题目内容

【题目】湖泊换水周期的长短可以用公式T=W/(Q×86 400)计算。T为换水周期,以天计;W为湖泊贮水量,以立方米计;Q为年平均入湖流量,以立方米/秒计。下表为我国部分湖泊的有关数据表。据此回答下题。

湖名

面积(平方千米)

贮水量W(亿立方米)

年平均入湖流量Q(立方米/秒)

换水周期T(天)

鄱阳湖

3583

259

5093.1

59

洞庭湖

2820

173

10353.0

20

太湖

2420

44

195

264

滇池(昆明)

297

12

28.6

485

青海湖

4853

742

38.94

22054

【1】表中的数据表明

A.贮水量越小,湖泊水更新越快

B.入湖流量越大,湖泊水更新越快

C.换水周期越短,水循环越活跃

D.换水周期越长,水体污染越严重

【2】从表中鄱阳湖和洞庭湖的数据分析可知

A.鄱阳湖面积大主要是因为该湖贮水量大

B.鄱阳湖贮水量大主要是因为该湖入湖流量小

C.洞庭湖贮水量小主要是因为该湖泥沙淤积严重

D.洞庭湖入湖流量大主要是因为该湖流域降水量小

【答案】

【1】C

【2】C

【解析】

试题分析:

【1】根据表中数据,湖泊换水周期公式,与贮水量呈正相关,与入湖流量呈负相关;贮水量越小,湖泊水更新越慢,A错;入湖流量越大,湖泊水更新越慢,B错;换水周期越短,说明水循环越活跃,C正确;换水周期越长,只能说明水循环弱,而不代表水体污染越严重,D错。选C正确。

【2】鄱阳湖面积大的主要原因是该湖平均深度浅,A错;贮水量大主要是因为该湖面积大,B错;洞庭湖贮水量小可能是该湖泥沙淤积严重,C对;洞庭湖入湖水量大的主要原因是该湖流域降水量大,D错。选C正确。

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