题目内容

【题目】书面表达

假设你是李华,你的笔友Peter给你发来一封电子邮件,信中讲述他和同学发生了冲突,心情很不好。请你写一封邮件对他进行劝告。内容必须包含以下三个方面:

1. 介绍和同学产生冲突不良影响。

2. 分析发生冲突的主要原因。

3. 谈谈应如何处理好同学们之间的关系。

注意:1. 词数:100词左右;

2.文章的开头结尾已经给出,不计入总词数;

3.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Dear Peter,

I have received your e-mail saying that you conflicted with your classmate and is in a bad

mood._______________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

I do hope my suggestions can be of help to you.

Yours,

Li Hua

答案

Dear Peter,

I have received your e-mail saying that you conflicted with your classmate and is in a bad mood. Now I want to say something about it.

Classmate conflicts often result from different attitudes towards some issues. If we fail to deal with these conflicts properly, they can affect our mood and even lead to serious results.

Then what should we do to avoid these conflicts? In my opinion, when this situation arises, we should keep a cool head and put ourselves in others shoes rather than get annoyed and lose temper. Whats more, learning the art of compromise can contribute a lot to a good relationship. I think you may try communicating with your classmate to clear up your misunderstanding and you may feel good.

I do hope my suggestions can be of help to you.

Yours,

Li Hua

【解析】

书信类作文是高考的主流文体,在写作时要注意称呼的使用,如:Mr或Mrs等等。如果开头已给出的话,则需要将重点放在正文上。书写正文的时候一定要注意:不要遗漏文中给出的要点。需要先将文中的内容表述清楚,语句要通顺流畅。尽可能地避免出现语法错误,做到文中语意清楚,简单明了。根据文章内容可适当增加一些细节,以使表达更加顺畅。写作前还要根据内容判断确定时态和人称。尽可能地得体地使用所学词汇和句型。如能使用一些高级词汇、常用的短语和高级句式,则会给文章增添色彩,提高作文的档次。恰当使用一些连词和插入语,可以使文章表达更加自然、流畅。

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【题目】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Five ways to end procrastination

Never put off till tomorrow what may be done today. Waiting until later is one of life’s guilty secrets, but procrastination (拖延症) is linked to poorer health, work and relationship outcomes. Here are five ways to try to remedy (纠正) procrastination.:

1. A five-minute start

Five minutes is nothing it’s just three hundred seconds. It’s the length of a song or a TV commercial. Pick up a project you’ve been putting off and spare just 300 seconds of your time to do it. 1 After a while, the momentum (动力) of beginning the task will push you forward.

2. Set goals and rewards

During the day, set goals and rewards. Each time you achieve a goal, you earn the reward: a short break, a funny YouTube video or something else. 2 Make sure you select a time to review your progress and adjust your targets accordingly.

3. Be good to yourself me today versus me tomorrow

Sometimes, when you find yourself buried in work, you are upset with yourself for not having started earlier. Imagine a conversation, between “you today” and “you tomorrow”. 3

4. I was there witnessing accountability (责任制)

4 Consider going on a diet: Is there more pressure if you don’t tell a soul, or if you announce it to all your friends, with strict rules to follow if you are invited to dinner? It seems an obvious way of making you feel guilty, but it can also be highly effective.

5. Set creative punishments negative consequences

Make the consequences of inaction so unbearable that you have no choice but to get busy now. You could write a note to someone that you don’t like. Give the note to a friend with strict instructions to mail the note if you do not achieve your goal. The more you dislike the other party, the stronger the motivation to get the task done.

Procrastination is a silent killer of dreams. 5 By understanding and fixing your procrastination, you’ll discover you jump-start many areas of your life.

A. Everyone suffers from it.

B. Once the five minutes is up, stop and reassess.

C. Everyone likes to have a dream of procrastination.

D. Going public with a goal increases your support and accountability.

E. What is the future of my life with the intention of putting off my tasks?

F. If “you tomorrow” could chat with “you today” what would he say?

G. It’s important that the goals are realistic and the rewards are in proportion (按比例).

【题目】在中国历史上,专制主义中央集权制度似乎是一个永恒的政治主题。不同时期有不同的中枢权力体系及其相应的地方控制体系。阅读下列材料,然后回答问题。

材料一

初并天下,令丞相、御史曰:“……寡人以眇眇之身,兴兵诛暴乱……六王咸伏其辜,天下大定。今名号不更,无以称成功,传后世,其议帝号。

——《史记》

材料二

“新皇帝……废除了所有的封建国家和王国,将广阔的国土划分成为若干行政区,每一行政区 都配备一批由中央政府任命,并向中央政府负责的官员”。

——选自《全球通史》

材料三

两汉时期,皇帝对丞相待之以礼。丞相谒见皇帝时,皇帝起立,赐丞相座。丞相病了,皇帝还要亲自去探视。隋唐时期的宰相大臣上朝奏事也有座位。但到宋朝,宰相只能站着同皇帝议事。据说是宋太祖改变这一做法的,有一天,宰相范质等人向宋太祖奏事,开始时,大臣们还坐着,宋太祖称自己眼睛昏花看不清,让大臣们近前指给他看。等范质等人回到原处,座位已被撤掉。此后宰相大臣就只好站在皇帝面前议事了。明代自朱元璋起,明文规定“大朝议”须“众官皆跪”。清朝的官僚上朝,跪地时间特别长,以至于大臣们都备有特别的护膝。

(1)据材料一分析“寡人”指的是谁?涉及他创建的有哪些重要政治制度?

2)材料二反映了什么样的历史信息?据材料与所学知识,分析材料中推行的这一政治制度的历史作用?

3)在加强君主专制中央集权方面,包含着众多的矛盾和问题。试根据以上三则材料归纳其中最主要的两大矛盾。由汉到明清,宰相大臣由坐到站再到跪的上朝礼仪变化,反映了怎样的历史发展趋势?

【题目】根据材料并结合所学知识回答问题。

材料一 在中国古代,天文和历法一直受到高度重视,天文学家和君主有着密切的关系,他们是官方政府机构不可或缺的人员。至公元1851年,历代政权颁行了100余部历法,《夏小正》是中国最古老的历书,形成于公元前5世纪左右,包含了许多关于气候、星象及物候方面的叙述,按一年十二个月的顺序排列。古代的历法,现在名为“农历”或“阴历”,仍决定人们欢度“春节”以及“中秋”、“端午”等节日的具体日期。

天象观测有助于制定更为准确的历法。古代史书中有着连续的有关日食、月食与星象变化的记录,并从政治角度解释这些现象。史书明确记录了公元前186年吕后当政时发生了一次日食,但现代天文学研究表明,所记日食绝不可能发生。日食记录居然因政治上的原因而有所增减:统治者残暴,记载的日食现象就多;统治者开明,日食便很少发生。

——摘编自李约瑟《中华科学文明史》

材料二 宋应星15871666青年时曾考取举人,后来连续六次赴京参加进士考试,均名落孙山。45岁以后,面对明末流民遍地的现实,宋应星不再追求科举功名,转而探求致富之术。他全面搜集整理传统农业、手工业技术,撰成《天工开物》一书,书名取天工人其代之”“开物成务之义。正如宋应星在该书的序言中所说,是书与科举功名毫无关系,当时士大夫对这部书不屑一顾。后来乾隆时编《四库全书》,不予收录,民间因此更不敢印行。这部书在19世纪传入欧洲后,被誉为17世纪中国科技的百科全书,是我们今天探讨古代科技成就的重要文献。

——摘编自《宋应星评传》等

1根据材料并结合所学知识,概括指出中国古代重视天文历法的表现。

2根据材料二所学知识,指出宋应星科技成果的特点及该成果出现的背景。

3根据材料并结合所学知识,分析古代科技在明清时期转为落后的原因。

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