ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿X¡¢Y¡¢Z¡¢U¡¢W ÊÇÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´óµÄÇ°ËÄÖÜÆÚÔªËØ¡£ÆäÖÐ Y µÄÔ×ÓºËÍâÓÐ 7 ÖÖÔ˶¯×´Ì¬²»Í¬µÄ µç×Ó£»X¡¢Z ÖÐδ³É¶Ôµç×ÓÊý¾ùΪ 2£»U ÊǵÚÈýÖÜÆÚÔªËØÐγɵļòµ¥Àë×ÓÖа뾶×îСµÄÔªËØ£»W µÄÄÚ²ãµç ×ÓÈ«³äÂú£¬×îÍâ²ãÖ»ÓÐ 1 ¸öµç×Ó¡£Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©U ÔÚÖÜÆÚ±íÖеÄλÖà ¡£X¡¢Y¡¢Z µÄµÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜ´Ó´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ £¨ÓÃÔªËØ·ûºÅ±íʾ£¬ÏÂͬ)¡£
£¨2£©Ð´³ö W µÄ¼Ûµç×ÓÅŲ¼Í¼ ¡£
£¨3£©¸ù¾ÝµÈµç×ÓÌåÔÀí£¬¿ÉÖª»¯ºÏÎï XZ µÄµç×ÓʽÊÇ ¡£
£¨4£©X¡¢Y¡¢ZµÄ×î¼òµ¥Ç⻯ÎïµÄ¼ü½Ç´Ó´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ £¨ Óû¯Ñ§Ê½±íʾ)£¬ ÔÒò ÊÇ ¡£
£¨5£©ÓÉÔªËØ Y Óë U ÔªËØ×é³ÉµÄ»¯ºÏÎï A£¬¾§°û½á¹¹ÈçÓÒͼËùʾ£¨ºÚÇò±íʾ Y Ô×Ó£¬ °×Çò±íʾ U Ô×Ó£©£¬Çëд³ö»¯ºÏÎï A µÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½ £¬ÆäÖÐ Y ÔªËصÄÔÓ»¯·½Ê½ÊÇ ¡£
£¨6£©U µÄ¾§ÌåÊôÁ¢·½¾§Ïµ£¬Æ侧°û±ß³¤Îª 405 pm£¬ÃܶÈÊÇ 2.70 g/cm£¬Í¨¹ý¼ÆËãÈ·¶¨ Æ侧°ûµÄÀàÐÍ £¨Ìî¼òµ¥Á¢·½¶Ñ»ý¡¢ÌåÐÄÁ¢·½¶Ñ»ý»òÃæÐÄÁ¢·½×îÃÜ¶Ñ »ý£©£¨ÒÑÖª£º4053¡Ö6.64¡Á107£©
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿£¨1£©µÚÈýÖÜÆÚ IIIA ×å(1 ·Ö) N£¾O£¾C(1·Ö)
£¨2£©
£¨3£©£¨4£©£¨4£©CH4£¾NH3£¾H2O
ÈýÖÖÇ⻯ÎïµÄÖÐÐÄÔ×Ó¼Û²ãµç×Ó¶ÔÊý¾ùΪËÄ£¬VSEPR Ä£Ð;ùΪÕýËÄÃæÌåÐΣ¬µ«ÖÐÐÄÔ×ӵŵç×Ó ¶ÔÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£¬µ¼Ö¦ҼüÖ®¼äµÄ¼ü½Ç±äС£¨5£©AlN sp3 (1 ·Ö)£¨6£©ÃæÐÄÁ¢·½×îÃܶѻý
¡¾½âÎö¡¿
ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£ºX¡¢Y¡¢Z¡¢U¡¢WÊÇÔ×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´óµÄÇ°ËÄÖÜÆÚÔªËØ£¬ÆäÖÐYµÄÔ×ÓºËÍâÓÐ7ÖÖÔ˶¯×´Ì¬²»Í¬µÄµç×Ó£¬ÔòYΪNÔªËØ£»UÊǵÚÈýÖÜÆÚÔªËØÐγɵļòµ¥Àë×ÓÖа뾶×îСµÄÔªËØ£¬ÔòUΪAl£»X¡¢ZÖÐδ³É¶Ôµç×ÓÊý¾ùΪ2£¬XµÄÔ×ÓÐòÊýСÓÚN£¬¶øZµÄÔ×ÓÐòÊý½éÓÚN¡¢AlÖ®¼ä£¬X¡¢ZµÄºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼·Ö±ðΪ1s22s22p2£¬1s22s22p4£¬¹ÊXΪCÔªËØ¡¢ZΪOÔªËØ£»WµÄÄÚ²ãµç×ÓÈ«³äÂú£¬×îÍâ²ãÖ»ÓÐ1¸öµç×Ó£¬Ô×ÓÐòÊý´óÓÚAl£¬Ö»ÄÜ´¦ÓÚµÚËÄÖÜÆÚ£¬ºËÍâµç×ÓÊýΪ2+8+18+1=29£¬¹ÊWΪCuÔªËØ¡£
£¨1£©ÂÁÔªËØÔÚÖÜÆÚ±íÖеÄλÖÃÊǵÚÈýÖÜÆÚ IIIA×壻ͬÖÜÆÚËæÔ×ÓÐòÊýÔö´ó£¬µÚÒ»µçÀëÄܳÊÔö´óÇ÷ÊÆ£¬µ«NÔªËØ2pÄܼ¶Îª°ëÂúÎȶ¨×´Ì¬£¬ÄÜÁ¿½ÏµÍ£¬µÚÒ»µçÀëÄܸßÓÚͬÖÜÆÚÏàÁÚÔªËØ£¬¹ÊµÚÒ»µçÀëÄÜN£¾O£¾C£»
£¨2£©WΪCuÔªËØ£¬¼Ûµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª3d104s1£¬¼Ûµç×ÓÅŲ¼Í¼Îª£º£»
£¨3£©¸ù¾ÝµÈµç×ÓÌåÔÀí£¬¿ÉÖª»¯ºÏÎïCOÓëN2»¥ÎªµÈµç×ÓÌ壬µç×ÓʽΪ£»
£¨4£©X¡¢Y¡¢ZµÄ×î¼òµ¥Ç⻯Îï·Ö±ðΪCH4¡¢NH3¡¢H2O£¬3ÖÖÇ⻯ÎïµÄÖÐÐÄÔ×Ó¼Û²ãµç×Ó¶ÔÊý¾ùΪ4£¬VSEPRÄ£Ð;ùΪÕýËÄÃæÌåÐΣ¬µ«ÖÐÐÄÔ×ӵŵç×Ó¶ÔÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£¬µ¼Ö¼ü½Ç±äС£¬¹Ê¼ü½Ç£ºCH4£¾NH3£¾H2O£»
£¨5£©¾§°ûÖÐNÔ×ÓÊýĿΪ4£¬AlÔ×ÓÊýĿΪ8¡Á1/8+6¡Á1/2=4£¬¹Ê¸Ã»¯ºÏÎﻯѧʽΪAlN£¬YÔ×ÓÐγÉ4¸ö¹²¼Û¼ü£¬¹ÊYÔ×ÓÔÓ»¯·½Ê½Îªsp3£»
£¨6£©É辧°ûÖÐAlÔ×ÓÊýĿΪN£¨Al£©£¬ÔòN£¨Al£©¡Á27/6.02¡Á1023g=£¨405¡Á10-10£©3¡Á2.70g/cm3£¬½âµÃN£¨Al£©=4.00£¬ËùÒÔÆ侧°ûµÄÀàÐÍÃæÐÄÁ¢·½Ãܶѻý¡£