题目内容

【题目】如图所示，把一重力不计的通电直导线AB水平放在蹄形磁铁磁极的正上方，导线可以在空间自由运动，当导线通以图示方向电流I时，导线的运动情况是（从上往下看）（ ）

A．顺时针方向转动，同时下降

B．顺时针方向转动，同时上升

C．逆时针方向转动，同时下降

D．逆时针方向转动，同时上升

【答案】C

【解析】如图所示，将导线AB分成左、中、右三部分。中间一段开始时电流方向与磁场方向一致，不受力；左端一段所在处的磁场方向斜向上，根据左手定则其受力方向向外；右端一段所在处的磁场方向斜向下，受力方向向里。当转过一定角度时，中间一段电流不再与磁场方向平行，由左手定则可知其受力方向向下，所以从上往下看导线将一边逆时针方向转动，一边向下运动，C正确。

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【题目】

Did you see American figure skater, Jeremy Abbott, crash to the ice during the short program at the Sochi Olympics, rolling into the wall, clutching his side in pain. Ten seconds later, he got up and continued his skate—despite the pain, embarrassment and fear. All I could think was: this kid’s got courage. In business we have a word for it—resilience, the ability to gain strengths and confidence from overcoming unpleasant events.

However, opposite examples appeared in Sochi Olympics as well. For them, failure is someone else’s fault, because they do not accept personal responsibility. Therefore, they have to pay a high price for this attitude. After years of studying failure, I have learned one thing: modesty and open-mindedness in the face of mistakes is the single best thing you can do to improve results. Everyone fails, but not everyone recovers from failure. The key is to learn from it rather than get beaten by it.

The good news is that each of us has the potential to live a resilient life on and off the job. It may be difficult, but that just makes it all the more powerful and important. If you believe the above paragraph to be true, then you’re probably more resilient than you think you are. It takes confidence to be resilient but that too much confidence is a killer is so true of leadership. For example, Ron Johnson, the ill-fated CEO of JC Penney, was so stubborn that he completely missed all sorts of signals from employees and customers and instead listened to all those who agreed with him, which failed his strategy. Bouncing back from failure requires that you recognize something has gone wrong, and you were the one who made it happen.

The challenge of resilience is not just about our work. When parents help their kids deal with every challenging situation, they are doing an unhelpful action to their children. Parents want to protect their kids from failure, but doing so takes away the opportunity from them to practice not

just a life skill but an essential work skill. When self-esteem becomes more important than results, we are accidentally training young people to become less adaptable, not more.

Resilience is not just about getting up off the floor, but also being ready for whatever comes next, even when you don’t know what it is. Failures and setbacks are no longer unusual events, but regular features of a dynamic, competitive and highly demanding work environment. Getting up to finish your skate is no longer optional.

【1】The example of Jeremy Abbott shows that one should ______.

A. recover from failure

B. stick to his own viewpoint

C. take others’ opinions to heart

D. challenge difficulties bravely

【2】According to the author, what can best build up resilience?

A. Being positive and powerful.

B. Being competitive and helpful.

C. Being modest and open-minded.

D. Being confident and responsible.

【3】 Which of the following examples shows us resilience?

A. A teacher offers students timely help and care.

B. A determined athlete practices skating hard every day.

C. A confident leader persuades his staff to follow his plan.

D. A student has got a low grade but continues to work hard.

【4】Which might be the best title for the passage?

A. An Example of Resilience: Ron Johnson

B. Resilience: A Lesson from Sochi

C. Optional Challenges of Resilience

D. Resilience in Family Education

【题目】2016年9月11日，山东青岛市即墨于21时25分发布雷电黄色预警信号。当晚受雷阵雨影响，空气潮湿。距地面一定高度的空中有两块相距3 km的足够大的云团，两块云团正在以5 m/s的相对速度靠近，不断与空气摩擦带电。设两云团之间电势差保持3×109 V不变，已知发生放电时的电场强度为3×106 V/m，云团间的电场可视为匀强电场，则大约经过________秒，将会发生放电现象；在这次放电中，若从一块云团移到另一块云团的电荷量为500 C，闪电历时0.01 s，则此过程中的平均电流为________安培。

【题目】A

In 1995, Oseola McCarty gave a present of $ 150,000 to the University of Southern Mississippi. She wanted to help poor students. It was a very generous thing to do. But her friends and neighbors were surprised. McCarty was a good woman. She went to church. She was always friendly and helpful. But everyone in her town knew that McCarty was not rich. In fact, she was poor.

How did a poor 86-year-old woman have so much money? Oseola McCarty was born in 1908 in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. She had to leave school when she was eight years old to help her family. She took a job washing clothes. She earned only a few dollars a day. Oseola washed the clothes by hand. Then she hung the clothes to dry. She did this for nearly 80 years. In the 1960s’ she bought an automatic washer and dryer. But she gave them away. She did not think they got the clothes clean enough! At that time, many people started to buy their own washers and dryers. McCarty did not have much work, so she started to iron clothes instead.

McCarty never married or had children. Her life was very simple. She went to work and to church. She read her Bible. She had a black-and-white television. But she did not watch it very much. It had only one channel.

McCarty saved money all her life and eventually had about $250,000.When she was 86, a lawyer helped her make a will. She left money to the church, her relatives, and the university. McCarty just wanted to help others. She did not think she was a special person. But then people found out about her present to the university. She received many honors(荣誉). She even flew in an airplane for the first time! Oseola McCarty died in 1999.She was a shy and ordinary woman who became famous.

【1】Oseola McCarty gave $150,000 to the University of Southern Mississippi __________.

A. to help the poor students

B. to surprise her friends and neighbors

C. to show her generosity

D. to be a good and rich woman

【2】From the story we know ___________.

A. McCarty was born in a poor family near the University of Southern Mississippi

B. everyone was surprised because they thought McCarty had no education

C. washers and dryers brought a change in McCarty’s life

D. McCarty gave half of her money to the church and her relatives.

【3】 Which of the following is true?

A. McCarty had to work to help her family after school every day.

B. McCarty learned to read the Bible by herself in the school.

C. McCarty made one third of her money by washing and ironing clothes.

D. McCarty did not have her own family because she had no husband or children.

【4】 From which of the following can we tell McCarty lived a simple life?

A. She worked hard all her life.

B. She didn’t think she was special.

C. She didn’t have many interests.

D. She had a TV set with many channels.

【题目】B

Katharine Graham, once described as ＂the most powerful woman in America＂, was the owner and publisher of The Washington Post newspaper. Under her leadership, it became one of the most important newspapers in the country.

Katharine Graham was born in New York in 1917. Graduating from the University of Chicago in 1938, Katherine got a job as a reporter for a newspaper in San Francisco, California. In 1933, Katharine’s father bought a failing newspaper, The Washington Post. It was the least successful of five newspapers in Washington.

Soon Katharine returned to Washington and got a job editing letters to the editor of her father’s newspaper. In 1946, her husband Philip Graham became publisher of The Washington Post. When she was 46, her husband died, leaving Katharine Graham four children to raise and a newspaper to operate.

At first, she was concerned only with finding a way to keep control of The Washington Post until her sons were old enough to lead it. She had no training in business or experience in operating a large company and decided to learn. She hired excellent reporters and editors. In 1969, Missus Graham became publisher as well as president of The Washington Post company. In the 1970s, The Washington Post became famous around the world. Katharine Graham also played an important role in supporting women by employing more of them. When she was eighty years old, Katharine Graham wrote a very popular book called Personal History about her life, which won a Pulitzer prize for biography in 1998. Friends of Katharine Graham said she used her intelligence and bravery to improve the American media.

【1】 Katharine Graham first worked as ___________.

A. a reporter B. an editor

C. a publisher D. a manager

【2】 When Katharine’s father bought The Washington Post, __________.

A. it had been in business for a short time

B. it was one of the largest newspapers in the US

C. it was in a difficult situation

D. it had enjoyed great success and fame

【3】The most difficult time for Katharine came when __________.

A. her father died

B. her husband died

C. she took control of The Washington Post

D. she returned home to raise her four kids

【4】What can we infer from the passage?

A. The newspaper was failing under Katharine’s control.

B. There were more women editors than men editors in The Washington Post.

C. Katharine probably had a difficult time operating the newspaper at first.

D. Katharine was best known for her book Personal History.

【题目】短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

It was the International Women’s Day. Li Hua had a good idea and tells his father that he was going to do everything to celebrate it. He asked his father to help him. First they decided to do some housework, that was always done by his mother. Li Hua cleaned the house completely while his father did some shop. Then they made a good meal, cooking fish, pork, chicken, soup but some other delicious dishes. Li Hua laid the table and set a vase full with flowers in the middle of the table. After that they hid them behind the door and waited the mother in order to give her a surprise. When his mother came back and saw the delicious food, she felt happily.

【题目】听下面一段对话，完成五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。这段对话你将听两遍。

【题目】目前有些居民区内楼道灯的控制，使用的是一种延时开关。该延时开关的简化原理如图所示。图中D是红色发光二极管（只要有很小的电流通过就能使其发出红色亮光），R为限流电阻，K为按钮式开关，虚线框内S表示延时开关电路，当按下K接通电路瞬间，延时开关触发，相当于S闭合，这时释放K后，延时开关S约在1 min后断开，电灯熄灭。根据上述信息和原理图，我们可推断：

按钮开关K按下前，发光二极管是________（填“发光的”或“熄灭的”），按钮开关K按下再释放后，电灯L发光持续时间约________min。这一过程中发光二极管是________。限流电阻R的阻值和灯丝电阻RL相比，应满足R________RL的条件。

【题目】如图所示是一种延时开关，当S1闭合时，电磁铁F将衔铁D吸下，将C线路接通。当S1断开时，由于电磁感应作用，D将延迟一段时间才被释放。则下列说法中正确的是（ ）

A．由于A线圈的电磁感应作用，才产生延时释放D的作用

B．由于B线圈的电磁感应作用，才产生延时释放D的作用

C．如果断开B线圈的开关S2，无延时作用

D．如果断开B线圈的开关S2，延时将变长

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