ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿°±ÎªÖØÒª»¯¹¤ÔÁÏ,Óй㷺ÓÃ;¡£
£¨1£©ºÏ³É°±ÖеÄÇâÆø¿ÉÓÉÏÂÁз´Ó¦ÖÆÈ¡:
a.CH4(g)+H2O(g)CO(g)+3H2(g) ¡÷H=+216.4kJ/mol
b.CO(g)+H2O(g)CO2(g)+H2(g) ¡÷H=-41.2kJ/mol
Ôò·´Ó¦CH4(g)+2H2O(g)CO2(g)+4H2(g) ¡÷H=_________¡£
£¨2£©ÆðʼʱͶÈ뵪ÆøºÍÇâÆø·Ö±ðΪ1mol¡¢3mol£¬ÔÚ²»Í¬Î¶ȺÍѹǿϺϳɰ±¡£Æ½ºâʱ»ìºÏÎïÖа±µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊýÓëζȹØϵÈçÏÂͼ¡£
¢Ùºãѹʱ,·´Ó¦Ò»¶¨´ïµ½Æ½ºâ״̬µÄ±êÖ¾ÊÇ______(ÌîÐòºÅ)£»
A.N2ºÍH2µÄת»¯ÂÊÏàµÈ B.·´Ó¦ÌåϵÃܶȱ£³Ö²»±ä
C. ±ÈÖµ±£³Ö²»±ä D. =2
¢ÚP1_____P2(Ìî¡°>¡±¡¢¡°<¡±¡¢¡°=¡±¡¢¡°²»È·¶¨¡±£¬ÏÂͬ)£»·´Ó¦Æ½ºâ³£Êý:Bµã____Dµã£»
¢ÛCµãH2µÄת»¯ÂÊ____£»ÔÚA¡¢BÁ½µãÌõ¼þÏÂ,¸Ã·´Ó¦´Ó¿ªÊ¼µ½Æ½ºâʱÉú³É°±Æøƽ¾ùËÙÂÊ:v(A)______v(B)¡£
£¨3£©N2H4¿É×÷»ð¼ýÍƽø¼Á£¬NH3ºÍNaClOÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ·´Ó¦¿ÉÉú³ÉN2H4¡£
¢Ùд³öNH3ºÍNaClO·´Ó¦Éú³ÉN2H4µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ__________£»
¢ÚÒÑÖª25¡æʱN2H4Ë®ÈÜÒº³ÊÈõ¼îÐÔ:N2H4+H2ON2H5++OH- K1=1¡Á10-a£»N2H5++H2ON2H62++OH- K2=1¡Á10-b¡£
25¡æʱ,ÏòN2H4Ë®ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëH2SO4,Óûʹc(N2H5+)>c(N2H4),ͬʱc(N2H5+)>c(N2H62+),Ó¦¿ØÖÆÈÜÒºpH·¶Î§_________(Óú¬a¡¢bʽ×Ó±íʾ)¡£
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿ +175.2kJ/mol BC < > 66.7% < 2NH3+NaClON2H4+NaCl+H2O (14-b£¬14-a)
¡¾½âÎö¡¿£¨1£©a+b¿ÉµÃ·´Ó¦CH4(g)+2H2O(g)CO2(g)+4H2(g)£¬¸ù¾Ý¸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉ£¬¡÷H=+216.4kJ/mol+(-41.2kJ/mol)=+175.2kJ/mol¡£
£¨2£©¢ÙAÏµªÆøºÍÇâÆø³õʼÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈΪ1:3£¬ÓÉ·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽN2+3H22NH3¿ÉµÃ£¬µªÆøºÍÇâÆø°´ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Ö®±ÈΪ1:3·´Ó¦£¬ËùÒÔN2ºÍH2µÄת»¯ÂÊÊÇÏàµÈµÄ£¬ÓëÊÇ·ñ´ïµ½Æ½ºâ״̬Î޹أ¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»BÏ¸Ã·´Ó¦ÊÇÒ»¸öÆøÌå·Ö×ÓÊý±ä»¯µÄ·´Ó¦£¬ºãѹʱֻҪ²»Æ½ºâ£¬ÆøÌåÌå»ý¾Í»á·¢Éú±ä»¯£¬ÒòΪÆøÌå×ÜÖÊÁ¿²»±ä£¬ËùÒÔÃܶȾͻ᲻¶Ï±ä»¯£¬µ±ÃܶȲ»±äʱ£¬ËµÃ÷ÕýÄæ·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊÏàµÈ£¬Æ½ºâ²»ÔÙ·¢ÉúÒƶ¯£¬¹ÊBÕýÈ·£»CÏÇâÆøÊÇ·´Ó¦Î°±ÆøÊÇÉú³ÉÎֻҪ²»Æ½ºâ£¬ÈôÇâÆø¼õÉÙ£¬Ôò°±Æø±ØÔö¶à£¬Æä±ÈÖµ¾Í»á±ä»¯£¬µ±±ÈÖµ²»±äʱ˵Ã÷ÒѾ´¦ÓÚƽºâ״̬£¬¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»DÏµªÆøÊÇ·´Ó¦Î°±ÆøÊÇÉú³ÉÎֻҪ²»Æ½ºâ£¬ÈôµªÆø¼õÉÙ£¬Ôò°±Æø±ØÔö¶à£¬Æä±ÈÖµ¾Í»á±ä»¯£¬µ±±ÈÖµ²»±äʱ˵Ã÷ÒѾ´¦ÓÚƽºâ״̬£¬µ«µ±±ÈÖµ=2ʱ£¬È´²»Ò»¶¨²»Ôٱ仯£¬ËùÒÔ²»Ò»¶¨ÊÇƽºâ״̬£¬¹ÊD´íÎ󡣢ںϳɰ±·´Ó¦ÊÇÒ»¸öÆøÌå·Ö×ÓÊý¼õСµÄ·´Ó¦£¬Ôö´óѹǿÓÐÀûÓÚƽºâÕýÏòÒƶ¯£¬ÓÉͼ¿ÉÖª£¬Î¶ÈÏàͬʱ£¬Ñ¹Ç¿ÎªP1ʱƽºâ»ìºÏÎïÖа±µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊýСÓÚѹǿΪP2ʱ£¬ËùÒÔP1<P2£»ºÏ³É°±Õý·´Ó¦Îª·ÅÈÈ·´Ó¦£¬Î¶ÈÔ½¸ß»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ³£ÊýԽС£¬DµãζȸßÓÚBµãζȣ¬ËùÒÔ»¯Ñ§Æ½ºâ³£Êý£ºBµã>Dµã¡£
¢ÛÉècµãH2µÄת»¯ÂÊΪ¦Á(H2)£¬ÁÐÈý¶ÎʽµÃ£º
ÒòΪƽºâ»ìºÏÎïÖа±µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊýΪ50%£¬Í¬ÎÂͬѹÏÂÆøÌåÌå»ý·ÖÊý=ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿·ÖÊý£¬ËùÒÔ¡Á100%=50%£¬½âµÃ¦Á(H2)¡Ö66.7%¡£ÓÉͼ¿ÉµÃ£¬A¡¢BÁ½µãƽºâ»ìºÏÎïÖа±µÄÌå»ý·ÖÊýÏàͬ£¬BµãζȺÍѹǿ¾ù¸ßÓÚAµãζȺÍѹǿ£¬ÔòÔÚA¡¢BÁ½µãÌõ¼þÏ£¬¸Ã·´Ó¦´Ó¿ªÊ¼µ½Æ½ºâʱÉú³É°±Æøƽ¾ùËÙÂÊ:v(A)<v(B)¡£
£¨3£©¢ÙNH3ÓëNaClOÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ·¢ÉúÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦¿ÉµÃµ½ëÂ(N2H4)£¬NaClO×÷Ñõ»¯¼Á£¬±»»¹ÔΪNaCl£¬¸ù¾ÝÔ×ÓÊغ㣬»¹ÓÐË®Éú³É£¬¹Ê»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º2NH3+NaClON2H4+NaCl+H2O¡£¢ÚK1==1¡Á10-a£¬ËùÒÔc(N2H5+)=c(N2H4)ʱ£¬c(OH-)=1¡Á10-a£¬c(H+)==10-(14-a)£¬pH=-lgc(H+)=14-a£¬Ôòc(N2H5+)>c(N2H4)ʱ£¬c(OH-)<1¡Á10-a£¬c(H+)=>10-(14-a)£¬pH=-lgc(H+)<14-a£»K2==1¡Á10-b£¬ËùÒÔc(N2H5+)=c(N2H62+)ʱ£¬c(OH-)=1¡Á10-b£¬c(H+)==10-(14-b)£¬pH=-lgc(H+)=14-b£¬Ôòc(N2H5+)>c(N2H62+)ʱ£¬c(OH-)>1¡Á10-b£¬c(H+)=<10-(14-b)£¬pH=-lgc(H+)>14-b¡£ËùÒÔ25¡æʱ£¬ÏòN2H4Ë®ÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëH2SO4£¬Óûʹc(N2H5+)>c(N2H4)£¬Í¬Ê±c(N2H5+)>c(N2H62+)£¬Ó¦¿ØÖÆÈÜÒºpH·¶Î§Îª£º(14-b£¬14-a)¡£