ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿ÏÂÁи÷Ïî±íÊöÖУ¬Á½¸öÁ£×ÓÒ»¶¨²»ÊôÓÚͬÖÖÔªËØÔ×ÓµÄÊÇ£¨ £©
A. 3pÄܼ¶ÓÐÒ»¸ö¿Õ¹ìµÀµÄ»ù̬Ô×ӺͺËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª1s22s22p63s23p2µÄÔ×Ó
B. 2pÄܼ¶ÎÞ¿Õ¹ìµÀ£¬ÇÒÓÐÒ»¸öδ³É¶Ôµç×ӵĻù̬Ô×ÓºÍÔ×ÓµÄ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª2s22p5µÄÔ×Ó
C. M²ãÈ«³äÂú¶øN²ãÅŲ¼Îª4s2µÄÔ×ӺͺËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª1s22s22p63s23p64s2µÄÔ×Ó
D. ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÊǺËÍâµç×Ó×ÜÊý1/5µÄÔ×ÓºÍ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÅŲ¼Îª4s24p5µÄÔ×Ó
¡¾´ð°¸¡¿C
¡¾½âÎö¡¿ÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£ºA£®3pÄܼ¶ÓÐÒ»¸ö¿Õ¹ìµÀµÄ»ù̬Ô×ӺͺËÍâµç×ÓµÄÅŲ¼Ê½Îª1s22s22p63s23p2µÄÔ×Ó¾ùÊǹèÔªËØ£¬A´íÎó£»B£®2pÄܼ¶ÎÞ¿Õ¹ìµÀ£¬ÇÒÓÐÒ»¸öδ³É¶Ôµç×ӵĻù̬Ô×ÓºÍÔ×ÓµÄ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª2s22p5µÄÔ×Ó¾ùÊÇFÔªËØ£¬B´íÎó£»C£®M²ãÈ«³äÂú¶øN²ãΪ4s2µÄÔ×ÓÊÇп£¬ºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª1s22s22p63s23p64s2µÄÔ×ÓÊǸƣ¬¶þÕß²»ÊÇͬһÖÖÔªËØ£¬CÕýÈ·£»D£®×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÊýÊǺËÍâµç×Ó×ÜÊý1/5µÄÔ×ÓºÍ×îÍâ²ãµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª4s24p5µÄÔ×Ó¾ùÊÇä壬D´íÎ󣬴ð°¸Ñ¡C¡£
¡¾ÌâÄ¿¡¿¸ù¾ÝÒªÇó»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
(1)»ú¶¯³µÎ²ÆøÒѳÉΪ³ÇÊдóÆøµÄÖ÷ÒªÎÛȾԴ£¬»ú¶¯³µÎ²ÆøÖеÄÖ÷ÒªÓк¦ÎïÖÊΪµªµÄÑõ»¯ÎĿǰ¿Æ¼¼¹¤×÷ÕßÕýÔÚ̽Ë÷Óü×ÍéµÈȼÁÏÆøÌ彫µªÑõ»¯ÎﻹÔΪN2ºÍH2O£¬Éæ¼°µÄ·´Ó¦ÓУº
CH4(g)£«4NO2(g)===4NO(g)£«CO2(g)£«2H2O(g) ¦¤H1£½£574 kJ¡¤mol£1
CH4(g)£«2NO2(g)===CO2(g)£«2H2O(g)£«N2(g) ¦¤H2£½£867 kJ¡¤mol£1
д³öCH4»¹ÔNOÉú³ÉN2µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º______________________________¡£
(2)Ò»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬²»Í¬Á¿µÄCO2Ó벻ͬÁ¿µÄNaOH³ä·Ö·´Ó¦·Å³öµÄÈÈÁ¿ÈçϱíËùʾ£º
CO2µÄÁ¿ | NaOHµÄÁ¿ | ·Å³öµÄÈÈÁ¿ |
22.0 g | 750 mL 1.0 mol¡¤L£1 | x kJ |
1.0 mol | 2.0 L 1.0 mol¡¤L£1 | y kJ |
д³ö¸ÃÌõ¼þÏ£¬CO2ÓëNaOH·´Ó¦Éú³ÉNaHCO3µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º
______________________________________________¡£
(3)ÎÒ¹úú̿×ÊÔ´Ïà¶ÔʯÓͺÍÌìÈ»Æø×ÊÔ´·á¸»£¬ÃºµÄ×ÛºÏÀûÓÃÖ÷ÒªÊÇָúµÄÆø»¯ºÍÒº»¯¡£ÃºµÄÖ÷Òª³É·ÖΪ̼Ç⻯ºÏÎÓÃCH´ú±íúµÄ¡°·Ö×Óʽ¡±¡£ÒÑÖª£º
ú̿ÔÚÑõÆø·ÕΧÖÐÆø»¯ 2CH(s)£«O2(g)===2CO(g)£«H2(g) ¦¤H1
Æø»¯ºóµÄÆøÌåºÏ³É¼×´¼ CO(g)£«2H2(g)===CH3OH(g) ¦¤H2
¼×´¼ÖƱ¸±ûÏ©µÄ·´Ó¦ 3CH3OH(g)===C3H6(g)£«3H2O(g) ¦¤H3
д³öÔÚÒ»¶¨Ìõ¼þÏ£¬ÃºÌ¿ÔÚÑõÆø·ÕΧÖз´Ó¦Ö±½ÓÉú³É±ûÏ©¡¢Ë®ÕôÆøºÍCOµÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º
______________________________________¡£