄƵķ´Ó¦ÖÐÓÐÒ»°ëµÄÂÈÆøÉú³É´ÎÂÈËáÄÆ£¬ËùÒÔÒ»¹²ÓеÄÂÈÆøÉú³É´ÎÂÈËáÄÆ£¬ÔòÈÜÒºÖÐClO-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿=n£¨Cl2£©=0.15mol£¬
´ð£ºÈÜÒºÖÐClO-µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿ÊÇ0.15mol£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÎïÖʵÄÁ¿µÄÓйؼÆË㣬ÀûÓÃÔ×ÓÊغ㡢ÎïÖʼäµÄ·´Ó¦½øÐмÆË㣬ÄѶÈÖеȣ®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿