题目内容

【题目】读我国北方某地区部分资料统计表(下表),完成下列各题。

年份

森林覆盖率

耕地面积平方千米

年降

水量

气温年较差

河流含沙量

粮食平均亩产

粮食总产量亿kg

2000

19%

333

520mm

38

10%

205kg

1.02亿kg

2010

10%

478

450mm

42

35%

135kg

0.97亿kg

【1】在此时期内,导致该地区粮食平均亩产下降的主要原因是

A.退耕还牧的面积增大 B.毁林开荒现象严重

C.气候发生异常,每年出现水旱灾害 D.人口增长过快

【2】目前,该地区主要的生态环境问题是

A.水土流失严重 B.岩层下陷严重

C.风沙危害严重 D.土地红漠化严重

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【解析】

试题分析:

【1】根据表格信息,在此时期内,该地区森林覆盖率下降,导致水土流失,土壤肥力下降。导致粮食平均亩产下降的主要原因是毁林开荒现象严重,B对。A错。气候变化不大,降水减少,每年出现水灾减少,C错。人口增长过快不是亩产下降的直接原因,D错。

【2】结合前面分析,由于植被破坏,目前,该地区主要的生态环境问题是水土流失严重,A对。不能体现岩层下陷问题,B错。风沙危害可能严重,材料不能体现,C错。土地红漠化主要出现在江南地区,D错。

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【题目】概要写作

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

For those who study the development of intelligence in the animal world,selfawareness is an important measurement.An animal that is aware of itself has a high level of intelligence.

Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror,that is,its own reflected image.Many animals fail this exercise bitterly,paying little attention to the reflected image.Only humans,and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins,have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.

Now another animal has joined the club.In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror selfreflection test.

“We thought that elephants were the next important animal,”said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society,an author of the study with Joshua M.Plotnik and Fans B.M.de Waal of Emory University.“With their large brains,” Reiss said,“elephants seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.”

The researchers tested Happy,Maxine and Patty,three elephants at the Bronx Zoo.They put an 8footsquare mirror on a wall of the animals’ play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras,including one built in the mirror.

The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it,and to examine parts of their bodies.

Of the three,Happy then passed the test,in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face.She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror,and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.

Diana Reiss said,“We knew elephants were intelligent,but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.”

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