题目内容

【题目】下列加点字的注音,完全正确的一项是( )

A重(nínɡ) 世人目(zhǔ) (suì) 尸炉(fén)

B(suō) 称典范(kān) 笑(xǐ) 温暖(méi)

C谢(diāo) 蹒跚(lǚ) (zài) 花(jīnɡ)

D害(qiānɡ) 菊怒放(chú) 蜡(jué) 重蹈辙(fù)

【答案】C

【解析】A项,读cuì;B项,读xī读mèi;D项,读jiáo。

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【题目】阅读下面文字,完成下列题。

梁启超小传

陈书良

梁启超(18731929),字卓如,号任公,笔名主要有哀时客、饮冰子、饮

冰室主人、新民子等。他是中国近代著名政治活动家、思想家、文学家和学者。他的一生,经历了晚清与民国两个时期;他的业绩,并包了政治和学术两个方面。

梁启超出生于一个半耕半读的家庭,自幼聪颖,四岁开始学习四书五经,九岁即能写出上千言的八股文章。十七岁时拜康有为为师,受其影响,开始探索挽救民族危亡的变法维新之术。十九岁那年,中日甲午战争爆发,次年中国战败,签订了丧权辱国的马关条约。康有为、梁启超联合在京参加会试的1300多名举人,上书皇帝,要求拒签和约、迁都抗战、变法图强。这次著名的公车上书在社会各界引起了强烈反响,这一年,他20岁。

1894年7月,宣传变法维新的第一个刊物《中外纪闻》在京创刊,梁启超是主撰稿人。八月,维新团体强学会成立,梁任书记,成为康有为进行维新活动的得力助手。1896年8月,《时务报》在上海创刊,梁任总撰述。梁启超撰写了六十多篇文章,这些文章立论新颖,感情充沛,文笔华美,流畅自然,具有极强的感染力。一时《时务报》风靡了全中国,数月之间,销行达到一万多份。梁氏自己说:为中国有报以来所未有,举国趋之,如饮狂泉。又说:《时务报》实为中国革新之萌蘖。就连当时反对维新的胡思敬,也在《戊戌履霜录》中惊呼:当《时务报》盛行,启超名重一时,士大夫爱其言语笔札之妙,争礼下之。上自通都大邑,下至僻壤穷陬,无不知有新会梁氏者。由此可见梁启超的文章在社会上引起的震动之强烈。

1898年6月11日至9月21日共103天的百日维新期间,梁启超作为维新主帅康有为最重要的助手,做了大量的工作,正如他致夏曾佑的信中所言:新政来源,真可谓全出我辈。戊戌变法失败后,梁启超流亡日本。在1898年至1903年五年之间,梁启超在《清议报》、《新民丛报》、《新小说》等刊物上共发表80多篇文章和专著,多方面地介绍了西方资产阶级的理论和思想,猛烈地抨击了清王朝的腐朽黑暗,深刻地批判了中国数千年的封建专制主义和封建伦理道德,为资产阶级改良主义思想的传播,作出了巨大的贡献。当时著名诗人黄遵宪称颂梁启超的思想言论惊心动魄,一字千金,人人笔下所无,却为人人意中所有,虽铁石人亦应感动。从古至今文字之力之大,无过于此者矣。1903年后,梁启超在政治上经历了从提倡民权,鼓吹破坏主义,到坚持保皇,主张与革党死战的转变。袁世凯复辟帝制时,他认清了袁世凯的真面目,便积极策划并参与了倒袁活动,加速了袁氏洪宪帝制的失败。1917年,曾任北洋军阀段祺瑞内阁的财政总长,但仅仅三个月便去职,从此结束了政治生涯。

此后的十多年,梁启超主要从事于教育和学术研究,先后在清华、南开等大学任教,是清华国学研究院四大导师之一。他在哲学、佛学、史学、政治经济学、先秦诸子学、文学等多个领域的学术研究上取得了丰硕的成果,他是近百年间不可多得的百科全书式的天才学人。梁启超自称夙不喜桐城派古文,也打破幼年为文,学晚汉魏晋,颇尚矜炼的束缚,自求解放,务为平易畅达,时杂以俚语、韵语及外国语法,纵笔所至不检束,当时号称新文体。他的新体散文在中国大地从上到下产生了巨大的冲击波,其影响之大,是举世无二的。郭沫若在《少年时代》中用诗一样的语言礼赞梁氏的文笔:在他那新兴气锐的言论之前,差不多所有的旧思想、旧风习都好像狂风中的败叶,完全失掉了它的精彩……当时的有产阶级的子弟——无论是赞成或反对,没有一个没有受过他的思想或文字的洗礼的。可以说,梁启超的文章在整个中国近代散文史上都是无人可与伦比的。

严复在《与熊纯如书》中说得好:梁任公笔下大有魔力,而实有左右社会之能。梁启超一生勤奋,各种著述达一千四百万字,在不到三十六年而政治活动又占去大量时间的情况下,他每年平均写作达三十九万字之多,这体现了多么惊人的勤奋和才华啊!

1929年1月19日,梁启超因病溘然长逝,终年56岁,他最后写下的一行字,是:所不朽者,垂万世名。孰谓公死,凛凛如生。

(有删改)

【1】下列对材料有关内容的分析和概括,最恰当的两项是(

A.梁启超56年的人生,以1917年辞去北洋政府财政总长为界,前期积极从政,后期潜心治学,都取得了很大成就。

B.小传用反对维新的胡思敬对《时务报》和梁氏的赞语,直接表明梁启超创办报刊,在社会上引起强烈震动,动摇了保守思想。

C.作为维新主帅康有为最重要的助手,梁启超做了大量工作,产生了炫耀自满的心理,在给夏曾佑的信中说自己拟定了全部新政。

D.由于敢于打破自身束缚,梁启超凭借新兴气锐的新文体完全扫荡了文学上的旧思想旧风气,成为无人可比的散文家。

E.主要从事学术研究的十多年里,梁启超成为不可多得的百科全书式的天才学人,在多个领域的学术研究上取得了丰硕的成果。

【2】严复评价梁启超笔下大有魔力,而实有左右社会之能,本文从哪几个方面印证了这一评价?

答:_____________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

【3】梁启超一生能取得政治与学术上众多业绩的原因有哪些?请简要冋答。

答:_____________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

【4】梁启超去世后,时人评价他前半生是长彗烛天,琼花照世,暮年却是光(光彩)沉响(声音)绝,你同意这一评价吗?请结合本文以及课内知识,谈谈自己的看法。

答:_____________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

【题目】I used to be the messiest person alive. Over theyears, through watching others and by trial and error,I have finally found ways to come up with plans,organize them and follow through with them.

Make an outline of everything you need to haveand do to make your plan happen. Make a list of allof the steps that need to be accomplished and thinkabout what needs to be done.

Detail everything thoroughly and read over it soyou can start coming up with some mental solutionsof how to carry out your plans.

You should ensure that if for some reason wayone doesn't work, you have way two and way three tolean back on. Therefore, different ways are needed athand. It's just a matter of being organized. Chancesare that there is always more than one way of doingthings, and chances are that if one of those waysdoesn't work,one of the others will.

Committing yourself to finishing at least part ifnot all of your plan at once is also necessary. It willshow that you not only have initiative to get thingsrolling, but that you are interested in the resultsobtained with making the move to get everythingdone.

If you make a commitment to finish before aspecific time, make sure that you carry that out, andbe sure to do everything in the way you said youwould, within the time-frame you set for yourself.

Don't try to tackle (处理) more things all at atime. All that does is delay your progress, distract youand make you lose your interest, motivation andenergy.

Carrying out an effective plan requires being asorganized as possible. You will only achieve this bysticking to the order of the plan and not deviating ortrying to do more at a time.

Last but not the least, you should never abandonthings mid-project. It will only annoy everyonearound you including yourself. Unfinished plans are awaste of time, energy and, in some casesevenmoney.

So,don't be afraid of organization. The older weget,the more necessary it becomes to have the skills to follow through with confidence and to be able tocarry through plans in an organized and manageableway. It pays to be organized, after all.

Title: Tips on how to be __【1】__ in your life

Tips

Details

__【2】_

__【3】__ down your plan

List everything you need

List __【4】__ you will follow

To make your plan happen

Prepare three __【5】__ ways to carry out your plan

To __【6】__ that you can have some other choices when one way doesn’t work

__【7】__ to finish at least part of your plan if not all

Do everything __【8】__ your own time-frame

To show yourself you are determined to get things stared and caring about the results

Do one thing at once

Stick to the order of you plan

To save your interest, motivation and energy

Finish what you have started

To get your plan __【9】__ out thoroughly

__【10】__

You shouldn’t be afraid of organization because it’s really worthwhile.

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