ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
²ÄÁÏ£¨Ñ¡ÐÞÈý¿Î±¾£©£ºÏòÊ¢ÓÐÁòËáÍË®ÈÜÒºµÄÊÔ¹ÜÀï¼ÓÈ백ˮ£¬Ê×ÏÈÐγÉÄÑÈÜÎ¼ÌÐø¼Ó°±Ë®£¬ÄÑÈÜÎïÈܽ⣬µÃµ½ÉîÀ¶É«Í¸Ã÷ÈÜÒº£»Èô¼ÓÈ뼫ÐÔ½ÏСµÄÈܼÁ£¨ÈçÒÒ´¼£©£¬½«Îö³öÉîÀ¶É«µÄ¾§Ì壮
£¨¢ñ£©ÔÚ»¯Ñ§ÊµÑéºÍ¿ÆѧÑо¿ÖУ¬Ë®ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ×î³£ÓõÄÈܼÁ£®Ë®ÊÇÉúÃüÖ®Ô´£¬ËüÓëÎÒÃǵÄÉú»îÃÜÇÐÏà¹Ø£®
£¨1£©Ð´³öÓëH2O·Ö×Ó»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌåµÄ΢Á£
£¨2£©H2O·Ö×ÓÄÚµÄO-H¼ü¡¢·Ö×Ó¼äµÄ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦ºÍÇâ¼ü´ÓÇ¿µ½ÈõÒÀ´ÎΪ
£¨¢ò£©µ¨·¯¾§ÌåÊÇÅäÖƲ¨¶û¶àÒºµÄÖ÷ÒªÔÁÏ£¬²¨¶û¶àÒºÊÇÒ»ÖÖ±£»¤ÐÔɱ¾ú¼Á£¬¹ã·ºÓ¦ÓÃÓÚÊ÷ľ¡¢¹ûÊ÷ºÍ»¨»ÜÉÏ£®
£¨3£©Ð´³öÍÔ×Ó¼Û²ãµç×ӵĵç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½
£¨4£©ÏòÊ¢ÓÐÁòËáÍË®ÈÜÒºµÄÊÔ¹ÜÀï¼ÓÈ백ˮ£¬Ê×ÏÈÐγÉÄÑÈÜÎ¼ÌÐø¼Ó°±Ë®£¬ÄÑÈÜÎïÈܽ⣬µÃµ½ÉîÀ¶É«µÄ͸Ã÷ÈÜÒº£»ÒÔÉϹý³ÌÖз¢ÉúµÄÀë×Ó·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ£º
£¨¢ñ£©ÔÚ»¯Ñ§ÊµÑéºÍ¿ÆѧÑо¿ÖУ¬Ë®ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ×î³£ÓõÄÈܼÁ£®Ë®ÊÇÉúÃüÖ®Ô´£¬ËüÓëÎÒÃǵÄÉú»îÃÜÇÐÏà¹Ø£®
£¨1£©Ð´³öÓëH2O·Ö×Ó»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌåµÄ΢Á£
H2S»òNH2-
H2S»òNH2-
£¨Ìî1ÖÖ£©£®£¨2£©H2O·Ö×ÓÄÚµÄO-H¼ü¡¢·Ö×Ó¼äµÄ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦ºÍÇâ¼ü´ÓÇ¿µ½ÈõÒÀ´ÎΪ
O-H¼ü£¾Çâ¼ü£¾·Ö×Ó¼äµÄ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦
O-H¼ü£¾Çâ¼ü£¾·Ö×Ó¼äµÄ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦
£¨¢ò£©µ¨·¯¾§ÌåÊÇÅäÖƲ¨¶û¶àÒºµÄÖ÷ÒªÔÁÏ£¬²¨¶û¶àÒºÊÇÒ»ÖÖ±£»¤ÐÔɱ¾ú¼Á£¬¹ã·ºÓ¦ÓÃÓÚÊ÷ľ¡¢¹ûÊ÷ºÍ»¨»ÜÉÏ£®
£¨3£©Ð´³öÍÔ×Ó¼Û²ãµç×ӵĵç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½
3d104s1
3d104s1
£¬ÓëÍͬһÖÜÆڵĸ±×åÔªËصĻù̬Ô×ÓÖÐ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÓëÍÔ×ÓÏàͬµÄÔªËØÓÐCr
Cr
£¨ÌîÔªËØ·ûºÅ£©£®£¨4£©ÏòÊ¢ÓÐÁòËáÍË®ÈÜÒºµÄÊÔ¹ÜÀï¼ÓÈ백ˮ£¬Ê×ÏÈÐγÉÄÑÈÜÎ¼ÌÐø¼Ó°±Ë®£¬ÄÑÈÜÎïÈܽ⣬µÃµ½ÉîÀ¶É«µÄ͸Ã÷ÈÜÒº£»ÒÔÉϹý³ÌÖз¢ÉúµÄÀë×Ó·´Ó¦·½³ÌʽΪ£º
Cu2++2NH3?H2O¨TCu£¨OH£©2¡ý+2NH4+
Cu2++2NH3?H2O¨TCu£¨OH£©2¡ý+2NH4+
£»Cu£¨OH£©2+4NH3¨T[Cu£¨NH3£©4]2++2OH-
Cu£¨OH£©2+4NH3¨T[Cu£¨NH3£©4]2++2OH-
£®ÊµÑéʱÐγɵÄÉîÀ¶É«ÈÜÒºÖеÄÑôÀë×ÓÄÚ´æÔÚµÄÈ«²¿»¯Ñ§¼üÀàÐÍÓй²¼Û¼ü¡¢Åäλ¼ü
¹²¼Û¼ü¡¢Åäλ¼ü
£®·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©Ô×Ó¸öÊýÏàµÈ¡¢¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÏàµÈµÄ΢Á£ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壻
£¨2£©»¯Ñ§¼üµÄ¼üÄÜ´óÓÚÇâ¼üµÄ¼üÄÜ£¬Çâ¼üµÄ¼üÄÜ´óÓÚ·Ö×Ó¼ä×÷ÓÃÁ¦£»
£¨3£©CuÊÇ29ºÅÔªËØ£¬Ô×ÓºËÍâµç×ÓÊýΪ29£¬¸ù¾ÝºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼¹æÂÉÊéд͵Ļù̬Ô×Ó¼Ûµç×Óµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½£»
¸ù¾ÝÓëÍͬһÖÜÆڵĸ±×åÔªËصĻù̬Ô×ÓÖÐ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÓëÍÔ×ÓÏàͬµÄÔªËØ£¬¼Û²ãµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª3d54s1£¬ÓÉ´ËÍƵ¼³öÔªËصÄÖÖÀࣻ
£¨4£©ÁòËáÍÏȺͰ±Ë®·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯Í£¬ÇâÑõ»¯ÍºÍ°±Ë®·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÂçºÏÎ¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦Ð´³öÀë×Ó·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£»¸ù¾Ýµ¨·¯ÈÜÒºÓë×ãÁ¿°±Ë®ÐγɵÄÉîÀ¶É«ÈÜÒºÖеÄÑôÀë×ÓΪËÄ°±ºÏÍÂçÀë×Ó£®
£¨2£©»¯Ñ§¼üµÄ¼üÄÜ´óÓÚÇâ¼üµÄ¼üÄÜ£¬Çâ¼üµÄ¼üÄÜ´óÓÚ·Ö×Ó¼ä×÷ÓÃÁ¦£»
£¨3£©CuÊÇ29ºÅÔªËØ£¬Ô×ÓºËÍâµç×ÓÊýΪ29£¬¸ù¾ÝºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼¹æÂÉÊéд͵Ļù̬Ô×Ó¼Ûµç×Óµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½£»
¸ù¾ÝÓëÍͬһÖÜÆڵĸ±×åÔªËصĻù̬Ô×ÓÖÐ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÓëÍÔ×ÓÏàͬµÄÔªËØ£¬¼Û²ãµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª3d54s1£¬ÓÉ´ËÍƵ¼³öÔªËصÄÖÖÀࣻ
£¨4£©ÁòËáÍÏȺͰ±Ë®·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯Í£¬ÇâÑõ»¯ÍºÍ°±Ë®·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÂçºÏÎ¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦Ð´³öÀë×Ó·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£»¸ù¾Ýµ¨·¯ÈÜÒºÓë×ãÁ¿°±Ë®ÐγɵÄÉîÀ¶É«ÈÜÒºÖеÄÑôÀë×ÓΪËÄ°±ºÏÍÂçÀë×Ó£®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©Ô×Ó¸öÊýÏàµÈ¡¢¼Ûµç×ÓÊýÏàµÈµÄ΢Á£ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壬ÓëË®»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌåµÄ΢Á£ÓУºH2S¡¢NH2-£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºH2S¡¢NH2-£»
£¨2£©¹²¼Û¼üµÄ¼üÄÜ´óÓÚÇâ¼üµÄ×÷ÓÃÁ¦£¬Çâ¼üµÄ×÷ÓÃÁ¦»¹´óÓÚ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦£¬¹ÊH2O·Ö×ÓÄÚµÄO-H¼ü¡¢·Ö×Ó¼äµÄ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦ºÍÇâ¼ü´ÓÇ¿µ½ÈõÒÀ´ÎΪO-H¼ü¡¢Çâ¼ü¡¢·Ö×Ó¼äµÄ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºO-H¼ü£¾Çâ¼ü£¾·Ö×Ó¼äµÄ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦£»
£¨3£©CuÊÇ29ºÅÔªËØ£¬Ô×ÓºËÍâµç×ÓÊýΪ29£¬ÍµÄ»ù̬Ô×Ó¼Ûµç×Óµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½3d104s1£»ÓëÍͬһÖÜÆڵĸ±×åÔªËصĻù̬Ô×ÓÖÐ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÓëÍÔ×ÓÏàͬµÄÔªËØ£¬¼Û²ãµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª3d54s1£¬ºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½ÊÇ1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1£¬ÊÇCrÔªËØ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º3d104s1£»Cr£»
£¨4£©°±Ë®ºÍÁòËáÍ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÍÀ¶É«³Áµí£¬µ±°±Ë®¹ýÁ¿Ê±£¬°±Ë®ºÍÇâÑõ»¯Í·´Ó¦Éú³É¿ÉÈÜÐÔµÄÍ°±ÂçºÏÎËùÒÔÄÑÈÜÎïÈܽâµÃµ½ÉîÀ¶É«µÄ͸Ã÷ÈÜÒº£¬Éæ¼°µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£ºCu2++2NH3?H2O¨TCu£¨OH£©2¡ý+2NH4+¡¢Cu£¨OH£©2+4NH3¨T[Cu£¨NH3£©4]2++2OH-£»µ¨·¯ÈÜÒºÓë×ãÁ¿°±Ë®ÐγɵÄÉîÀ¶É«ÈÜÒºÖеÄÑôÀë×ÓΪËÄ°±ºÏÍÂçÀë×Ó£¬N¡¢HÔ×ÓÖ®¼äÒÔ¹²¼Û¼ü½áºÏ£¬Cu2+Ìṩ¿Õ¹ìµÀ£¬NÔ×ÓÌṩ¹Â¶Ôµç×Ó£¬ÔòÒÔÅäλ¼ü½áºÏ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCu2++2NH3?H2O¨TCu£¨OH£©2¡ý+2NH4+£»Cu£¨OH£©2+4NH3¨T[Cu£¨NH3£©4]2++2OH-£»¹²¼Û¼ü¡¢Åäλ¼ü£®
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºH2S¡¢NH2-£»
£¨2£©¹²¼Û¼üµÄ¼üÄÜ´óÓÚÇâ¼üµÄ×÷ÓÃÁ¦£¬Çâ¼üµÄ×÷ÓÃÁ¦»¹´óÓÚ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦£¬¹ÊH2O·Ö×ÓÄÚµÄO-H¼ü¡¢·Ö×Ó¼äµÄ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦ºÍÇâ¼ü´ÓÇ¿µ½ÈõÒÀ´ÎΪO-H¼ü¡¢Çâ¼ü¡¢·Ö×Ó¼äµÄ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºO-H¼ü£¾Çâ¼ü£¾·Ö×Ó¼äµÄ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦£»
£¨3£©CuÊÇ29ºÅÔªËØ£¬Ô×ÓºËÍâµç×ÓÊýΪ29£¬ÍµÄ»ù̬Ô×Ó¼Ûµç×Óµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½3d104s1£»ÓëÍͬһÖÜÆڵĸ±×åÔªËصĻù̬Ô×ÓÖÐ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÓëÍÔ×ÓÏàͬµÄÔªËØ£¬¼Û²ãµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª3d54s1£¬ºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½ÊÇ1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1£¬ÊÇCrÔªËØ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º3d104s1£»Cr£»
£¨4£©°±Ë®ºÍÁòËáÍ·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÍÀ¶É«³Áµí£¬µ±°±Ë®¹ýÁ¿Ê±£¬°±Ë®ºÍÇâÑõ»¯Í·´Ó¦Éú³É¿ÉÈÜÐÔµÄÍ°±ÂçºÏÎËùÒÔÄÑÈÜÎïÈܽâµÃµ½ÉîÀ¶É«µÄ͸Ã÷ÈÜÒº£¬Éæ¼°µÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ£ºCu2++2NH3?H2O¨TCu£¨OH£©2¡ý+2NH4+¡¢Cu£¨OH£©2+4NH3¨T[Cu£¨NH3£©4]2++2OH-£»µ¨·¯ÈÜÒºÓë×ãÁ¿°±Ë®ÐγɵÄÉîÀ¶É«ÈÜÒºÖеÄÑôÀë×ÓΪËÄ°±ºÏÍÂçÀë×Ó£¬N¡¢HÔ×ÓÖ®¼äÒÔ¹²¼Û¼ü½áºÏ£¬Cu2+Ìṩ¿Õ¹ìµÀ£¬NÔ×ÓÌṩ¹Â¶Ôµç×Ó£¬ÔòÒÔÅäλ¼ü½áºÏ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCu2++2NH3?H2O¨TCu£¨OH£©2¡ý+2NH4+£»Cu£¨OH£©2+4NH3¨T[Cu£¨NH3£©4]2++2OH-£»¹²¼Û¼ü¡¢Åäλ¼ü£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÎïÖʽṹÓëÐÔÖÊ£¬Ã÷È·Ô×ÓÐòÊý¡¢µç×ÓÅŲ¼¡¢¼Ûµç×Ó¡¢µÈµç×ÓÌå¡¢»¯Ñ§¼üµÈ֪ʶ¼´¿É½â´ð£¬ÄѶȽϴó£®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿