题目内容

【题目】 A clever cat has been called a hero after he prevented his owners’ home from burning down. Five-year-old Pepper has learned to open windows and lets himself out every night by using his paws to turn the latch. So when a fire broke out while his owners were at Christmas shopping, the quick-thinking cat leapt into action and opened the window to allow the poisonous smoke to escape.

Owner Sharon White said, “He can climb back in through the window, so he really does come and go as he pleases. Pepper is still a bit afraid but is still managing to eat plenty of food.” Sharon and her husband Phil were handed Pepper over four years ago after a neighbor could no longer look after it.

The fire started at 4 pm on Saturday after the couple went to the shops and left their microwave on a ten minute timer, which then caught fire. Sharon said, “We put something in the microwave for ten minutes and then went out to do our Christmas shopping in the local town. I discovered on the way that I had left my purse at home but decided not to turn around. It was my relative who lives next door that rang us and told us that we’d better get home as there was quite a lot of smoke coming out of our house and the firefighters were here.”

Firefighters rushed to their 350,000 house and put out the fire before it could spread and the kitchen suffered only smoke damage. Phil added, “Pepper managed to get out and smoke must have been pouring out the window which attracted the attention of the neighbors. He’s got a real mind of his own. Without him, the fire could have been so much worse.”

【1】 What is this passage mainly about?

A. A quick-thinking cat thanked his owners.

B. A quick-thinking cat saved a house from a fire.

C. A quick-thinking cat saved himself from a fire.

D. A quick-thinking cat showed how clever he was.

【2】 How did Pepper help avoid the danger of the fire?

A. By ringing a neighbor’s bell.

B. By running into a neighbor’s room.

C. By standing in the way of some fire fighters.

D. By opening the window and letting out smoke.

【3】 From Paragraph 2 we know that Pepper ____.

A. didn’t belong to Sharon at first

B. was not frightened by the fire at all

C. has been taught to open the window

D. was found by its owners on the street

【4】 What can we learn from what Sharon said in Paragraph 3?

A. She and her husband were terribly frightened.

B. She and her husband didn’t call the firefighters.

C. It was that [LU2] relative who first noticed the smoke.

D. She and her husband knew there would be no damage.

【5】 We can infer that Sharon and her husband Phil ____.

A. are very careful

B. lived a very poor life

C. are very thankful to Pepper

D. didn’t like Pepper before the fire

【答案】【1】B

【2】D

【3】A

【4】B

【5】C

【解析】【1】主旨大意题。通读全文,可知主要报道一只反应灵敏的猫在家里快发生火灾时,打开窗户,让邻居注意到烟,从而使房子免于烧毁于大火中,故选B。

【2】细节理解题。根据第一段的the quick-thinking cat leapt into action and opened the window to allow the poisonous smoke to escape.可知应选D。

【3】细节理解题。根据第二段的Sharon and husband Phil were handed Pepper over four years ago after a neighbor could no longer look after it.可知这只猫是别人送给他们的,故选A。

【4】推理判断题。根据第三段的It was my relative who lives next door that rang us and told us that we’d better get home as there was quite a lot of smoke coming out of our house and the firefighters were here.可推断不是Sharon和她老公报的警。

【5】推理判断题。根据末段的Without him, the fire could have been so much worse.可推断Sharon和她老公很感激这只猫救了他们家的房子。

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【题目】阅读下面的文字,完成题。

社会传播过程要求至少有两个人。他们结成信息分享关系,共享一套信息符号。结成传播关系的目的是寻求信息、劝说、传授、娱乐或其他。目的不同,参与者的角色也不同。比如,追求娱乐的人愿意悬置怀疑;预料对方会劝说的人将加强防范。然而,无论扮演什么角色,参与者总是要根据自己的认知需要,调动各种资源和传播技能,编制信息代码,将他编制的符号发送给对方。我们将这样的传播行为称为A类传播行为。白纸黑字的符号可以长期保存,手势或面部表情或讲出来的话则稍纵即逝。无论时间长短,在传播过程的某个时刻,这些符号都独立存在,脱离了参与传播的双方。

接受讯息的参与者,将根据自己的认知需要,调动各种资源和传播技能,决定是否接受对方发出的符号。如果接受,他就按照自己的认知地图对这些符号进行加工。我们将这种行动称为B类传播行为。第二个参与者也可能要进行编码,这些编码多半是非正式的、无意的,可能是面部表情,也可能是其他信号,表示有没有兴趣、是否相信、是否理解等的信号;第一个参与者对第二个参与者的信号进行解码,将其当作反馈。如果情况需要,第二个参与者还可能进行正式的编码,发出这些符号,转而进行A类传播行为;反过来,第二个参与者的A类传播行为又可能引起第一个参与者的B类传播行为,如此等等,循环往复。

换言之,任何讯息都不能直接引起一望而知的外显行为。如上所述,讯息不像电流,电能沿电线流动,抵达灯泡,灯泡随即发亮。诚然,有些反应嵌入本能,近乎自动;例如,一听见汽车喇叭声,一听见失火了的呼喊,我们很快就做出反应。然而,即使这些快速反应也要经过一些中间步骤。首先我们要听到那样的声音,然后我们要对它进行解释:他是在对我鸣喇叭吗?”“哪里着火啦?外在符号影响行为只有一个途径,那就是改变形势在他心中的印象。外来符号到达时,如果接受者决定利用其中的讯息,他首先要加工这一讯息,加工的根据是他储存的形象;一般地说,产生的结果可能有几种:证实既存的构想,稍许修正原有的界定,或澄清原来不清楚的地方。就像改变信仰一样,彻底改变原有观念的情况是极为罕见的。然而,改变信仰的现象的确时有发生;同样,感觉突变的情况也时有发生。比如,听说自己的房子着火时,脑海里对情况的感觉就会突变,迅速的反应就是必然的结果了。

下列对文中A类传播行为和B类传播行为的解释最恰当的一项是

AA类传播行为指参与者编制信息代码并发送符号,B类传播行为指参与者决定是否接受并加工对方发出的符号。

BA类传播行为指参与者调动各种资源和传播技能编制符号,B类传播行为指参与者根据自己的认知、调动各种技能接受符号。

CA类传播行为指参与者根据自己的认知需要和资源编制符号,B类传播行为指参与者决定是否接受并加工对方发出的符号。

DA类传播行为指参与者编制信息代码并发送符号,B类传播行为指参与者根据自己的认知、调动各种资源接受符号。

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